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INTRODUCTION TO THE
    STUDY OF PHILIPPINE
        LITERATURE




© Capital Community
DEFINITION OF LITERATURE

 The  word literature is derived from the
  Latin term Litera which means letter. It has
  been defined by various writers.
 Because literature deals with ideas,
  thoughts and emotions of man, literature
  can be said to be the story of man. Man’s
  loves, griefs, thoughts, dreams, and
  aspirations coached in a beautiful
  language is Literature.
 In order to know the history of a nation’s
  spirit, one must read its literature.
 Brother Azurin defines Literature that it
  expresses the feelings of people to
  society, to the government, to his
  surroundings, to his Fellowmen and to his
  Divine Creator.
 Webster defines literature as anything that
  is printed, as long as it is related to the
  ideas and feelings of people, whether it is
  true, or just a product of one’s imagination.
 Salazar and Nazal says that true literature
  is a piece of written work which is undying.
In response to his everyday efforts to live, to
  be happy in his environment and, after
  struggles, to reach his Creator.
LITERARY STANDARDS

 Universality
 Artistry
 IntellectualValue
 Suggestiveness
 Spiritual Value
 Permanence
 Style
UNIVERSALITY

 Great literature is timeless and timely.
 Forever relevant, it appeals to one and all,
  anytime, anywhere, because it deals with
  elemental feelings, fundamental truths and
  universal conditions.
Artistry

  This
      is the quality that appeals to our
  sense of beauty.
Intellectual Value


A literary works stimulates thought. It
 enriches our mental life by making us
 realize fundamental truths about life and
 human nature.
Suggestiveness

 This is the quality associated with the
  emotional power of literature.
 Great literature moves us deeply and stirs
  our feeling and imagination, giving and
  evoking visions above and beyond the
  plane of ordinary life and experience.
Spiritual Value

 Literature elevates the spirit by bringing
  out moral values which makes a better
  persons.
 The capacity to inspire is part of the
  spiritual value of literature.
Permanence

 A   great work of literature endures.
  It can be read again and again as each
   reading gives fresh delight and new
   insights and opens a new world of
   meaning and experience.
  Its appeal is lasting.
Style

  Thisis the peculiar way in which
  writers sees life, forms his ideas and
  expresses them.
Why do we need to study
Philippine Literature?
 We   study Philippine Literature so that we
  can better appreciate our literary heritage.
 Through the study of Philippine Literature,
  we can trace our rich heritage of ideas and
  handed down to us from our forefathers.
 Understand that we have a noble
  traditions which can serve as the means to
  assimilate other cultures.
 Realize literary limitations conditioned by
  certain historical factors and we can take
  steps to overcome them.
 Manifest our deep concern for our own
  literature.
Literature and History
 Literature   and history are closely
  interrelated. In discovering history of a
  race, a country, we basically understand
  their own culture and traditions, hence the
  written customs and traditions of a
  country, the dreams and aspirations of its
  people is called Literature.
 History can also be written down and this
  too, is literature.
 History therefore is an integral part of
  literature.
 Literature and history however also have
 their differences. Literature may not
 necessarily be based on true events but
 history is.
Literary Compositions that
influenced the world
 The  Bible or the Sacred Writings – This
  has become the basis of Christianity
  originating from Palestine and Greece.
 Koran- The Muslim Bible originating from
  Arabia.
 The Iliad and Odyssey – These have been
  the source of myths and legends of
  Greece. They were written by Homer.
 The  Mahabharata- The longest epic of the
  world. It contains the history of religion of
  India.
 Canterbury Tales- It depicts the religion and
  customs of the English in the early days.
  This originated from England and written by
  Chaucer.
 Uncle Tom’s Cabin- by Harriet Beecher
  Stowe of the US. This depicted the sad fate
  of slaves; this became the basis of
  democracy later on.
 The Divine Comedy – by Dante Alighieri
 This shows the religion and customs of the
 El Cid Compeador – This shows the cultural
  characteristics of the Spaniards and their
  national history.
 The Song of Roland – This includes Doce
  Pares and Ronscesvalles of France. It tells
  about the Golden age of Christianity in
  France.
 The Book of the Dead – This includes the
  cult of Osiris and the mythology and
  theology of Egypt.
 One Thousand and One Nights or the
  Arabian Nights – From Arabia and Persia
  (Iran) It shows the ways of government, of
  industries and of the society of the Arabs
Genre of Literature



          Literature



     Prose        Poetry
Types of Prose

 Novel-   This is a long narrative divided into
  chapters.
 Short Story – It is a fictional narrative in
  prose consisting of a series of events
  designed to create a single dominant
  effect. It is intended to be read in one
  sitting
 Plays- These are presented on a stage, is
  divided into acts and each acts has many
 Essay-   is a prose composition with a
  focused subject of discussion or a long
  systematic discourse. The word essay is
  taken from the French infinitive essayer to
  try or to attempt
 Biography – This deals with the life of a
  person.
 Fairytale – Is a type of narrative that
  relates the lives and adventures of
  supernatural spirit.
 Folktale – Is a narrative filled with the
  superstition, anecdotes, proverbs,
  legends, and customs of a particular
  group, race or geographical region.
 Myth – is a traditional story of unknown
  authorship, ostensively with historical
  basis, but serving usually to explain some
  phenomena of nature, the origin of man
  and customs. Myths usually involve the
  exploit of gods and goddesses.
 Parable- is a short single story, usually of
  an occurrence of a familiar kind, from
  which moral or religious lesson may be

