1 introduction to html

Web Technologies
(1) html
(2) Xml
(3) Java Script

http://improvejava.blogspot.in

What is html?
 Html stands for Hypertext Mark up language
 It is most widely used language to write web pages
 Hypertext refers to the way in which web pages are linked






together, when you click a link in a web page, you are using
hypertext
Markup language describes how html works. With a
markup language, you simply “mark up” a text document
with tags that tell a web browser how to structure it to
display.
Html is used to create or design web pages
A html document is nothing but a web page
To execute a html document we require a browser

What is browser?
 A browser is a program that can interpret(translates)

the html document
 We can use any browser to execute the html document
 Example:
 Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Mozilla fire Fox,
Opera etc.,


How to execute HTML Document?
 To execute html document we need to specify the

URL(Uniform Resource Locator) in the address bar of
the Browser.
 url (uniform Resource Locator) is the primary naming
scheme using which we identify a web resource.
 A web resource can be html document (or) any other
resource


 Internet is the biggest network that follows client

server architecture.
 A client is a machine that sends a request to the server
 A server is a machine that responds to the client
request by sending same resource or information.
 A client machine always sends a request or receives a
response, to do this client requires a browser also
called as client-side software


Html tags
 Html tags are used to mark up html elements
 The html tag is a command the web browser interprets(translates)
 The html tags are surrounded by less than and greater than characters. These

characters are called as angular brackets(<,>)
 The html tags always come in pairs that is a starting tag and closing tags i.e
<html>…..</html>
 The text in between the starting tag and ending tag is called as element content.
Example:
<html>
Hello
</html>
 All the html tags are predefined tags
 The html tags are not case sensitive that is the uppercase letters and lower case
letters are same.
 The entire html document must be written in between html starting tag (<html>)
and html closing tag </html>
 The <html> tag in a document represents that the document is a html document

What does html document
contain?
 Html document can contain text and/or html tags


Html document sections
 The entire html document is divided into two parts:
 (1) head section
 (2) body section


Html document sections: (1) head section
 Head section is for description the html document.

Providing general information about the html
document.
 Example: title, meta


Html document sections: (2) Body Section
 By using Body section we can display text, images in

the browser.
Note:
The head section will not considered as part of the data
in the browser.


Html document structure(syntax)
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>


HTML editor like:
 Writing HTML Using Notepad or Text Edit
 HTML can be edited by using a professional HTML editor

like:
1. Adobe Dreamweaver
2. Microsoft Expression Web
3. Coffee Cup HTML Editor
 However, for learning HTML we recommend a text editor
like Notepad (PC) or Text Edit (Mac). We believe using a
simple text editor is a good way to learn HTML.
 Follow the 4 steps below to create your first web page with
Notepad.

Step 1: Start Notepad
 To start Notepad go to:
 Start

All Programs
Accessories
Notepad


A procedure to write and execute the html
document
<html>
<head>
<title> First html </title>
</head>
<body> Welcome to html
</body>
</html>


Step 2: Edit Your HTML with
Notepad
 Type your HTML code into your Notepad:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>


Step 3: Save Your HTML
 Select Save as.. in Notepad's file menu.
 When you save an HTML file, you can use either the

.htm or the .html file extension. There is no difference,
it is entirely up to you.
 Save the file in a folder that is easy to remember


Step 4: Run the HTML in Your
Browser
 Start your web browser and open your html file from

the File, Open menu, or just browse the folder and
double-click your HTML file.


Comments in html
(1) single line comments
(2) Multiline comments





Html comments are used to provide information (or)
used to explain the code.
The comments are Non-executable statements which
are ignored by the browser.
The html comments must begin with

(1) Single line comments
 <!—comments-->


(2) Multiline comments
<! This is my
First html program
-->


Error free language
 Html language is an error free language that is when

the browser encounters an error in the html document
it will not display any error message


Note:
 Every html tag given the information to the browser
 Browser contains interpreter that executes the html

document
 Each tag which gives the information to the browser
 If you want to provide additional information we
should use attributes
 Attributes should be declared in starting tag
 Ex:
<body bgcolor=“blue”>
</body>

1 introduction to html

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