(c) Matthew Bloom

1. THE COLD WAR: THE
CONFLICTS BETWEEN
THE UNITED STATES AND
THE SOVIET UNION
Matthew Bloom 1st Period

2. The Cold War
 After WWII, tension
between the USSR
and the other allies
was growing.
 The war against
Nazi Germany
ended, and now it
became the war
against
Communism.

3. The Yalta Conference of February
1945
 Held in Yalta
 Roosevelt, Stalin,
and Churchill
planned the final
stages of WWII.
 They agreed to the
territorial division of
Europe.

4. The Causes of the Cold War
A. Stalin wanted to
spread communism
into Eastern Europe.
B. Stalin felt as though
the United States
was not consulting
the Soviet Union
about peace terms
for Italy or Japan,
defeated and
occupied by
American and British
troops.

5. The Causes of the Cold War
Continued…
D. Roosevelt and Churchill
rejected Stalin’s view
and plans for Europe
and made him promise
to hold “free elections”
in Eastern Europe.
E. Stalin ignored this
pledge, and went about
his plans to take over
and install communist
governments
throughout Eastern
Europe.

6. The Cold War Goals for the United
States
 The United States
wanted to contain
Communism to the
areas that it had
already taken over.
 They believed that
Communism
eventually destroys
itself.
 They wanted to help
any European nation
that they could. Thus
they created the
Marshall Plan.

7. The Cold War Goals for the Soviet
Union.
 Stalin had two goals
in Eastern Europe…
 (1) He wanted to
spread communism
into the area
 (2) He wanted to
create a buffer zone
of friendly
governments as a
defense against
Germany.

8. What was the Truman Doctrine?
a) Would guide the
US for decades
b) It made clear that
all Americans
would resist Soviet
expansion in
Europe or
elsewhere in the
world.
Harry Truman

9. Truman Doctrine continued…
c) It was firmly rooted
in the idea of
containment.
d) Instead of trying to
go and defeat the
Soviets, they wanted
to contain it because
they believed that
Communism would
eventually destroy
itself.
Containment- limiting communism to the areas already
under Soviet control

10. Actions of the Truman Doctrine
e) Truman soon sent
military and
economic aid and
advisers to Greece
and Turkey so that
they could withstand
the communist
threat.
 SO THE WAR
BEGINS!!!!!!!!!

11. Marshal Plan
 Postwar hunger and
poverty made
Western European
lands fertile ground
for communist
ideas.
 What did the US do
about it????????

12. Marshal Plan continued…
 To strengthen
democratic
governments, the
US offered a
massive aid
package, called the
Marshal Plan.
 Under this…

13. Marshall Plan Continued…
 The US funneled
food and economic
assistance to
Europe to help
countries rebuild
 Billions in American
aid helped war-
shattered Europe
recover rapidly.
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

14. Marshal Plan continued…
 President Truman also
offered aid to the Soviet
Union and its satellites
in Eastern Europe
 Stalin, however saw the
plan as a trick to win
Eastern Europe over to
capitalism and
democracy.
 He forbade E.
European countries to
accept American aid
and promising help
from the Soviet Union
in its place.
Satellites- dependent states

15. North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO) BOOM!!!!
BOOM!!!!
 Tensions continued
to grow…
 The US could not go
at things alone.
BOOM!!!! BOOM!!!!

16. NATO continued…
 In 1949, the United
States, Canada, and
nine Western
European countries
formed a new
military alliance
 They called this
NATO or the North
Atlantic Treaty
Organization

17. NATO continued…
 Members
pledged to help
one another if
one of them was
attacked.
 What will the
Soviet Union
think about
this!?

18. Warsaw Pact
 In 1995, the Soviet
responded to NATO
 It formed its own
military
alliance…the
Warsaw Pact

19. Warsaw Pact continued…
 It included…
 The Soviet Union
 The Satellites:
 Bulgaria
 Czechoslovakia
 German Democratic
Republic (East
Germany)
 Hungary
 Poland
 Romania

20. Warsaw Pact continued…
 Unlike the NATO,
however, the
Warsaw Pact was a
weapon used by the
Soviet Union to
keep its Satellites in
order…
 NOT for defense
against NATO!!!!!!

21. Korean War
 North Korea  South Korea
VS
 Supportedby China  Supportedby the
and the USSR US and the United
Nations

22. Korean War continued…
 Japan controlled Korea
from 1910 to the end of
WWII.
 In 1945, following
Japan’s surrender, the
US divided the nation.
 The US occupying the
southern part (South
Korea)
 The Soviets occupying
the northern part (North
Korea)

23. Korean War continued…
 South Korea
established a NORTH
democratic
government
 North Korea
established a
Communist
government SOUTH
 Tension grew…

24. Korean War continued…
 On June 25, 1950,
North Korea invaded
South Korea
 The US came to aid
in repelling the
conflict
 The UN then joined
and they launched a
massive counter
offensive that drove
the N. Koreans back
across the border.

25. Korean War continued…
 China then joins the
fight on the N.
Korean’s side.
 They launched a
counter attack that
then pushed the UN
and the US back
across the border

26. Korean War continued… BOOM
 The BOOM became a
war
trench war by 1951
 Bombs were
continuously BOOM
dropped by aircrafts
BOOM
BOOM

27. Korean War continued…

Accordingfinally
The war to US
  Total
Both N. and S. add
The war left the
causalities
up to aboutJuly 27,
ended on
Korea’s Economies
estimates…2.5 milion
peninsula divided.
1953 1 million
 The nearly
were North
 About
completely fact: years
That’s THREE
 established a were
 South Koreans A total
Interesting
destroyed S.being
of 80,000 because
of continuous tug-
killed, 85% Koreans
totalitarian
of the captured in the
were war. state
civilians. fighting!
war-like
communist
war, but only 9,000
 1.13 South Soviets
 The million
were released after
were killed in North
established an
the armistice.
Korea
authoritarian state

28. Berlin Airlift
 Stalin’s resentment  The former German
at western moves to capital was
Berlin in East
rebuild Germany as occupied by all four
Germany
a democracy victorious Allies,
triggered a crisis even through it lay
over Berlin. deep within the
Soviet zone.

29. Berlin Airlift Continued…
 In 1948, Stalin tried to
force the western
Allies out of Berlin by
sealing off every
railroad and highway
into the western
sectors of the city!
 No supplies…fuel…or
FOOD!!!!!!! OH
NOOOO!!!!

30. Berlin Airlift continued…
 The Western  Their success
powers responded forced the Soviets to
to the blockade by end the blockade.
mounting a round  Although the West
the clock airlift had won a victory,
 For 1+year cargo the crisis deepened
planes supplied hostilities.
West Berliners with
food and fuel.

31. Cuban Missile Crisis
 The United
States, the
Soviet Union,
and Cuba had
a major stare
off with very
lethal
missiles.

32. November 1, 1955- April 30, 1975
The Vietnam War
 North Vietnam  South Vietnam
 Supported
by its VS  Supported by the
communist allies US and other
anticommunist
nations.

33. Vietnam War continued…
 COMMUNISM  DEMOCRACY
VS

34. Vietnam War continued…
 500,000 from South
Vietnam were killed
in action
 931,000 from North
Vietnam
 That’s a total of
1,431,000 people!

35. What will it take………..?
 What will it take for  What will it take for
us to learn that war us to learn that
doesn’t have to countries are going
happen every time to have different
someone has a forms of
disagreement. government.
 Does that make
them an enemy?
 NO!