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Philippine literature

  • 1. INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE © Capital Community
  • 2. DEFINITION OF LITERATURE  The word literature is derived from the Latin term Litera which means letter. It has been defined by various writers.  Because literature deals with ideas, thoughts and emotions of man, literature can be said to be the story of man. Man’s loves, griefs, thoughts, dreams, and aspirations coached in a beautiful language is Literature.
  • 3.  In order to know the history of a nation’s spirit, one must read its literature.  Brother Azurin defines Literature that it expresses the feelings of people to society, to the government, to his surroundings, to his Fellowmen and to his Divine Creator.  Webster defines literature as anything that is printed, as long as it is related to the ideas and feelings of people, whether it is true, or just a product of one’s imagination.  Salazar and Nazal says that true literature is a piece of written work which is undying.
  • 4. In response to his everyday efforts to live, to be happy in his environment and, after struggles, to reach his Creator.
  • 5. LITERARY STANDARDS  Universality  Artistry  IntellectualValue  Suggestiveness  Spiritual Value  Permanence  Style
  • 6. UNIVERSALITY  Great literature is timeless and timely.  Forever relevant, it appeals to one and all, anytime, anywhere, because it deals with elemental feelings, fundamental truths and universal conditions.
  • 7. Artistry  This is the quality that appeals to our sense of beauty.
  • 8. Intellectual Value A literary works stimulates thought. It enriches our mental life by making us realize fundamental truths about life and human nature.
  • 9. Suggestiveness  This is the quality associated with the emotional power of literature.  Great literature moves us deeply and stirs our feeling and imagination, giving and evoking visions above and beyond the plane of ordinary life and experience.
  • 10. Spiritual Value  Literature elevates the spirit by bringing out moral values which makes a better persons.  The capacity to inspire is part of the spiritual value of literature.
  • 11. Permanence A great work of literature endures.  It can be read again and again as each reading gives fresh delight and new insights and opens a new world of meaning and experience.  Its appeal is lasting.
  • 12. Style  Thisis the peculiar way in which writers sees life, forms his ideas and expresses them.
  • 13. Why do we need to study Philippine Literature?
  • 14.  We study Philippine Literature so that we can better appreciate our literary heritage.  Through the study of Philippine Literature, we can trace our rich heritage of ideas and handed down to us from our forefathers.  Understand that we have a noble traditions which can serve as the means to assimilate other cultures.  Realize literary limitations conditioned by certain historical factors and we can take steps to overcome them.  Manifest our deep concern for our own literature.
  • 15. Literature and History  Literature and history are closely interrelated. In discovering history of a race, a country, we basically understand their own culture and traditions, hence the written customs and traditions of a country, the dreams and aspirations of its people is called Literature.  History can also be written down and this too, is literature.  History therefore is an integral part of literature.
  • 16.  Literature and history however also have their differences. Literature may not necessarily be based on true events but history is.
  • 17. Literary Compositions that influenced the world  The Bible or the Sacred Writings – This has become the basis of Christianity originating from Palestine and Greece.  Koran- The Muslim Bible originating from Arabia.  The Iliad and Odyssey – These have been the source of myths and legends of Greece. They were written by Homer.
  • 18.  The Mahabharata- The longest epic of the world. It contains the history of religion of India.  Canterbury Tales- It depicts the religion and customs of the English in the early days. This originated from England and written by Chaucer.  Uncle Tom’s Cabin- by Harriet Beecher Stowe of the US. This depicted the sad fate of slaves; this became the basis of democracy later on.  The Divine Comedy – by Dante Alighieri  This shows the religion and customs of the
  • 19.  El Cid Compeador – This shows the cultural characteristics of the Spaniards and their national history.  The Song of Roland – This includes Doce Pares and Ronscesvalles of France. It tells about the Golden age of Christianity in France.  The Book of the Dead – This includes the cult of Osiris and the mythology and theology of Egypt.  One Thousand and One Nights or the Arabian Nights – From Arabia and Persia (Iran) It shows the ways of government, of industries and of the society of the Arabs
  • 20. Genre of Literature Literature Prose Poetry
  • 21. Types of Prose  Novel- This is a long narrative divided into chapters.  Short Story – It is a fictional narrative in prose consisting of a series of events designed to create a single dominant effect. It is intended to be read in one sitting  Plays- These are presented on a stage, is divided into acts and each acts has many
  • 22.  Essay- is a prose composition with a focused subject of discussion or a long systematic discourse. The word essay is taken from the French infinitive essayer to try or to attempt  Biography – This deals with the life of a person.  Fairytale – Is a type of narrative that relates the lives and adventures of supernatural spirit.
  • 23.  Folktale – Is a narrative filled with the superstition, anecdotes, proverbs, legends, and customs of a particular group, race or geographical region.  Myth – is a traditional story of unknown authorship, ostensively with historical basis, but serving usually to explain some phenomena of nature, the origin of man and customs. Myths usually involve the exploit of gods and goddesses.  Parable- is a short single story, usually of an occurrence of a familiar kind, from which moral or religious lesson may be