Hannes (not me) presents on "PHP & MongoDB" at the Dublin MUG (15/08/12), @ EngineYard.

1. 1
PHP
♥
MongoDB
Saturday 18 August 2012

2. • Hannes / @bjori
• Icelandic
» Oslo, Norway
» London, England
• PHP Driver Engineer
» @10gen
• PHP Contributor
About me
2
Saturday 18 August 2012

3. Why I started with MongoDB
• Like creating (code, not graphics)
• Productivity
• Don’t want to waste my time
3
Saturday 18 August 2012

4. The “old” way
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5. The “new” way
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6. Terminology
RDBMS Mongo
Table, View ➜ Collection
Row ➜ JSON Document
Index ➜ Index
Join ➜ Embedded Document
Partition ➜ Shard
Partition Key ➜ Shard Key
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Saturday 18 August 2012

7. PostObject Object(
[title] => MongoDB
[contributors] => Array(
[0] => PersonObject Object(
[name] => Eliot Horowitz
[email] => eh@10gen.com
)
[1] => PersonObject Object(
[name] => Dwight Merriman
[email] => dm@10gen.com
)
)
[model] => ModelObject Object(
[relational] =>
[awesome] => 1
)
)
Tables to Documents
{
title: ‘MongoDB’,
contributors: [
{ name: ‘Eliot Horowitz’,
email: ‘eh@10gen.com’ },
{ name: ‘Dwight Merriman’,
email: ‘dm@10gen.com’ }
],
model: {
relational: false,
awesome: true
}
}
Documents to
Arrays
Documents to Objects
7
Saturday 18 August 2012

8. PostObject Object(
[title] => MongoDB
[contributors] => Array(
[0] => PersonObject Object(
[name] => Eliot Horowitz
[email] => eh@10gen.com
)
[1] => PersonObject Object(
[name] => Dwight Merriman
[email] => dm@10gen.com
)
)
[model] => ModelObject Object(
[relational] =>
[awesome] => 1
)
)
array(
"title" => 'MongoDB',
"contributors" => array(
array(
'name' => 'Eliot Horowitz',
'email' => 'eh@10gen.com'
),
array(
'name' => 'Dwight Merriman',
'email' => 'dm@10gen.com'
)
),
"model" => array(
'relational' => false,
'awesome' => true
Tables to Documents
{
title: ‘MongoDB’,
contributors: [
{ name: ‘Eliot Horowitz’,
email: ‘eh@10gen.com’ },
{ name: ‘Dwight Merriman’,
email: ‘dm@10gen.com’ }
],
model: {
relational: false,
awesome: true
}
}
Documents to
Arrays
Documents to Objects
7
Saturday 18 August 2012

9. PostObject Object(
[title] => MongoDB
[contributors] => Array(
[0] => PersonObject Object(
[name] => Eliot Horowitz
[email] => eh@10gen.com
)
[1] => PersonObject Object(
[name] => Dwight Merriman
[email] => dm@10gen.com
)
)
[model] => ModelObject Object(
[relational] =>
[awesome] => 1
)
)
array(
"title" => 'MongoDB',
"contributors" => array(
array(
'name' => 'Eliot Horowitz',
'email' => 'eh@10gen.com'
),
array(
'name' => 'Dwight Merriman',
'email' => 'dm@10gen.com'
)
),
"model" => array(
'relational' => false,
'awesome' => true
Tables to Documents
{
title: ‘MongoDB’,
contributors: [
{ name: ‘Eliot Horowitz’,
email: ‘eh@10gen.com’ },
{ name: ‘Dwight Merriman’,
email: ‘dm@10gen.com’ }
],
model: {
relational: false,
awesome: true
}
}
Documents to
Arrays
Documents to Objects
7
Saturday 18 August 2012

10. First things first
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11. PHP Driver
No dependencies
https://github.com/mongodb/mongo-php-driver/downloads
Maintained and supported by 10gen
$ pecl install mongo
extension = mongo.so
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12. Connecting to the DB
If the DB or collection doesn’t exist, mongoDB
will create it on connect.
$connection = new Mongo();
$db = $connection->selectDB('blog');
$posts = $db->post;
10
mongo.default_host = localhost
mongo.default_port = 27017
Saturday 18 August 2012

13. Connecting to ReplicaSet
If one of the servers is down, we’ll connect to
the next one
Auto-discovery of the RS topology
$connection = new Mongo('server1,server2',
array(‘replicaSet’ => ‘myReplicaSet’));
$db = $connection->selectDB('blog');
$posts = $db->post;
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14. Documents
Blog Post Document
$p1 = array("author" => "roger",
"date" => new MongoDate(),
"text" => "about mongoDB...",
"tags" => array('tech', 'databases'),
);
$posts->insert($p1);
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Saturday 18 August 2012

