First Slideshow of Goal 1

1. The Federalists Era:
The Creation of Political
Parties

2. Washington as a Trendsetter
►As the first president Washington set
many precedents (setting trends that
other presidents follow)
►Examples are:
 A cabinet (people that advise the
president like Jefferson and Hamilton)
 Being a war hero
 Leaving after two terms in office
 Neutrality in foreign affairs
George Washington takes the Oath of Office (Inauguration).mp4

3. Judiciary Act of 1789
► Set
up the judicial
branch, the
Supreme Court and
other federal courts
► Congress established:
 13 districts, one for
each state
 3 courts of appeal
 Supreme Court (6
members)
 John Jay first chief
justice
John Jay

4. Hamilton’s Economic Plan
► government needed to borrow
money by issuing bonds to
citizens
► accept all the debts of the Cont
Congress
► reasonable debt was a
blessing
► Forget agriculture and adopt
industry
► Set up tariffs to protect
American manufacturers
► Charter a Bank of the United
States…the biggie that caused
Hamilton was on Washington’s
Cabinet as the Secretary of
Treasury so he knew all about
economics!

5. Loose vs. Strict Interpretation
► Must be considered when talk of the US Bank
starts because the bank may be unconstitutional
►Strict: government only has powers that are
listed in Constitution
 Jefferson
 Constitution says nothing of a Bank of US…so
they can’t create it
►Loose: interpret Constitution broadly relying
on “implied powers”…justifies the creation of the
bank
 Alexander Hamilton

6. Whiskey Rebellion
► Excise
►
►
►
Tax
on
whiskey upset farmers
who used whiskey to pay
for things
Farmers terrorized tax
collectors
Washington sent federal
troops to stop rebellion
proved that a strong
gov’t was necessary

7. The Federalists:
Hamilton and Adams
► Wanted a strong national government
► putting the government in the hands of the
“rich, well born and able”(elite)
► Manufacturing and trade (industry) were the
basis of national wealth and power
► artisans, merchants, manufacturers,
bankers, urban workers and eastern
farmers
► Northeast

8. The Democratic-Republicans:
Jefferson and Madison
►
►
►
►
►
►
Also called AntiFederalists
Supported an
agricultural economy
(agrarian)
rights of the states
against the power of the
federal government
 Supported the Bill of
Rights
South and West
Against the US bank
Pro-French

9. Treaty of Greenville
► Indian tribes were uniting into a
confederacy under Little Turtle who fought
to protect their land, armed by the British
► Little Turtle was defeated at the Battle of
Fallen Timbers and he gives up all of
Ohio
► Common conflict between Indians and
white settlers: land
► Common Result: Indians lose more of their
land

10. Washington’s Foreign Policy
► Drama in France and Britain causes Washington to
have to make tough decisions
 Need to trade with both nations but don’t want to get caught
up in their mess
► Finally,
Washington issued neutrality
proclamation…used until 20 th Century
(precedent)
 US was able to stay neutral because of our
geographic isolation from Europe (we are
just far away from Europe)

11. Jay’s Treaty
►Britain was intercepting neutral ships
►John Jay sent to Britain to negotiate
►In the end, Britain had the right to seize
cargo in route to France
►ratified by Congress, not supported by
D-R
►prevented war with Britain…but only
temporarily

12. Pinckney’s Treaty
► Spain cut off Miss River
at New Orleans for US
► Spain offered to negotiate
with US, Washington sent
Thomas Pinckney
► Granted America the
right to navigate the
Mississippi River and
use the port of New
Orleans and Spain
gets northern
boundary of Florida

13. Washington’s Farewell Address
►Washington chose not to run again in
1796 setting a two-term precedent
►When he left he warned America
against
 Political parties
 Foreign alliances
 Sectionalism…division between North and
South

14. John Adams in Office
► Was a Federalists
but his VP was
Jefferson (D-R)
► Had been
Washington’s VP
► His paranoid
personality was
not suitable for
being president

15. The XYZ Affair
►France was seizing (taking) American
ships headed toward Britain
►Adams sent Pinckney to negotiate,
French sent X, Y, and Z
►French were trying to get bribes so
negotiations stop and Adams sets up
navy to protect our ships
►Turns America against the
French
The XYZ Affair.m
p4

16. The Alien and Sedition Acts,
1798
► Alien: the president
could deport any
immigrant who criticized
the government
► Sedition: publicly
criticizing the
government was a
crime for citizens
► Technically this violated
the 1st Amendment

17. The Virginia and Kentucky
Resolution, 1798
►Dem-Reps criticized the A & S Acts,
said they were unconstitutional
►Virginia Resolution: state government
can declare federal law unconstitutional
►Kentucky Resolution: states had the
right to nullify (ignore) federal law
►First time states try to override
the federal gov’t but not the last