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JUS 394: IT & SOCIAL JUSTICE M e r l y n a  L i m Arizona State University Cyber-Urban Activism and Political Change in Indonesia
 
1990  1995  2000 Internet and “Democracy” Utopian Dystopian Zapatista Serbia Philippines communities Internet infrastructure pre-Internet Indonesia “reformasi”(1998)
THE INTERNET & MAY 1998 POLITICAL CHANGE
Suharto: The Smiling General
Palapa Satellite: the “All Seeing Eye” of Suharto
Suharto and ‘his’ urban public spaces
Self-policing: The ‘Authorized Party’ “ A guess (who stays for) more than 1X24 hours should be reported”
The Indonesian Internet Socio-Political Context: Early  Middle  Late (1965-1970s)  (1980s)  (1990s) Military vs. Habibie + Suharto (Pres) Cronies Crisis  Privatization Globalization Technocrats  --- Berkeley Mafia Military National integration National unity Development “ Technologous” ---Habibienomics Military Leap-frogging Industrial society High tech INTERNET Private TVs SATELLITE ‘ national’ TV / Radio NATIONAL TV / Radio
The Internet and Suharto’s Late Days WARNET: a new ‘life space’ and (potential) ‘civic space’
Apakabar, USA Parokinet,USA  CSVI, Netherlands Pijar, Germany Munindo, Germany Aditjondro, Australia SiaR, Germany
Aditjondro Munindo Pijar SiaR Apakabar Newspaper-sellers Street-vendors Taxi-drivers Kiosk-owners NET-USERS PEOPLE WARNET USERS GLOBAL INDONESIA INDONESIA Cyberspace Hybrid-space Physical-Space
Mediator Internet users Mass mobilization Printed/Photocopied/Faxed material Political activists Cyber activists  Ordinary people Info Online info Oral & Textual (Fax, fixed phone, cell phone, email, etc.) Physical Physical Cyber Hybrid coordinating organising/mobilising Cyberspace to the Streets --> Cyber to Urban Activism  Internet cafes/warnet
Cyberspace to the Streets --> Cyber to Urban Activism  Cyberactivism Street activism (taxi drivers, street vendors, street café/food stall owners) Internet-café activism Organizational activism (oppositions, students, etc) People “ Demo”places
The Internet and Suharto’s Late Days Ephemeral  insurgent spaces ( National monument,  House of parliament )
The Internet and Suharto’s Late Days Ephemeral  insurgent spaces (HI circle/roundabout)
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The Cyber-network  +  Warung/warung-like network --> multiplier effect
Some remarks May 1998.. an  Internet ‘coincident’ revolution ? .   The Internet emerged at the  right space-time coordinate The more important factor is not cyberspace itself, but the  linkages The  warnet  paradigm  provides  the basis for its near simultaneous expansion  of resistance throughout the entire social structure.  In  warnet  = politics and culture are inseparable, political activities are created as an extension of the production of culture or sub-culture.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Lim JUS394 Indonesia Cyberactivism

  • 1. JUS 394: IT & SOCIAL JUSTICE M e r l y n a L i m Arizona State University Cyber-Urban Activism and Political Change in Indonesia
  • 2.  
  • 3. 1990 1995 2000 Internet and “Democracy” Utopian Dystopian Zapatista Serbia Philippines communities Internet infrastructure pre-Internet Indonesia “reformasi”(1998)
  • 4. THE INTERNET & MAY 1998 POLITICAL CHANGE
  • 6. Palapa Satellite: the “All Seeing Eye” of Suharto
  • 7. Suharto and ‘his’ urban public spaces
  • 8. Self-policing: The ‘Authorized Party’ “ A guess (who stays for) more than 1X24 hours should be reported”
  • 9. The Indonesian Internet Socio-Political Context: Early Middle Late (1965-1970s) (1980s) (1990s) Military vs. Habibie + Suharto (Pres) Cronies Crisis Privatization Globalization Technocrats --- Berkeley Mafia Military National integration National unity Development “ Technologous” ---Habibienomics Military Leap-frogging Industrial society High tech INTERNET Private TVs SATELLITE ‘ national’ TV / Radio NATIONAL TV / Radio
  • 10. The Internet and Suharto’s Late Days WARNET: a new ‘life space’ and (potential) ‘civic space’
  • 11. Apakabar, USA Parokinet,USA CSVI, Netherlands Pijar, Germany Munindo, Germany Aditjondro, Australia SiaR, Germany
  • 12. Aditjondro Munindo Pijar SiaR Apakabar Newspaper-sellers Street-vendors Taxi-drivers Kiosk-owners NET-USERS PEOPLE WARNET USERS GLOBAL INDONESIA INDONESIA Cyberspace Hybrid-space Physical-Space
  • 13. Mediator Internet users Mass mobilization Printed/Photocopied/Faxed material Political activists Cyber activists Ordinary people Info Online info Oral & Textual (Fax, fixed phone, cell phone, email, etc.) Physical Physical Cyber Hybrid coordinating organising/mobilising Cyberspace to the Streets --> Cyber to Urban Activism Internet cafes/warnet
  • 14. Cyberspace to the Streets --> Cyber to Urban Activism Cyberactivism Street activism (taxi drivers, street vendors, street café/food stall owners) Internet-café activism Organizational activism (oppositions, students, etc) People “ Demo”places
  • 15. The Internet and Suharto’s Late Days Ephemeral insurgent spaces ( National monument, House of parliament )
  • 16. The Internet and Suharto’s Late Days Ephemeral insurgent spaces (HI circle/roundabout)
  • 17.
  • 18. Some remarks May 1998.. an Internet ‘coincident’ revolution ? . The Internet emerged at the right space-time coordinate The more important factor is not cyberspace itself, but the linkages The warnet paradigm provides the basis for its near simultaneous expansion of resistance throughout the entire social structure. In warnet = politics and culture are inseparable, political activities are created as an extension of the production of culture or sub-culture.
  • 19.