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Katherine
Burke
13167510
To what degree was the British
Supersonic Transport (SST) venture
about a need for prestige after the
failures of their Space Programme?
 Historical Context
 Historiography of SST
 Why this topic
 Resources: Primary and Secondary
 Current Research
 Provisional Structure
 Conclusion
 Post – WW2
◦ Military focus
◦ Misconceptions of civil
aviation needs
 Cold War
◦ Rivalry between West and
East
◦ Space Race, Arms
Race, SST Race, etc...
 Britain’s World
Standing and
Decolonisation
◦ Change in form of
prestige – scientific and
technological
Timeline
 1956 The Supersonic
Transport Aircraft
Committee (STAC)
 1962 Concorde Treaty
 1968 Flight of
‘Concordski’
 1969 First flight
(prototype)
 1976 Commercial
introduction
 2003 Retired
 Much on technical aspects
◦ Sonic boom, wing type, etc.
 Limited on political issues
◦ Johnman, Lynch
◦ American not British
 Lots on ‘The Concorde Story’
◦ Orlebar, March, etc.
 Not much written on motivation for SST
 More recent work is commemorative
 Gaps in early historiography
◦ Little research into the British socio-political context
 Competition in Cold War beyond US and USSR
 Help to explain why SST was only successful
in Britain (and France)
◦ Less motivation abroad?
Primary Secondary
 Majority based on
primary research
 Archives
◦ National
◦ Farnborough?
 Articles
◦ Newspapers
◦ Flight Magazine
 Books
◦ Costello, Hughes, Knight
 Articles
◦ Johnman, Lynch
 Websites
◦ BA, Heritage Concorde
9%
27%
9%
9%
37%
9%
Spread of Current Secondary
Paper Resources over Decades
1967-1969
1970-1979
1980-1989
1990-1999
2000-2009
2010-2012
 Contacting people and organisations
◦ British Airways
◦ Farnborough
 Archival research
◦ National archives
 Treasury and Cabinet papers
 Ministry of Supply and Ministry of Aviation
 Secondary Resources
◦ Searching for more
◦ Focus on academic articles
 Proposed thematic approach
◦ Introduction
◦ Chapter 2: Prestige
◦ Chapter 3: Economic
◦ Chapter 4: Political
◦ Chapter 5: Other
◦ Conclusion
 To what degree was the British Supersonic Transport (SST)
venture about a need for prestige after the failures of their
Space Programme?
 Context of a SST race
 Gaps in historiography
 Focus on primary research
 Thematic structure

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Concorde

  • 2. To what degree was the British Supersonic Transport (SST) venture about a need for prestige after the failures of their Space Programme?
  • 3.  Historical Context  Historiography of SST  Why this topic  Resources: Primary and Secondary  Current Research  Provisional Structure  Conclusion
  • 4.  Post – WW2 ◦ Military focus ◦ Misconceptions of civil aviation needs  Cold War ◦ Rivalry between West and East ◦ Space Race, Arms Race, SST Race, etc...  Britain’s World Standing and Decolonisation ◦ Change in form of prestige – scientific and technological Timeline  1956 The Supersonic Transport Aircraft Committee (STAC)  1962 Concorde Treaty  1968 Flight of ‘Concordski’  1969 First flight (prototype)  1976 Commercial introduction  2003 Retired
  • 5.  Much on technical aspects ◦ Sonic boom, wing type, etc.  Limited on political issues ◦ Johnman, Lynch ◦ American not British  Lots on ‘The Concorde Story’ ◦ Orlebar, March, etc.  Not much written on motivation for SST  More recent work is commemorative
  • 6.  Gaps in early historiography ◦ Little research into the British socio-political context  Competition in Cold War beyond US and USSR  Help to explain why SST was only successful in Britain (and France) ◦ Less motivation abroad?
  • 7. Primary Secondary  Majority based on primary research  Archives ◦ National ◦ Farnborough?  Articles ◦ Newspapers ◦ Flight Magazine  Books ◦ Costello, Hughes, Knight  Articles ◦ Johnman, Lynch  Websites ◦ BA, Heritage Concorde 9% 27% 9% 9% 37% 9% Spread of Current Secondary Paper Resources over Decades 1967-1969 1970-1979 1980-1989 1990-1999 2000-2009 2010-2012
  • 8.  Contacting people and organisations ◦ British Airways ◦ Farnborough  Archival research ◦ National archives  Treasury and Cabinet papers  Ministry of Supply and Ministry of Aviation  Secondary Resources ◦ Searching for more ◦ Focus on academic articles
  • 9.  Proposed thematic approach ◦ Introduction ◦ Chapter 2: Prestige ◦ Chapter 3: Economic ◦ Chapter 4: Political ◦ Chapter 5: Other ◦ Conclusion
  • 10.  To what degree was the British Supersonic Transport (SST) venture about a need for prestige after the failures of their Space Programme?  Context of a SST race  Gaps in historiography  Focus on primary research  Thematic structure

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. The whole project rivalled the scale of the American space programme (Costello and Hughes, 1976: 16)
  2. Post war misconception that the range and capacity of aircraft would need to fit Imperial needs  no thought of transatlantic flight even from the AmericansFocus on short range  American dominance, esp. in long range  result of agreement made in 1943Possible for individual firms to conduct research + development at their own expense at a reasonable cost even with initial modest gov. supportRise of French rivalry with the CaravelleMuch experience – only matched by Americans (Knight, 1976: 8; Costello and Hughes, 1976: 19)“designers of genius” (Knight, 1976: 8)Experience of tested ss flightMost advanced jet engine in world - OlympusBreakthrough with the jet engine  first operational jet airliner = de Havilland Comet (1949)  “first step in the direction of Concorde” (Costello and Hughes, 1976: 19)Aircraft industry a huge part of the reconstruction programme (Costello and Hughes, 1976: 18)Farnborough dominated by concept of faster flight  from wartime aircraft devel.STAC  5th Nov 1956  Min of Aviation, Duncan Sandys: “If we are not in the supersonic aircraft business... Then its really only a matter of time before the whole British aircraft industry packs in... It may not pay, but we cannot afford to stay out.” (Costello and Hughes, 1976: 39)
  3. Graph – from 22 resources  books and journal articlesSurge of resources after first flight, retired – aka major events
  4. PrestigeNot only space race failuresDecolonisation  Suez crisisEconomicgenuinely thought it would be profitableExpensive to develop/produce hence collaborationPoliticalwanted to join the EECPotentially going to combine with US and/or Canadians‘Other’ purposefully vague depending on what surfaces in researchCould include a few ‘smaller’ influences