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Parts of a Sentence
• A sentence is a word
  or word group that
  contains a subject
  and a verb and that
  expresses a complete
  thought.

• Ex. The students are
  studying
• A sentence is comprised of
  a complete subject and a
  complete predicate.
The simple subject is
  always found in the
  complete subject.
The verb is always found in
  the complete predicate.
The simple subject may be a
  noun or a pronoun.
The verb may be LV or AV.
• The complete subject is the
  noun/pronoun and all its
  modifiers.
                        S

• Ex. Middle division exams
      (at our school) require
       preparation.
• The complete predicate is
  the verb, its modifiers and
  complements, if any. It
  often begins with the verb.
                           LV



• Exams (at our school) are
  a real experience (for
  everyone).
•   When looking for the parts of a sentence,
    follow these steps:

     – Look for and place parentheses around
    prepositional phrases because neither the
    simple subject nor simple predicate can be in
    a prep phrase.
     – Find the verb—AV or LV.
     – To find the subject, ask “who/what”
        and repeat the verb.



      S                   LV
            Middle school exams (at Berkeley) are
    a real experience (for everyone.)
• The predicate of a sentence may also
contain a complement.

•   There are four kinds of complements:

•   1. Direct object - a noun/pronoun that
    comes after an action verb and answers
    the questions “whom” or “what” after an
    action verb.
               S-AV-DO

   S        S AV DO
• Ajay and Mike told a joke (to us).
•   2. Another complement that comes after an
    action verb is an indirect object.
• The indirect object is also a noun/pronoun and
    must come between an AV and the DO.
• It answers the questions “to whom,” “to what,”
“for whom,” and “for what.”
• S-AV-IO-DO


                               S        AV
  IO          IO     DO
• Taylor brought Amber and Hannah one (of
  Mr. Johnson’s famous cookies.)
•         There can only be an IO if there is a
  DO.
•   3. One complement that must follow a LV is a
    predicate nominate (PN).

•   A PN is a noun/pronoun that follows a LV and
    renames the subject.
                  S-LV-PN

     S    LV            PN            S
• Speros is a football player, and Hannah and
   S     LV     PN
Andreas are swimmers.


•   A PN sentence can be turned around without
    changing the meaning of the sentence.
                 S LV PN
•   A football player is Speros.
• 4. The fourth complement is a
   predicate adjective (PA).
• It is an adjective in the predicate
   that follows a LV and modifies
   the subject noun.
• S-LV-PA
           S      LV           PA
• All students are very talented
(in many different ways.)
• All parts of a sentence may
  be compound:
•      compound subject
•      compound verb
•      compound DO
•      compound IO
•      compound PN
•      compound PA

  S       S      AV
Alex and Alexis have similar
  DO           DO
names and backpacks.
S     S      S           S      LV
• Amanda, Eddie, Peter, and Michael are

                                      PA
       AV DO
always extremely quiet but love English.

• The complete subject of both verbs
(are and love) is Amanda, Eddie, Peter,
   and Michael.
• When identifying the verb, you must
include the helping verb(s), or your answer
will be considered wrong.
              S     HV HV        AV
Ex.: All students have been studying and
      AV
preparing (for exams).

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Parts of a Sentence

  • 1. Parts of a Sentence
  • 2. • A sentence is a word or word group that contains a subject and a verb and that expresses a complete thought. • Ex. The students are studying
  • 3. • A sentence is comprised of a complete subject and a complete predicate. The simple subject is always found in the complete subject. The verb is always found in the complete predicate. The simple subject may be a noun or a pronoun. The verb may be LV or AV.
  • 4. • The complete subject is the noun/pronoun and all its modifiers. S • Ex. Middle division exams (at our school) require preparation.
  • 5. • The complete predicate is the verb, its modifiers and complements, if any. It often begins with the verb. LV • Exams (at our school) are a real experience (for everyone).
  • 6. When looking for the parts of a sentence, follow these steps: – Look for and place parentheses around prepositional phrases because neither the simple subject nor simple predicate can be in a prep phrase. – Find the verb—AV or LV. – To find the subject, ask “who/what” and repeat the verb. S LV Middle school exams (at Berkeley) are a real experience (for everyone.)
  • 7. • The predicate of a sentence may also contain a complement. • There are four kinds of complements: • 1. Direct object - a noun/pronoun that comes after an action verb and answers the questions “whom” or “what” after an action verb. S-AV-DO S S AV DO • Ajay and Mike told a joke (to us).
  • 8. 2. Another complement that comes after an action verb is an indirect object. • The indirect object is also a noun/pronoun and must come between an AV and the DO. • It answers the questions “to whom,” “to what,” “for whom,” and “for what.” • S-AV-IO-DO S AV IO IO DO • Taylor brought Amber and Hannah one (of Mr. Johnson’s famous cookies.) • There can only be an IO if there is a DO.
  • 9. 3. One complement that must follow a LV is a predicate nominate (PN). • A PN is a noun/pronoun that follows a LV and renames the subject. S-LV-PN S LV PN S • Speros is a football player, and Hannah and S LV PN Andreas are swimmers. • A PN sentence can be turned around without changing the meaning of the sentence. S LV PN • A football player is Speros.
  • 10. • 4. The fourth complement is a predicate adjective (PA). • It is an adjective in the predicate that follows a LV and modifies the subject noun. • S-LV-PA S LV PA • All students are very talented (in many different ways.)
  • 11. • All parts of a sentence may be compound: • compound subject • compound verb • compound DO • compound IO • compound PN • compound PA S S AV Alex and Alexis have similar DO DO names and backpacks.
  • 12. S S S S LV • Amanda, Eddie, Peter, and Michael are PA AV DO always extremely quiet but love English. • The complete subject of both verbs (are and love) is Amanda, Eddie, Peter, and Michael.
  • 13. • When identifying the verb, you must include the helping verb(s), or your answer will be considered wrong. S HV HV AV Ex.: All students have been studying and AV preparing (for exams).