Year 11 urban and retail change revision powerpoint

2. Cardiff Bay Waterfront Regeneration St David’s 2 Retail Development
Swansea SA1 Waterfront Regeneration
Swansea Quadrant Transport and
Retail Redevelopment
Changing European Cities – South Wales
Why do you think developments like these are important?

3. Fill in a table to show how the development will impact different groups of people
Local builder
Local taxi driver
Shop owner in Queen Street
Shop owner in St David’s
Local Resident
Shopper
Local Cleaning Service
Council
Representative
Environmentalist
Small out of town
shop owner
Reasons FOR Reasons AGAINST
NAME

4. Dublin (Ireland) : Ballymun Town Centre Regeneration

5. London :
Regeneration
through Sport

6. Edinburgh :
Improving Transport,
Improving City Life.

7. Rotterdam (Holland) : The Kop van Zuid Project
A city for tomorrow – residential and commercial regeneration

9. Today you will…
Identify geographical distribution of land use in Cardiff
Create a sketch map to show recent changes in and around the city
Explain how different strategies have contributed to these changes
Assess the success of changes in different places in and around the city

15. Before: very busy street
Now: only buses and taxis allowed
What are the advantages of this change?
Are there any disadvantages?

16. School of Creative & Cultural Industries
What are the advantages of this change?
Are there any disadvantages?

17. New Stadium and Retail Park
What are the advantages of this change?
Are there any disadvantages?
Before
Now

18. Past: Industrial Site left run
down and derelict in places Present: Modern Waterfront with a wide variety of
leisure, business and residential opportunities
What are the advantages of this change?
Are there any disadvantages?

20. What are the advantages of this change?
Are there any disadvantages?
(Not as recent as other developments)

21. New Arts Centre
St Mary St pedestrianised
New Stadium in 2000
St David’s
Retail Development
New University campus
(Along with numerous apartments
hotels and business developments)

22. CBD
Park & Ride
Services
New Cardiff City
Stadium and
retail park Cardiff Bay
regeneration

23. CBD
ccf
c
Cardiff
Bay

24. CBD
CC
FC
Cardiff
Bay
M4 Valleys
M4 Bridgend
M4 Newport
An example to start.
What is good about it?
What is missing?
Draw your own including all developments.

27. Key Questions:
1. Who is responsible for planning and developing land in the UK?
2. What are the key issues that planners consider when shaping a
development plan?
3. Have these considerations been taken in the developments we
have seen around Cardiff?
4. Are the plans for Cardiff Sustainable?
5. What could be done in our local area?

28. Cardiff’s Local Development Plan is one of the most important
documents, if not the most important, that Cardiff council is
called upon to produce. It lays the foundations which will shape
our city for a generation or more. It determines where people
are going to live and work and how they travel between the two.
More importantly, it dictates how people live, influencing
lifestyles and landscapes which impact directly on jobs,
educational achievement, crime and future economic prosperity
as well as on issues of place, community and the environment.
http://yourcardiff.walesonline.co.uk/tag/local-development-plan/

29. This recent development in Cardiff took years of planning
and building.
• Do you think the development considers all of the issues
suggested in the book?
• Which do you think would have been hard to meet?
• Which do you think could be improved and how?

30. 1. Use the LDF to suggest an appropriate strategy for developing the local
area.
2. Share ideas with the group - decide who’s plans meet the considerations
of LDF best.
To Extend Your Work:
3. Write a letter to your local government based on the best suggestions
you have discussed, persuading them to take action on your ideas.

31. ‘’VISITORS could soon be taking a faster route to Barry Island thanks to a new £250m
development.
The new road will run through the centre of the Waterfront complex, providing a
much more direct link to the Island from Cardiff Road and easing pressure on the
causeway, which often becomes clogged with traffic at the height of the summer
season.
The road will also give access to the planned second phase of the Waterfront development,
including a new primary school, cafe quarter, park and houses.
The final proposal for the link road is the result of lengthy public consultation and debate on the final
phase of the waterfront development’’
Written June 2010 Source: www.walesonline.co.uk/...news/.../new-link-road-a-faster-route-to-barry-island-91466-26660410

33. Brownfield or Greenfield?
To Start…
• Which of these images do you think are brownfield/greenfield sites?
• What is the difference?

