Presentation for the Doctoral Consortium @ CHI Italy

1. Matteo Picozzi
http://home.deib.polimi.it/picozzi
{picozzi@elet.polimi.it}
Doctoral Consortium
CHI Italy 2013
Trento (TN)
September 16th, 2013

2. UI
Web Applications
public APIs
widgets
data sources
Mashups

3. Vertical
Mashups are
applications for
particular needs

4. Contingent
Mashup might be useful for a short period of time

5. Composable
Reuse of building blocks,
called components

6. Flexible
It’s easy to adapt
mashups to new needs
changing components
or synchronizations
among them

7. Lightweight
Mashups are usually
lightweight applications

8. Housingmaps
• Mashups were born to meet real user needs
• An example is Housingmaps.com, the first map mashup:
- In 2005, Paul Rademacher overlays data from Craiglist on his Google Maps hack
- Then Google decided to open up the Google Maps API for developers
- And Google Maps become the preferred mapping platform for the web

9. The first mashup
developers were
hackers
who however
discovered a world
where also end users
can take advantage of
mashup solutions for
their needs

10. It is not
easy to
predict end user needs...

11. Numberofusers
Number of web applications
Developed
applications
Market opportunity
for mashups

12. Web 2.0
Active co-creation of
new ideas, knowledge and
simple applications
Culture of
participation
User
involvement
in the creation
of contents
Collaboration
among users through
web applications
End User
Development

13. With the right tools
also end users can develop
their mashups

14. Resource
Selection
Mashup
Composition
Usage and
Maintainance
Dismissal
Mashup idea
Manual development of mashups

15. Resource
Selection
Mashup
Composition
Usage and
Maintainance
Dismissal
Mashup idea
Component
Editing
Mashup
Sharing and co-
creation
Manual development of mashups
Tool-assisted
and Registration
Reusage
New
New

16. • Abstraction from technical details
- A platform speaking the user language (functionality and
terminology), possibly through visual mechanisms
• Continuous feedback
- Immediate visual feedback → immediate mashup execution
• Composition support
- Assisted composition, e.g., by means of recommendations
• Domain specific focus
- A platform restricted to a well-defined domain the user is
comfortable with
The need for composing an application, starting from resources
responding to personal needs, and simply running it, without
worrying about what happens behind the scenes, arises

17. Component editing Mashup composition
Component synchronization Collaboration

19. Component editing Mashup composition
Component synchronization Collaboration

21. Mashup composition
Component synchronization Collaboration
Component editing

23. Component editing Mashup composition
Component synchronization Collaboration

25. • UI Template
- Set of “empty” visual
elements called visual
renderers
- Different kinds of VT
- Must be filled by data
List
Map
Chart

26. Image
Title
Subtitle
UI template item
Data
Data representation
Mapping
<visual-mapping>
<global type="List">
<vr name="Title" type="Text">
<data source="IMDB" query="/title"/>
<data source="MyMovies" query="/@name"/>
</vr>
<vr name="Subtitle" type="Text">
<data source="IMDB" query="/director"/>
<data source="MyMovies" query="/@director"/>
</vr>
<vr name="Image" type="Image">
<data source="IMDB" query="/poster/image"/>
<data source="MyMovies" query="/@photo_url"/>
</vr>
</global>
</visual-mapping>
Schema Export for multiple devices

27. Event Bus
Component 1
Component 2
Component 3
Component 4
Component 5
Event 1
Operation 2
Binding
Binding
Publisher: Component 1
Event: Event 1
Subscriber: Component 3
Operation: Operation 2

28. Other Devices
PEUDOM
UI Mashup Dashboard Component Editor
Composition Assistance Module
Collaboration Module
Platform Repositories
Web Resources
Mobile Device
Mobile
Execution Environment
Large Screen Device
Large Screen
Execution Environment
…

29. • 3 experiments
- Mashup dashboard
- Component editor
- Collaboration mechanisms
• Goals
- Demonstrate that end users (whether skilled or not) can execute tasks and
develop mashups
- Compare the behavior of technology expert users and non-expert users
• Setup of the experiments
- Tutorial
- Filling of the pre-experiment questionnaire
- Observation of the users during the execution of increasing difficulty tasks
- Filling of the post-experiment questionnaire
• Analysis of
- Efficacy
- Performances (time of execution of tasks)
- User satisfaction
• Results
- No significant difference between expert and non expert users

30. • Mashups are suitable for EUD
• Coverage of the entire lifecycle
• Lightweight development process
• Platform for EUD
- Component editing for multi-device mashups
- Mashup dashboard
- Collaboration
• Validation of the approach through user
studies with encouraging results

31. • Improvement of the real-time collaborative
editing
• Adoption of different kinds of service
standards
• Apply already studied recommendation
techniques in order to help users select
adequate resources
• Increase the flexibility and usability of our
environments
• Improve mechanisms for domain specificity