Introduction to User Interaction Design

1. CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
TO
INTERACTION
DESIGN

2. Contact
Hours
Credits IA ESE
4 4 20 80

3. Modu
le No.
Topics Hrs
.
1
Introduction to Interaction Design 09
Good and Poor Design, What is Interaction Design, The Process Of Interaction
Design, Goal of Interaction Design and Usability.
2 Understanding and Conceptualizing Interaction Cognitive aspects and Social,
Emotional Interaction
09
Understanding the Problem Space and Conceptualizing Design, Conceptual Model,
Interface TypesCognitive aspects, Social Interaction and the Emerging Social
Phenomena,Emotions and the User Experience, Expressive and Frustrating
Interfaces, Persuasive Technologies .
3 Data Gathering, Establishing Requirements, Analysis, Interpretation and
Presentation
09
Establishing Requirements, Five Key Issues, Techniques for Data Gathering, Data
Analysis Interpretation and Presentation, Task Description and Task Analysis
4
Process of Interaction Design, Prototyping, Construction,
08
Interaction Design Process, Prototyping and Conceptual Design, Interface

4. Modul
e No.
Topics Hrs.
5 Design rules and Industry standards 07
Design principles, Principles to support Usability, Standards and
Guidelines, Golden rules and Heuristics, ISO/IEC standards
6 Evaluation Techniques and Framework 06
The Why, What, Where and When of Evaluation, Types of
Evaluation,case studies, DECIDE Framework, Usability Testing,
conducting experiments, Field Studies, Heuristic Evaluation and
walkthroughs, Predictive models.
Total Hr. 48

10. What is Interaction Design?
■ Designing interactive products to support people
in their everyday and working lives.
■ The design of spaces for human communication
and interaction.

11. INTERACTION DESIGN IS.....

12. KEY PRINCIPLE IS.....

13. KEY PRINCIPLE IS.....

16. What is Usability?
■ Usability is part of the broader term “user experience”
and refers to the ease of access and/or use of a
product or website.
■ In essence, it is about developing interactive products
that are easy, effective, and enjoyable to use.

17. What is User Interface (UI) Design?
■ User interface (UI) design is the process of making
interfaces in software or computerized devices with a focus
on looks or style.
■ Designers aim to create designs users will find easy to use
and pleasurable.
■ UI design typically refers to graphical user interfaces but
also includes others, such as voice-controlled ones.

18. Usable interface has three main
outcomes:■ It should be easy for the user to become familiar with
and competent in using the user interface during
the first contact with the website.
■ It should be easy for users to achieve their
objective through using the website.
■ It should be easy to recall the user interface and how to
use it on subsequent visits.

19. What is Human-Computer Interaction
(HCI)?
■ Human-computer interaction (HCI) is a
multidisciplinary field of study focusing on the
design of computer technology and, in particular,
the interaction between humans (the users) and
computers.
■ “Interaction Design is the creation of a dialogue
between a person and a product, system, or service.

20. Evolution of HCI ‘interfaces’
■ 50s - Interface at the hardware level for engineers - switch panels
■ 60-70s - interface at the programming level - COBOL, FORTRAN
■ 70-90s - Interface at the terminal level - command languages
■ 80s - Interface at the interaction dialogue level - GUIs, multimedia
■ 90s - Interface at the work setting - networked systems,
groupware
■ 00s - Interface becomes pervasive
– RF tags, Bluetooth technology, mobile devices, consumer electronics,
interactive screens, embedded technology

21. HCI
USABILITY
INTERACTI
ON DESIGN

22. GOAL OF INTERACTION DESIGN
IS.....

23. 5 Dimensions of Interaction Design

29. GOOD AND POOR
DESIGN

30. BAD DESIGN
Information overload

31. GOOD DESIGN
Easy to understand

32. BAD DESIGN

33. BAD DESIGN: It is confusing

34. ATM’s that spit out your card after the cash
• ATM users are waiting for one
thing: cash. So when the cash
dispenses their immediate
reaction is to leave.
• That’s why it’s imperative that
the cash comes out last—
people are far less likely to
forget their card if it comes out
before the cash.

