Environmental conflicts: Among natural causality and nature of customers

1. ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS AND CONFLICT ENVIRONMENTS Environmental conflicts: Among natural causality and nature of customers Massimo De Marchi Dipartimento di Geografia Università di Padova

3. The Bikini

4. The Head of States and the Premiers

5. The conflict and the environment? SUMMIT? CONFLICT?

9. TORONTO GROUP: SIMPLIFIED MODEL

10. Homer-Dixon, 1994, pp. 5-6 Within the next fifty years , the planet’s human will probably pass nine billions and global economic output may quintuple. Largely a s a result , scarcities of renewable resources will increase sharpely . The total area of high quality agricultural land will drop, as will the extent of forests and the number of species they sustain . Coming generations will also see the widespread depletion and degradation of aquifers , rivers and other water resources ; the decline of many fisheries and perhaps signficative climatic change . If such “environmental scarcit ies " become severe could they precipitate violent civil or international conflicts ? … Our research show ed that environmental scarcit ies are already contributing to violent conflicts in many parts of the developing world. Th ese conflicts are probably he early signals of an upsurge of violence in the coming decades that will be induced or aggravated by scarcity . The violence will usually be sub-national, persistent and diffuse .

22. PRIO of Oslo, CONTRIBUTION Issues to explore As objectives As problems Environmental sustainability Equity Peace Environmental deterioration Poverty Conflict

26. Environmental conflict as learning environment Geography of complexity Territorialization process Knowledge and enaction of actors Morphology of conflict Peace and conflict research Biology of cognition and conscientization EnvironmentalConflict