15. Silly Billy
No error check!
try {
$posts->insert($p1, array("safe" => true));
catch( Exception $e ) {
echo $e->getMessage(); /* ... */
}
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16. Querying
Note: _id is unique, but can be
anything you’d like
> db.posts.findOne()
> { _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"),
author : "roger",
date : "Sat Jul 24 2010 19:47:11",
text : "About MongoDB...",
tags : [ "tech", "databases" ] }
print_r($posts->findOne());
print_r($p1);
Array(
[_id] => MongoId Object(
[$id] => 4e9796764a18173a17000000
)
[author] => roger
[date] => MongoDate Object(
[sec] => 1318557302
[usec] => 581000
)
[text] => about mongoDB...
[tags] => Array(
[0] => tech
[1] => databases
)
)
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Saturday 18 August 2012

17. Querying
Note: _id is unique, but can be
anything you’d like
> db.posts.findOne()
> { _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"),
author : "roger",
date : "Sat Jul 24 2010 19:47:11",
text : "About MongoDB...",
tags : [ "tech", "databases" ] }
print_r($posts->findOne());
print_r($p1);
Array(
[_id] => MongoId Object(
[$id] => 4e9796764a18173a17000000
)
[author] => roger
[date] => MongoDate Object(
[sec] => 1318557302
[usec] => 581000
)
[text] => about mongoDB...
[tags] => Array(
[0] => tech
[1] => databases
)
)
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Saturday 18 August 2012

18. MongoId
An autogenerated primary key
$x = array("foo" => 1, "bar" => 2);
$db->baz->insert($x);
var_dump($x['_id']);
Result:
object(MongoId)#4 (1) {
["$id"]=> string(24) "4e9cc76a4a1817fd21000000"
}
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Saturday 18 August 2012

19. MongoId
An autogenerated primary key
object(MongoId)#4 (1) {
["$id"]=> string(24) "4e9cc76a4a1817fd21000000"
}
12bytes
4e9cc76a4a1817fd21000000
|------||----||--||----|
ts machine pid inc
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Saturday 18 August 2012

20. Update Operations
$set, $unset, $inc, $push, $pushAll,
$pull, $pullAll, $bit
$change = array('$push' =>
array('comments' =>
array(
'author' => 'Fred',
'created' => new MongoDate(),
'comment' => 'Best post ever!.'
)
)
);
$posts->update(array("_id" => $id), $change);
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Saturday 18 August 2012

21. Array(
[_id] => MongoId Object (
[$id] => 4e9796764a18173a17000000
)
[author] => roger
[comments] => Array(
[0] => Array(
[author] => Fred
[created] => MongoDate Object(
[sec] => 1318899392
[usec] => 176000
)
[comment] => Dumb post.
)
)
[date] => MongoDate Object(
[sec] => 1318557302
[usec] => 581000
)
[tags] => Array(
[0] => tech
[1] => databases
)
[text] => about mongoDB...
)
Nested Documents
{ _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"),
author : "roger",
date : ISODate("2012-08-13T11:11:00.294Z"),
text : "About MongoDB...",
tags : [ "tech", "databases" ],
comments : [
{
author : "Fred",
created : ISODate("2012-08-13T11:41:00.634Z"),
comment : "Best Post Ever!"
}
]
}
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Saturday 18 August 2012

22. Array(
[_id] => MongoId Object (
[$id] => 4e9796764a18173a17000000
)
[author] => roger
[comments] => Array(
[0] => Array(
[author] => Fred
[created] => MongoDate Object(
[sec] => 1318899392
[usec] => 176000
)
[comment] => Dumb post.
)
)
[date] => MongoDate Object(
[sec] => 1318557302
[usec] => 581000
)
[tags] => Array(
[0] => tech
[1] => databases
)
[text] => about mongoDB...
)
Nested Documents
{ _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"),
author : "roger",
date : ISODate("2012-08-13T11:11:00.294Z"),
text : "About MongoDB...",
tags : [ "tech", "databases" ],
comments : [
{
author : "Fred",
created : ISODate("2012-08-13T11:41:00.634Z"),
comment : "Best Post Ever!"
}
]
}
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Saturday 18 August 2012

23. Querying
$posts = $blog->find(array(
"author" => "Roger"));
$commentsByFred = $blog->find(array(
"comments.author" => "Fred"));
$commentsByFred = $blog->find(array(
"comments.author" =>
new MongoRegex("/fred/i")));
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Saturday 18 August 2012

