Brief Overview of the President's federal bureaucracy (for use with section 7.4)

1. Section 7.4

2.  EOP
 Includes thousands of highly trained
specialists, secretaries, and clerks that help
the President
 Often referred to as “the President’s
administration”

3.  screens the flow of information and people
trying to reach the President
 Includes about 500 people who work directly
for the President
 Top advisors in this group include
 Chief of Staff: top advisor to the President,
organizes his entire staff and agenda
 Press Secretary: provides the public with news
about and statements from the President

4.  OMB
 prepares the federal budget and monitors
government spending
 Works to help the President create the
federal budget each year

5.  NSC
 coordinates military and foreign policy and
deals with matters of safety and security
 Includes the vice-president and the
secretaries of state and defense, the
chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff*
 Supervises the CIA
 This is the first report the President sees
everyday
* The top commanders from each of the branches of the armed
services

6.  CEA
 gives the president advice about complex
economic matters such as employment,
inflation, and foreign trade
 Helps the President carry out the role of
economic leader

7.  advise the president on issues related to
their departments
 Although not mentioned in the Constitution,
these are some of the most important people
to advise the Presdient

8.  Department of State
 President Washington
 plans and carries out the nation’s foreign policies
 Department of the Treasury
 Washington
 collects, borrows, spends, and prints money
 Department of Defense
 Washington
 manages the armed forces

9.  Department of Justice
 President Grant
 responsible for all aspects of law enforcement
 Department of the Interior
 Taylor
 manages and protects the nation’s public lands and
natural resources
 Department of Agriculture
 President Harrison
 assists farmers and consumers of farm products

10.  Department of Commerce
 Theodore Roosevelt
 supervises trade, promotes US tourism and business
 Department of Labor
 President Wilson
 concerned with the working conditions and wages of
US workers
 Department of Health and Human Services
 Eisenhower
 works for the health and well-being of all Americans

11.  Department of Housing and Urban Development
 Lyndon Johnson
 deals with the special needs and problems of cities
 Department of Transportation
 Lyndon Johnson
 manages the nation’s highways, railroads, airlines,
and sea traffic
 Department of Energy
 Carter
 directs an overall energy plan for the nation

12.  Department of Education
 Carter
 provides advice and funding for schools
 Department of Veterans Affairs
 George H.W. Bush
 directs services for veterans
 Department of Homeland Security
 George W. Bush
 oversees America’s defenses against terrorist
attack

13.  All of the departments and agencies that
assist the President in carrying out the laws
(his job as Chief Executive)
 All of the rest of this slideshow refer to the
Federal Bureaucracy

14.  allthe people responsible for making sure
the many departments of government run
effectively and efficiently
 They can be political appointees or civil
service workers

15. 1. Political Appointees
 top leadership jobs given to people who have
proven their ability to the president
 employment usually ends when the president
leaves office
2. Civil Service Workers
 individual hired to a government job based on
their ability on a government test
 will keep their job after the president leaves
office

16. 1. Merit System
 government workers are hired based on their
merit – how well they do on rigorous written
exams about the job desired
 basis for the civil service system
a. Civil Service System
 practice of hiring government workers based on
who scored the highest on tests for the particular
job applied for

17. 2. Spoils System
 previous practice of appointing people to
government jobs as a reward for their political
support
 with each new president new appointments
would be made
 outlawed by the Pendleton Act (Civil Service
Reform Act of 1883)

18.  “Independent” meaning not part of the
cabinet
 Not independent of the president
 three types:
1. Executive Agencies
2. Government Corporations
3. Regulatory Commissions

19.  dealswith specialized areas within the
government
 Examples:
1. NASA (National Aeronautics and Space
Administration)
2. CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)
3. GSA (General Services Administration)
4. FEC (Federal Election Commission)

20.  like private businesses but run by the
government, not private individuals
 people buy their services and products, but a
government corporations is not supposed to
make a profit
 Examples:
1. FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)
2. TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority)
3. Amtrak (National Railroad Passenger Corporation)
4. USPS (United States Postal Service)

21.  make and enforce certain rules for industries or
groups in order to protect the public
 Examples:
1. ICC (Interstate Commerce Commission)
2. FRS (Federal Reserve System – the FED)
3. FTC (Federal Trade Commission)
4. SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission)
5. NLRB (National Labor Relations Board)
6. EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission)