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1. METAL
CASTING

2. Overview of Casting
 Net or near net
 One of the most
utilized production
methods
 Many different types
of casting named for
mold types

3. The Function of Casting
 To control the size,
shape,
composition, and
crystalline
arrangement of
metal products in
order to achieve the
desired
functionality.
Iron, carbon, tungsten, vanadium, cobalt, chromium, sulfur alloy know as a
Micro-Melt Maxamet Alloy

4. Temperature Control
 Casting methods include ways to heat and cool specific
areas of the mold at different rates.
 Purpose of temperature control is to regulate filling and
cooling rates.
 A number of casting defects are caused by fast cooling
rates
 Grain size is also related
to cooling rate. Faster
rates yield larger grain sizes.
 Larger grain sizes usually
result in lower densities.

5. Heat Treatments
 Different methods of hardening can be implemented to
exploit the effects of cooling rate on grain structure.
 Annealing is one most common method where a metal
piece is heated to crystallization temperature. At which
time crystal structures are allowed to reorient themselves.
Depending on the cooling rate, the crystals may form any
number of arrangements and sizes.
 Grain structure has very noticeable effects many different
properties of the final product.
 Not only harness, ductility, and density, but also
conductivity, magnetism and reactivity are effected.

6. Heat Treatments
 Different methods of hardening can be implemented to
exploit the effects of cooling rate on grain structure.
 Annealing is one most common method where a metal
piece is heated to crystallization temperature. At which
time crystal structures are allowed to reorient themselves.
Depending on the cooling rate, the crystals may form any
number of arrangements and sizes.
 Grain structure has very noticeable effects many different
properties of the final product.
 Not only harness, ductility, and density, but also
conductivity, magnetism and reactivity are effected.