24. It’s all about the $
$ instead of >, <, =, etc.
$gt, $gte, $lt, $lte, $eq, $neq, $exists,
$set, $mod, $where, $in, $nin, $inc
$push, $pull, $pop, $pushAll, $popAll
$c->find(array("x" => array('$gt' => 4)));
$c->find(array("x" => array(“$gt” => 4)));
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Saturday 18 August 2012

25. It’s all about the $
$ instead of >, <, =, etc.
$gt, $gte, $lt, $lte, $eq, $neq, $exists,
$set, $mod, $where, $in, $nin, $inc
$push, $pull, $pop, $pushAll, $popAll
$c->find(array("x" => array('$gt' => 4)));
$c->find(array("x" => array(“$gt” => 4)));
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Saturday 18 August 2012

26. Adjust the behavior
in php.ini or using ini_set()
php.ini
---------------
mongo.cmd = ":"
$c->find(array("x" => array(':gt' => 4)));
or
ini_set("mongo.cmd", ".");
$c->find(array("x" => array('.gt' => 4)));
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Saturday 18 August 2012

27. Indexing
$people->ensureIndex(array("age" => 1));
$people->ensureIndex(array(
"name" => -1,
"ts" => -1,
"comments.author" => 1
));
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28. More Indexing
// Index nested documents
$posts->ensureIndex( array("comments.author" => 1) )
$posts->find( array("comments.author" => "Fred") )
// Index on tags (multi-key index)
$posts->ensureIndex( array("tags" => 1 ) )
$posts->find( array("tags" => "tech") )
// geospatial index
$posts->ensureIndex( array("author.location" => "2d") )
$posts->find( array("author.location" =>
array( '$near' => array(22,42)));
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Saturday 18 August 2012

29. Cursors
$cursor = $c->find(array("foo" => "bar"))
foreach ($cursor as $id => $value) {
echo "$id: ";
var_dump( $value );
}
$a = iterator_to_array($cursor);
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30. Paging
$page_num = 3;
$results_per_page = 10;
$cursor = $results->find()
->sort(array("ts" => -1))
->skip($page_num * $results_per_page)
->limit($results_per_page);
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Saturday 18 August 2012

31. Rich Documents
{ _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"),
line_items : [ { sku: ‘tt-123’,
name: ‘Coltrane: Impressions’ },
{ sku: ‘tt-457’,
name: ‘Davis: Kind of Blue’ } ],
address : { name: ‘Banker’,
street: ‘111 Main’,
zip: 10010 },
payment: { cc: 4567,
exp: Date(2011, 7, 7) },
subtotal: 2355
}
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32. Libraries & Frameworks
• Doctrine MongoDB ODM
• Zend Framework
• Lithium
• Symfony2
• Kohana
• Drupal
• Yii
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33. Doctrine MongoDB ODM
• Provides full validation
• Seamless integration with Doctrine ORM
– Useful for hybrid solutions
• Follows same persistence model as Doctrine
• Uses a Document Manager & annotations
• Supports embedded and referenced objects
• Can use mongo’s query interface
• Supports in place updates
https://github.com/doctrine/mongodb-odm
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34. Grid FS
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35. Storing Files
Under 16mb
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36. Storing Big Files
>16mb stored in 16mb chunks
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37. Storing Big Files
Works with replicated
and sharded systems
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38. A better network FS
• GridFS files are seamlessly sharded & replicated.
• No OS constraints...
• No file size limits
• No naming constraints
• No folder limits
• Standard across different OSs
• MongoDB automatically generate the MD5 hash
of the file
Saturday 18 August 2012

39. Storing Files
$grid = $db->getGridFS();
// The file's location in the File System
$path = "/tmp/";
$filename = "movie.mp4";
// Note metadata field & filename field
$storedfile = $grid->storeFile($path . $filename, array
("metadata" => array("filename" => $filename), "filename" =>
$filename));
// Return newly stored file's Document ID
echo $storedfile;
Saturday 18 August 2012

40. Storing Data
$grid = $db->getGridFS();
$filename = "zelda.jpg";
$storedfile = $grid->storeBytes("ÿØÿÉ
€ ^@^PJFIF^@^A^A^A,^G^E^E^G,...",
array("metadata" => array("filename" =>
$filename),
"filename" => $filename));
Saturday 18 August 2012

41. Streaming Data
$gridFS = $db->getGridFS();
// Find image to stream
$image = $gridFS->findOne("zelda.jpg");
// Stream image to browser
header('Content-type: image/jpeg');
echo $image->getBytes();
Saturday 18 August 2012

42. PS: We’re hiring!! Contact us at
jobs@10gen.com
Questions?
download at
mongodb.org
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