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HTML5 Web Dev Foundations
1.
WEB DEVELOPMENT &
DESIGN FOUNDATIONS WITH HTML5 Chapter 1 Key Concepts Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 1
2.
WEB STANDARDS AND THE
W3C CONSORTIUM W3C – World Wide Web Consortium ◦ Develops recommendations and prototype technologies related to the Web ◦ Produces specifications, called Recommendations, in an effort to standardize web technologies ◦ WAI – Web Accessibility Initiative Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 9
3.
THE CLIENT/SERVER MODEL Client/Server
can describe a relationship between two computer programs – the "client" and the "server". Client requests some type of service (such as a file or database access) from the server. Server fulfills the request and transmits the Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 18
4.
THE INTERNET CLIENT/SERVER
MODEL Client – Web Browser Server – Web Server Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 19
5.
WEB CLIENT Connected to
the Internet when needed Usually runs web browser (client) software (such as Internet Explorer or Firefox) Uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) Requests web pages from server Receives web pages and files from server Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 20
6.
WEB SERVER Continually connected
to the Internet Runs web server software (such as Apache or Internet Information Server) Uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) Receives request for the web page Responds to request and transmits status code, web page, and associated files Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 21
7.
INTERNET PROTOCOLS Protocols Rules
that describe the methods used for clients and servers to communicate with each other over a network. There is no single protocol that makes the Internet and Web work. A number of protocols with specific functions are needed. Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 23
8.
FTP FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL A
set of rules that allow files to be exchanged between computers on the Internet. Web developers commonly use FTP to transfer web page files from their computers to web servers. FTP is also used to download programs and files from other servers to individual computers. Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 24
9.
E-MAIL PROTOCOLS Sending E-mail SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Receiving E-mail POP (POP3) Post Office Protocol IMAP Internet Mail Access Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 25
10.
HTTP - HYPERTEXT
TRANSFER PROTOCOL A set of rules for exchanging files such as text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files on the Web. http request http respons e Web browsers send HTTP requests for web pages and their associated files. Web servers send HTTP responses back to the web browsers. Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 26
11.
TCP/IP TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL/INTERNET PROTOCOL TCP/IP
has been adopted as the official communication protocol of the Internet. TCP and IP have different functions that work together to ensure reliable communication over the Internet. Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 27
12.
TCP TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL
Purpose is to ensure the integrity of communication Breaks files and messages into individual units called packets Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 28
13.
IP INTERNET PROTOCOL A
set of rules that controls how data is sent between computers on the Internet. IP routes a packet to the correct destination address. The packet gets successively forwarded to the next closest router (a hardware device designed to move network traffic) until it reaches its destination. http://visualroute.visualware.com/ http://www.tracert.com/cgi-bin/trace.pl Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 29
14.
IP ADDRESS Each device
connected to the Internet has a unique numeric IP address. These addresses consist of a set of four groups of numbers, called octets. 74.125.95.104 will get you Google! An IP address may correspond to a domain name. Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 30
15.
DOMAIN NAME Locates
an organization or other entity on the Internet Domain Name System ◦ Divides the Internet into logical groups and understandable names ◦ Associates unique computer IP Addresses with the text-based domain names you type into a web browser ◦ Browser: http://google.com ◦ IP Address: 74.125.95.104 Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 31
16.
UNIFORM RESOURCE IDENTIFIER URI
– Uniform Resource Identifier identifies a resource on the Internet URL – Uniform Resource Locator a type of URI which represents the network location of a resource such as a web page, a graphic file, or an MP3 file. Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 32
17.
TLD TOP-LEVEL DOMAIN NAME A
top-level domain (TLD) identifies the right-most part of the domain name. Current generic TLDs: .com, .org, .net, .mil, .gov, .edu, .int, .aero, .asia, .cat, .jobs, .name, .biz, .mobi, .museum, .info, .coop, .post, .pro, .tel, .travel, .xxx Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 33
18.
DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM The
Domain Name System (DNS) associates Domain Names with IP addresses. Web Browser Domain Name IP Address DNS Web Server Use TPC/IP to send HTTP Request Use TCP/IP to send HTTP Responses with web page files & images Web Browser displays web page Wednesday, October 23, 13 35 Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris 35
19.
MARKUP LANGUAGES SGML –
Standard Generalized Markup Language A standard for specifying a markup language or tag set HTML – Hypertext Markup Language The set of markup symbols or codes placed in a file intended for display on a web browser. Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 36
20.
MARKUP LANGUAGES (2) XML
– eXtensible Markup Language A text-based language designed to describe, deliver, and exchange structured information. It is not intended to replace HTML – it is intended to extend the power of HTML by separating data from presentation. Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 37
21.
MARKUP LANGUAGES (3) XHTML
– eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language Developed by the W3C as the reformulation of HTML 4.0 as an application of XML. It combines the formatting strengths of HTML 4.0 and the data structure and extensibility strengths of XML. Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 38
22.
MARKUP LANGUAGES (4) HTML
5 The next version of HTML 4 and XHTML http://www.w3.org/html/ Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 39
23.
Ch. 1 Assessment: Learning
Outcomes - Know the following Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris Wednesday, October 23, 13 42
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