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Marche Polytechnic University Department of Architecture, Construction and Structures Technical Architecture Section   The Effectiveness of a  Good Thermal Inertia  of Building Walls Strategies for Sustainable Building Envelopes: Ventilation and Inertial Mass 10 February 2009 Ing. Andrea Ursini Casalena http://www.mygreenbuildings.org
Kyoto Protocol - 2005 Passive Cooling Systems   To reduce at least 5% of the global CO2  emissions between 2008-2012  importance of the climatic characteristics of the site DIRECTIVE 2002/91/CE on the energy performance  of buildings European Union Comfort problems  Air conditioning   priority of  reduce  obligation to save energy
Dlgs. 311/2006 winter Italy  introduction of  high requirements  on: thermal insulation   of buildings  (U = transmittance W/m2K)   summer It receives only a share  of the Directive 2002/91/CE  superficial approach to the problem of summer comfort and thermal inertia of building envelope WINTER ENERGY SAVING and the needs of energy for winter heating (Epi =kWh/m2year) but… It does not consider the effects of internal heat loads (people, diffuse radiation, appliances…)
national guidelines   SUMMER replace Ms limit >= 230 kg/m2 with the: Yie = U x fd  <= 0,12 W/m2K Periodic Thermal Transmittance Direct radiation Air temperature Yie UNI EN ISO 13786:2008 ? internal heat loads PROBLEM:
Problem of periodic thermal transmittance   Yie = U x fd  Possibility of super insulated and low mass building walls Yie <= 0,12 W/m2K 0,12 = 1 x 0,12 0,12 = 0,12 x 1 U fd Yie U fd Yie High mass Low mass = ACCORDING TO GUIDELINES
opportunity:  Consider the Internal Periodical Heat Capacity (Cip) kJ/m2K Importance of indoor thermal comfort and internal loads in summer Results of our studies: 1) Periodic Thermal Trasmittance is effective in limiting the external loads   2) Periodic Thermal Trasmittance   doesn’t ensure indoor thermal comfort with the internal thermal loads Internal loads Diffuse radiation
Taking a REAL CASE STUDY 1) MONITORING 2) SIMULATION AND CALIBRATION OF THE ANALYTICAL MODEL WITH THE MONITORING DATA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],3) PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS FOR: SCHOOL Indoor conditions weather conditions Surface temperature
Different Typologies studied walls: 5 ideal walls in order to respect periodic and stationary thermal trasmittance limits  for instance: For the same value of  Yie = 0,10  W/m2K, we have difference thicknesses of inertial mass and thermal insulation U < 0,4 W/m2K  (Ancona)   Yie < 0,12 W/m2K
RESULTS: ,[object Object],[object Object],Winter period ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],U=0,39W/m2K U=0,26 U=0,17 U=0,15 U=0,13 N
For the same value of Yie there is no difference between the 5 typologies of the wall Summer period (without internal loads, ideal conditions) N
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Low value of thermal inertia = temperature with raised swings = low comfort Summer period (with internal loads, real conditions, school) It is need to  Internal Thermal Inertia N
Roof impact on comfort Enviromental internal conditions are affected by their thermal insulation position
Internal periodical heat capacity  (Cip): - Cip is the real wall capability to store the heat The value Cip, calculated according to UNI EN ISO 13786:2008, describes the building envelope behavior. It considers the deep of penetration of thermal wave - A Big value of Cip helps in reducing the superficial walls temperatures
During the summer, if we have elevated values of internal loads, it will be to more importante to fix a big value of the Cip Internal periodical heat capacity  (Cip): To obtain an optimal level of comfort, the walls have to guarantee a big value of Cip
We believe it is suitable to fix an inferior limit value of Cip  in order to: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
This could be the parameter verification to be attached to the periodic thermal transmittance   Control of comfort and consumption in the  summer and half seasons   Direct radiation Air temperature Diffuse radiation Cip excellent indication of the   goodness of the wall   Yie
