1. EMPIRE STATE COLLEGE GLOBAL ART HISTORY WITH PROFESSOR SUSAN FORBES FALL 2008 NATIVE AMERICAN/POLYNESIAN CULTURES GARY SHORE CARRIE WESTON KAMI BUTTON MICHELLE RUTAN
39. Seneca. Rochester Junction Site, c1681. Rochester Museum and Science Center. Photo by the author. Cayuga. Beauchamp interprets as “two men facing each other in combat” (Beauchamp 1902:285 plate 17)
40. Seneca. Boughton Hill Site, c1678. Rochester Museum and Science Center. Photo by the investigator. Oneida. Cameron (WaylanSite. (Pratt 1976:218, Plate 29) d-Smith)
41.
42. As an organic material, bone often does not survive in a way that is archaeologically recoverable. However, under the right conditions, bone tools do sometimes survive and many have been recovered from locations around the world representing time periods throughout history and prehistory. Also many examples have been collected ethnographically, and some traditional peoples, as well as experimental archeologists, continue to use bone to make tools. Prior to the Industrial Revolution(when machine mass production of sharp tools became viable), many everyday tools such as needles were made from bone; such items continue to be valued today as antiques.
43. Sources : Brown, James A. 1961. The Zimmerman site: a report on excavations at the Grand Village of Kaskaskia, La Salle County, Illinois. Report of Investigations No. 9. Illinois State Museum, Springfield. Wilson, Gilbert L. 1917. Agriculture of the Hidatsa Indians: an Indian Interpretation. Studies in the Social Sciences No. 9. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
44. Sources : Harrington, M. R. 1960. The Ozark Bluff-Dwellers. Indian Notes and Monographs Vol. 12. Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, New York. Santure, Sharron K., Alan D. Harn, and Duane Esarey. 1990. Archaeological Investigations at the Morton Village and Norris Farms 36 Cemetery. Reports of Investigations No. 45. Illinois State Museum, Springfield.
45. Sources : Harrington, M. R. 1960. The Ozark Bluff-Dwellers. Indian Notes and Monographs Vol. 12. Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, New York. Santure, Sharron K., Alan D. Harn, and Duane Esarey. 1990. Archaeological Investigations at the Morton Village and Norris Farms 36 Cemetery. Reports of Investigations No. 45. Illinois State Museum, Springfield.