34. Today…
 Distinguish between brownfield and Greenfield sites
 Identify reasons for the need to develop brownfield sites
 Explain why waterfront developments are/have been popular around the UK
 Assess the impacts of a waterfront development

35. Brownfield sites are abandoned
or underused industrial and
commercial facilities available for
re-use.

36. Commonly undeveloped land in a city or rural area either currently used for agriculture or
landscape design or left to naturally evolve. These areas of land are usually agricultural or
amenity properties being considered for urban development.
Greenfield land can be unfenced open fields, urban lots or restricted closed properties kept off
limits to the general public by a private or government entities.
Rather than build upon greenfield land a developer may choose to re-develop brownfield or
greyfield lands. Those are areas that have previously been developed but have been left
abandoned or underutilized.
Greenfield Sites – land
that has not been built
on before. Often rural /
countryside areas.

37. More sustainable
Often on the edge of towns and
cities and may have better access
Have less congestion
More pleasant environment and have
more space and room to expand
House prices would increase in inner city
areas as people are encouraged back to
the area. This might mean that local
people can not afford the houses.
New drainage, electricity, roads etc.
would all have to be produced.
New housing can lead to gentrification (old
housing done up- area becomes more trendy
and affluent) so the area will improve and
things like crime rates will improve.
Easier to build on as there is a fresh start
There is an issue of contamination and
making sites safe for development.
‘Sucks’ out the core from towns as shop
etc. locate on the edge of
towns/cities

38. To end:
Barry Docks Waterfront development
 Was it Brown/Greenfield?
 Were there other options?
 Is it/will it be sustainable?

40. Barcelona

49. Population 500,000 Population 1,500,000 Population 4,000,000
60km 250km 500km
Rapid growth 16% homes = Olympics =
= pressure on transport no basic facilities opportunity for development
Brownfield sites tackled Renewal of existing areas Crime and antisocial behaviour
New by-laws Night time disturbances Hope for reduced
introduced are a nuisance antisocial behaviour
1930 1950 1970 1990 2020 (est)
Barcelona Development Timeline

51. • Identify patterns of retailing.
• Compare expected patterns to a local example.
• Explain how changes in retailing has affected
different groups of people.
Patterns of Retailing

52. Use the sketch map in
your booklet, can you
locate where you
would expect these
using the numbers on
the map?

53. What can be done to help those who
have experienced the negative
impacts of the changes to retail?
In pairs discuss and note some ideas.
In groups, decide which strategies
would be most effective?

55. To Start..
Discuss where you would go to buy these products.
Is this where you would have got them in the past?
Is this where you will get them in the future?

56. Today…
•Explain the term clone town.
•Identify problems associated with retail park developments.
•Identify strategies to combat these problems.

57. Clone town is a global term for a town where
the High Street or other major shopping areas
are significantly dominated by Chain stores.

58. • 41 per cent of the towns surveyed were
“clone towns” (more than half the stores were
chains); 23 per cent are on the verge of
becoming clone towns (border towns); and 36
per cent were “home towns” (more than
2/3rds of shops are independents).
• Cambridge is the UK’s most cloned
town, managing only 11.6 on the diversity
scale (out of a possible 100). Only nine
varieties of shops are found on the main high
street.
• Richmond has the most cloned high street of
London’s “villages”, with only five independent
shops found down its length.
• Whitstable, Kent is the best performing
“home town”, according to the survey, scoring
an impressive 92.1. on the diversity scale.
Nine of the 13 west London village high streets
surveyed registered as “clone towns”.
Clone Town Britain 2010: High street diversity
still on endangered list
http://www.neweconomics.org/press-releases/clone-town-britain-2010-high-street-
diversity-still-on-endangered-list

59. First we had Ghost Town Britain, then we had
Clone Town Britain, and now it appears we are
hurtling towards No Town Britain.
According to a campaign by the Federation of
Small Businesses, 42% of our towns and
villages no longer have a shop of any kind.
Specialised stores, including
butchers, bakers, fishmongers and
newsagents, have been closing at the rate of
50 per week - more than 2,000 a year -
between 1997 and 2002, and have been
replaced by out-of-town supermarkets and
shopping centres.
Since 1990, 40% of bank branches have
closed, around four pubs a day are currently
calling absolutely last orders, and 2,500 post
offices face closure.
The FSB campaign, Keep Trade Local, warns
that our high streets face extinction. It aims to
safeguard the future of small, independent

60. Shrewsbury: Can the town
centre fight back?
In your booklets, find and highlight the answers to the following questions…
1. What recent changes has occurred to retailing in Shrewsbury?
2. How do local people feel about the changes?
3. How many retail parks / shopping malls does the area have?
4. What is being done to combat the problems associated with the changes?