Thank You for your Care Ing. Andrea Ursini Casalena http://www.mygreenbuildings.org Marche Polytechnic University http://www.univpm.it

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Strategies For Sustainable Building Envelopes Ventilation And Inertial Mass The Effectiveness Of A Good Thermal Inertia Of Building Walls

  • 1. Marche Polytechnic University Department of Architecture, Construction and Structures Technical Architecture Section The Effectiveness of a Good Thermal Inertia of Building Walls Strategies for Sustainable Building Envelopes: Ventilation and Inertial Mass 10 February 2009 Ing. Andrea Ursini Casalena http://www.mygreenbuildings.org
  • 2. Kyoto Protocol - 2005 Passive Cooling Systems To reduce at least 5% of the global CO2 emissions between 2008-2012 importance of the climatic characteristics of the site DIRECTIVE 2002/91/CE on the energy performance of buildings European Union Comfort problems Air conditioning priority of reduce obligation to save energy
  • 3. Dlgs. 311/2006 winter Italy introduction of high requirements on: thermal insulation of buildings (U = transmittance W/m2K) summer It receives only a share of the Directive 2002/91/CE superficial approach to the problem of summer comfort and thermal inertia of building envelope WINTER ENERGY SAVING and the needs of energy for winter heating (Epi =kWh/m2year) but… It does not consider the effects of internal heat loads (people, diffuse radiation, appliances…)
  • 4. national guidelines SUMMER replace Ms limit >= 230 kg/m2 with the: Yie = U x fd <= 0,12 W/m2K Periodic Thermal Transmittance Direct radiation Air temperature Yie UNI EN ISO 13786:2008 ? internal heat loads PROBLEM:
  • 5. Problem of periodic thermal transmittance Yie = U x fd Possibility of super insulated and low mass building walls Yie <= 0,12 W/m2K 0,12 = 1 x 0,12 0,12 = 0,12 x 1 U fd Yie U fd Yie High mass Low mass = ACCORDING TO GUIDELINES
  • 6. opportunity: Consider the Internal Periodical Heat Capacity (Cip) kJ/m2K Importance of indoor thermal comfort and internal loads in summer Results of our studies: 1) Periodic Thermal Trasmittance is effective in limiting the external loads 2) Periodic Thermal Trasmittance doesn’t ensure indoor thermal comfort with the internal thermal loads Internal loads Diffuse radiation
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  • 8. Different Typologies studied walls: 5 ideal walls in order to respect periodic and stationary thermal trasmittance limits for instance: For the same value of Yie = 0,10 W/m2K, we have difference thicknesses of inertial mass and thermal insulation U < 0,4 W/m2K (Ancona) Yie < 0,12 W/m2K
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  • 10. For the same value of Yie there is no difference between the 5 typologies of the wall Summer period (without internal loads, ideal conditions) N
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  • 12. Roof impact on comfort Enviromental internal conditions are affected by their thermal insulation position
  • 13. Internal periodical heat capacity (Cip): - Cip is the real wall capability to store the heat The value Cip, calculated according to UNI EN ISO 13786:2008, describes the building envelope behavior. It considers the deep of penetration of thermal wave - A Big value of Cip helps in reducing the superficial walls temperatures
  • 14. During the summer, if we have elevated values of internal loads, it will be to more importante to fix a big value of the Cip Internal periodical heat capacity (Cip): To obtain an optimal level of comfort, the walls have to guarantee a big value of Cip
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  • 16. This could be the parameter verification to be attached to the periodic thermal transmittance Control of comfort and consumption in the summer and half seasons Direct radiation Air temperature Diffuse radiation Cip excellent indication of the goodness of the wall Yie
  • 17. Thank You for your Care Ing. Andrea Ursini Casalena http://www.mygreenbuildings.org Marche Polytechnic University http://www.univpm.it