Basic characteristics of animals with some examples.

1. Science 6Animals Mrs. Marlene Torres

2. Characteristics of Animals Have many cells (are multi-cellular organisms) Cannot make their own food Most can move *some can be sessile(can not move) Can live in land or water

3. Animals Can be classified in two groups:

4. AnimalsVERTEBRATES (vocabulary) Vertebrates = Are animals with a segmented backbone. Include the largest animals on land and water. They are group into 7 classes. Endoskeleton = Is an inner (internal) skeleton that protects the internal organs and allow movement. Chordate = Animal with a nerve cord running down their backs Cartilage = Soft bone-like material that is part of the skeleton.

5. Endoskeleton Backbone Frog skeleton Human skeleton

7. Tetrapod = Another characteristic found in vertebrates is the presence of four limbs or feet. Other vertebrates are bipeds, which means that have two feet. San Pedrito Giraffe

8. Classes of Vertebrates Jawless fish – jawless means NO jaw. Have soft skeletons and breath through gills. Examples: Hagfish - they have a pair of horizontally moving structures with tooth-like projections for pulling off food.

9. Jawless fish Examples: Lampreys – have a toothed, funnel-like sucking mouth, with which most species bore into the flesh of other fishes to suck their blood

10. Bony Fish They have hard, bony skeletons and breath through gills; have fins Examples: Tilapia Spiny Sea Horse

11. Another Bony fish (the Angler Fish)

12. Cartilaginous Fish They have a skeleton made of cartilage They have fins The skin of sharks and rays is similar to the feel of sand paper (known as dermal teeth) Blue shark

13. Amphibian Live in water in their first stages of life. Live in land when adults. Hard bony skeletons Breath through gills when young Breath through lungs as adults No scales Smooth skin Tree frog

14. Amphibians of puertorico CoquiChurí CoquiPitito Coquigrillo Coqui de la montaña Asian salamander (not found in Puerto Rico)

15. Another cool amphibian Axolotl salamander ( best known as the “Ajolote) Located in Mexican fresh waters; found in a variety of species. This specie maintain its gills through adulthood, remaining aquatic.

16. Birds Have hard bony skeleton. Live in land Have jaw Have feathers Breath through lungs Most of them can fly

17. Birds in Puerto Rico Rubythroat hummingbird Red-tailed hawk (Guaraguao) Cattle Egret (Garza) Pitirre Julian Chiví Bien-te-veo

18. Reptiles Have hard bony skeleton. Can be found in land or water. Have hard scales Some of them have a shell to protect their soft bodies. (example – turtles) Breath through lungs

19. Puerto rican reptiles Boa de Puerto Rico Iguana de Mona Iguana (Gallina de palo)

20. Mammals Have bony skeletons Breath through lungs Have hair or fur Can move Have jaw Includes the largest organisms Can be found almost everywhere Females can produce milk to feed their young Whales are the largest mammals of the ocean

21. Mammal examples Mono rhesus (can be found in the southwest region of PR Manatee Bumblebee bat (world’s smallest mammal) African elephant Mouse

22. Mammals can fly!!! But only one!! BATS

23. Invertebrates Are animals without backbone They do not have an internal skeleton. They have an EXOSKELETON or external skeleton (shell) Many invertebrates have a fluid-filled, hydrostatic skeleton, like the jelly fish or worm. Others have a hard outer shell, like insects and crustaceans. (hard shell made of protein)

24. Invertebrates Includes the groups: Flatworms and Roundworms Segmented worms Cnidarians Porifera Echinoderms Mollusks Arthropods

25. Flatworms and Roundworms Live in water, in damp soil or inside other animals. Have simple structures. Flatworms – Have a flat shape; they need to live in water or in the wet environment found inside larger animals Examples of Flatworms - Tapeworms Roundworms – Have a round shape; have a complete digestive tract Examples of round worms - Hookworms, pinworms, whipworms,

26. Flatworms Planarian Fluke worm Tapeworm

27. Roundworms Enterobiusvermicularis (a pinworm) Trichuristrichiura (a whipworm) Hookworm

28. Segmented Worms Have bodies divided in compartments or segments Can live in damp soil; some can live in water Examples: Earthworms and leeches Leech Earthworm

29. Cnidarians Cnidarians have an internal sac for digestion They have only one opening, a mouth, through which the animal takes in food and releases waste. Tentacles are found around the mouth. They have stinging cells that they use to capture their prey (such as fish or other organisms) Examples: Jellyfish, Corals, Sea anemones and hydras

30. Jellyfish Cnidarians Sea anemone Hydras

31. Cnidarians (Coral polyps)

32. Cnidarians (Corals)

33. Porifera (Sponges) Live in water Are found attached to the ocean floor They feed filtering small food particles from water Come in different colors

34. Porifera (Sponges)

35. Echinoderms They have spiny skin Move very slow Live in the ocean Examples: sea cucumber sea star sand dollar sea urchin

36. Echinoderms

37. Mollusks Live in water Have soft bodies Some of them can be found living in shells, such as snails, and oysters Examples: squids octopus slugs (babosas)

38. Mollusk Oyster Snail Squid Octopus

39. Arthropods(Most abundant animals on earth) Largest group of invertebrates Legs in pairs Hard exoskeleton Can live everywhere, including the inside of other animals Their body is divided in segments or appendages Consist of three groups: Crustaceans, Insects, and Arachnids

40. ARACHNIDS Have four pairs of appendages Have one or two body sections No antennae Spiders produce a strong silk fiber to make its webs to capture prey

41. Arachnids Golden spider Whip spider (el guabá) Centipede Ticks (female and male)

42. Arthropod (Arachnid)Example: Dust Mite

43. Insects Their body consist of three sections Head Thorax Abdomen Three pairs of legs Have antennae and eyes to sense its environment

44. Crustaceans Are the most abundant animals in the ocean Examples: Crabs Shrimp Lobster