63. 1. Collate the data from your surveys.
2. Produce graphs to display the findings.
3. Describe what you have found.
4. Do you think these findings reflect the national trend?

64. In groups produce a mind map to explain the impacts of internet shopping.
Think about the following…
- positive / negative
- social / economic / environmental
- different groups of people
- what the future holds

65. Do you think that internet shopping has had an overall good or
bad impact on retail?

66. Extension…
Was the internet to blame for the closure of Woolworths stores in the UK?

68. What do you think this is?
What do you think goes on here?

69. Amazon: From the online world to your doorstep
Today…
•Identify factors affecting location
•Describe the location of Amazon stores
•Explain what makes a suitable location
Identify impacts on the locations

70. Distribution warehouse: Amazon
There are now a number of these in the
UK given the recent rise in internet sales.
Where would be a good location for a
warehouse like this?

71. Complete the activities
on page 101.
Complete a sketch map
to show the location of
the Amazon warehouse
in Swansea.
Video Clip:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/
1/hi/wales/7349546.st
m

73. Local Spending, Global Impact!
•Identify the factors contributing to globalisation of
trade
•Identify the positive and negative impacts of UK
consumer spending

74. What do these terms mean?
Consumer
Globalisation
Disposable income
Spending power
GDP
Positive Multiplier
Consumerism
Food miles
An individual who buys products or services for
personal use
the tendency of businesses, technologies, or
philosophies to spread throughout the world,
the income that a person has for
spending, saving, or investing
The value of money , as measured by the quantity
and quality of products and services it can buy .
where one factor affects another, which then
subsequently affects another and so on
Attachment to
materialistic values or
possessions
the market value of all goods and services produced
within a country in a given period. It is often considered
an indicator of a country's standard of living.
The distance food is transported from
the time of its production until it
reaches the consumer

75. What are the positive and negative
impacts of consumer spending?
In pairs use the information to answer the
question.
You are only allowed to draw images.
You can use a max of 6 words.

76. To end:
Discuss why it is important to consider peoples’
opinions surrounding the issue of the impacts of
what we spend our money on.

78. Are you an ethical shopper?
Today...
• Who are the winners and losers of the fashion trade?
• To what extent do/can people in the UK influence the
decisions made by big companies and the impacts they have
around the world?
• What does the future hold for ethical shopping?

79. UK Factory Worker
UK Economy
LEDC economies
Shoppers
Factory worker in Asia
Company owners

80. What can be done to help the losers?

81. Examples:
Signing up to agreements or
enforcing legislation.
1. Employment is freely chosen
2. Freedom of association and the right to
collective bargaining are respected
3. Working conditions are safe and hygienic
4. Child labour shall not be used
5. Living wages are paid
6. Working hours are not excessive
7. No discrimination is practised
8. Regular employment is provided
9. No harsh or inhumane treatment
is allowed

82. Consumer choices based on –
• ethical standards set by the company
• food miles
• carbon footprint,

83. Examples:
• Demonstrations
• Advertising
• Campaigning
• Labelling

84. We all want to make shopping decisions we
can feel good about – for our family, our
wallets and the environment. Most of us want
to do our bit – it just needs to be quick, easy
and not cost the earth!
Small steps can make a big difference,
particularly when it comes to reducing our
carbon footprint.
Now help is at hand. The Carbon Reduction
Label helps you see at a glance which products
are working to reduce their carbon
footprints. It’s still early days, but already lots
of leading brands have signed up – in fact
you’ll find carbon labelled-products along most
aisles of your local supermarket and right
across the high street.
www.carbon-label.com

85. http://www.tesco.com/climatechange/carbonf
ootprint.asp
Progress Since 2005/06:
Our carbon intensity has fallen during the 06/07 financial year: our footprint in tonnes of
CO2e has not changed materially since the 05/06 financial year despite a 10.9% increase
in sales and a 17.2% increase in selling area (our footprint for the 05/06 year was
assessed to be between 4 and 4.3 million tonnes.
Carbon labels
restrict air transport to less than 1 per cent of
our products and will put an aeroplane symbol
on all air-freighted products in our stores.