35. Doors that don’t indicate which side to push
You have a 50% chance of getting this door right:

36. Classes with exclusively right-handed desks

37. Example of bad and good design
– Elevator controls and labels on the bottom row all look the same, so
it is easy to push a label by mistake instead of a control button
– People do not make same mistake for the labels and buttons on the
top row. Why not?

38. Why is this vending machine so bad?
■ Need to push button first
to activate reader
■ Normally insert bill first
before making selection
■ Contravenes well known
convention

39. PROCESS
OF
INTERACTION DESIGN

40. What to design ???
■ Need to take into account:
– Who the users are
– What activities are being carried out
– Where the interaction is taking place
■ Need to optimise the interactions users have with a
product
– Such that they match the users activities and needs.
■ Use tried and tested user-based methods

41. Interaction Design
Interaction Design involves four basic activities:
■ Identifying needs and establishing requirements.
■ Developing alternative designs that meet those
requirements.
■ Building interactive versions of the designs so that
they can be communicated and assessed.
■ Evaluating what is being built throughout the
process.

42. A model for interaction design
Evaluate
(Re)Design
Identify needs/
establish
requirements
Build an
interactive
version
Final product
Start

43. Three characteristics of the Interaction Design
Process:
1. Users involved throughout the development of the
project
2. Specific usability and user experience goals should
be identified, documented and agreed upon at the
beginning
3. Iteration through the four activities (above).

44. Usability Goals:
■ Effectiveness
■ Efficiency
■ Safety
■ Utility
■ Learnability
■ Memorability

45. Usability
Goals

46. How easy is it to work in multidisciplinary
teams?
■ More people involved in doing interaction design the
more ideas and designs generated…but…
■ The more difficult it can be to communicate and
progress forwards the designs being created

47. What do professionals do in the ID business?
■ interaction designers - people involved in the design of all the
interactive aspects of a product
■ usability engineers - people who focus on evaluating products, using
usability methods and principles
■ web designers - people who develop and create the visual design of
websites, such as layouts
■ information architects - people who come up with ideas of how to plan
and structure interactive products
■ user experience designers - people who do all the above but who may
also carry out field studies to inform the design of products

48. What is involved in the process of interaction
design
■ Identify needs and establish requirements
■ Develop alternative designs
■ Build interactive prototypes that can be communicated
and assessed
■ Evaluate what is being built throughout the process

49. Core characteristics of interaction design
■ users should be involved through the development of the
project
■ specific usability and user experience goals need to be
identified, clearly documented and agreed at the beginning
of the project
■ iteration is needed through the core activities

50. Usability goals
■ Effective to use
■ Efficient to use
■ Safe to use
■ Have good utility
■ Easy to learn
■ Easy to remember how to use

51. User experience goals
– Satisfying - rewarding
– Fun - support creativity
– Enjoyable - emotionally fulfilling
– Entertaining …and more
– Helpful
– Motivating
– Aesthetically pleasing
– Motivating

52. Usability and user experience
goals
■ How do usability goals differ from user experience goals?
■ Are there trade-offs between the two kinds of goals?
– e.g. can a product be both fun and safe?
■ How easy is it to measure usability versus user experience
goals?

53. Design principles
■ Generalizable abstractions for thinking about
different aspects of design
■ The do’s and don’ts of interaction design
■ What to provide and what not to provide at the
interface
■ Derived from a mix of theory-based knowledge,
experience and common-sense

54. Key points
■ ID involves taking into account a number of
interdependent factors including context of use,
type of task and kind of user
■ Need to strive for usability and user experience
goals
■ Design and usability principles are useful
heuristics for analysing and evaluating
interactive products

55. Questions
■ Define: User Interaction Design, User Interface Design, User Experience
■ What is the difference between Good Design & Bad Design?
■ Which Goals of Interaction Design needs to be followed by Designer while
working on best User Interaction Design?
■ What are the Four Basic Activities followed in the process of Interaction Design?
Explain.
■ What are the five dimensions of Interaction Design
■ Describe what interaction design is and how it relates to human-computer
interaction.
■ Explain the process of Interaction design
■ What is the importance of interaction design? Write and explain goals of
Interaction design.
■ Discuss Interaction Paradigms.
■ Which activities are carried out in the process of Interaction Design? Explain all in