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Harlem renaissance
- 1. HARLEM RENAISSANCE African-American Culture in the 1920’s
- 2. Harlem: A neighborhood in New York City. The center of the African American political, cultural, and artistic movement in the 1920s and early 1930s.
- 4. Push Factors: Why to Get Out of the South • Jim Crow laws • Lynching and KKK • Flood • Boll Weevil infestation
- 5. Pull Factors: Why to Head North • Jobs • NAACP • Leaders like W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington inspire people
- 7. The Harlem section of New York City was transformed from a deteriorating area into a thriving middle class community Before After
- 8. Rise of the Black Middle Class
- 9. Rise of the Black Elite
- 10. Flowering of Black Culture • Harlem Renaissance: A period of time during the 1920’s and early 1930’s when a group of talented African- American writers, thinkers and artists made a sizable contribution to American culture
- 11. Music: Jazz • Began with African-American musicians in New Orleans and transported North during Great Migration • Blended blues and ragtime with improvisation and syncopated rhythms to produce totally new sound • Has been called the single greatest contribution Americans have made to world culture • Jazz influenced all American popular music that came after it
- 12. THE JAZZ AGE • The era from right after WWI until the stock market crash in 1929, during which jazz increased in popularity. It was a reaction to the hardship of the war and was characterized by prosperity, extravagance and self-indulgent behavior
- 13. Louis Armstrong Greatest trumpet player of the Jazz Age Reinvented the range of sounds a trumpet makes
- 14. Duke Ellington Master composer and bandleader who wrote over 1,000 jazz songs
- 15. Great Jazz Singers Billie Holliday Bessie Smith Ella Fitzgerald
- 16. Cotton Club Apollo Theater Many Jazz artists got their start at the Apollo Theater or the Cotton Club in Harlem
- 17. Literature • At the same time, African- American authors were giving their own voice to the experience of being black in America • Plays depicting African- Americans with complex emotions are put on stage (challenged minstrel images)
- 18. LANGSTON HUGHES • Poet, playwright and novelist • His first collection of poems: I, Too, Sing America (1925)
- 19. HARLEM What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore— And then run? Does it stink like rotten meat? Or crust and sugar over— like a syrupy sweet? Maybe it just sags like a heavy load. Or does it explode? --Langston Hughes
- 20. ZORA NEALE HURSTON • Novelist, short story writer, folklorist and anthropologist • Novel: Their Eyes Were Watching God • Major influence on Ralph Ellison, Toni Morrison and Alice Walker
- 21. INTELLECTUALS: MARCUS GARVEY • Became convinced uniting blacks only way to improve their condition • Founded the United Negro Improvement Association in 1914 to unite blacks • Back-to-Africa movement • Goal to form their own country • Black Star Line: fleet of ships used by the UNIA