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   This chapter is about
    parabola, hyperbolas, circles, ellipses.
   the names parabola and hyperbola are
    given by Apollonius.
   These curves are in fact, known as
    conic sections or more commonly
    conics because they can be obtained
    as intersections of a plane with
    double napped right circular cones.
   When the plane cuts at the vertex of
    the cone, we have the following
    different cases:
   When α < β ≤ 90 then the section is a
    point.
   When β = α the plane contains a
    generator of the cone and the section
    is a straight line.
   When 0≤ β < α the section is a pair of
    intersecting straight lines.
: (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2
   Left handed parabola:   y²= 4ax. X=-a, f(a.0).
   .




   Right handed parabola: y²=-4ax. X=+a, f(-a,0).
   Upward parabola




   Downward parabola

   Latus rectum of a parabola is a line segment
    perpendicular to the axis of the parabola, through
    the focus and whose end points lie on the
    parabola




   Length of latus rectum= 4a.
   An ellipse is the set of all the points in a plane,
    the sum of whose distances from two fixed
    points in the plane is a constant.
   Major axis= 2a.
   Minor axis=2f
   Foci=2c.

 Relationship:
 A²=b²+c².
 C=√a²-b².
 The  eccentricity of an ellipse
 is the ratio of the distances
 from the centre of the
 ellipse to one of the foci
 and to one of the vertices of
 the ellipse.It is denoted by
 e= c⁄a.
 Latus rectum of an ellipse is a line
  segment perpendicular to the
  major axis through any of the foci
  and whose end points lie on the
  ellipse.
 Length of the latus rectum of an
  ellipse:


                                          .

   Standard equations of the hyperbola:
 Latus  rectum of an hyperbola
  is a line segment perpendicular
  to the transverse axis through
  any of the foci and whose end
  points lie on the hyperbola.
 Length of latus rectum in
  hyperbola:
                  2b2/a
Conic Sections: Parabolas, Hyperbolas, Circles, Ellipses

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Conic Sections: Parabolas, Hyperbolas, Circles, Ellipses

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4. This chapter is about parabola, hyperbolas, circles, ellipses.  the names parabola and hyperbola are given by Apollonius.  These curves are in fact, known as conic sections or more commonly conics because they can be obtained as intersections of a plane with double napped right circular cones.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8. When the plane cuts at the vertex of the cone, we have the following different cases:  When α < β ≤ 90 then the section is a point.  When β = α the plane contains a generator of the cone and the section is a straight line.  When 0≤ β < α the section is a pair of intersecting straight lines.
  • 9.
  • 10. : (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. Left handed parabola: y²= 4ax. X=-a, f(a.0).  .  Right handed parabola: y²=-4ax. X=+a, f(-a,0).
  • 14. Upward parabola  Downward parabola 
  • 15. Latus rectum of a parabola is a line segment perpendicular to the axis of the parabola, through the focus and whose end points lie on the parabola  Length of latus rectum= 4a.
  • 16. An ellipse is the set of all the points in a plane, the sum of whose distances from two fixed points in the plane is a constant.
  • 17. Major axis= 2a.  Minor axis=2f  Foci=2c.  Relationship:  A²=b²+c².  C=√a²-b².
  • 18.  The eccentricity of an ellipse is the ratio of the distances from the centre of the ellipse to one of the foci and to one of the vertices of the ellipse.It is denoted by e= c⁄a.
  • 19.
  • 20.  Latus rectum of an ellipse is a line segment perpendicular to the major axis through any of the foci and whose end points lie on the ellipse.  Length of the latus rectum of an ellipse:
  • 21.
  • 22.   .  Standard equations of the hyperbola:
  • 23.  Latus rectum of an hyperbola is a line segment perpendicular to the transverse axis through any of the foci and whose end points lie on the hyperbola.  Length of latus rectum in hyperbola: 2b2/a