2. Yarns
ïŹ Fibers are spun
together to make yarns
ïŹ The amount of âtwistâ in
the yarn produces
different characteristics:
â Low twist â make bulky,
soft and fuzzy fabrics
â Average twist â most
common
â High twist â make a very
smooth, shiny fabric
3. Blended Yarns
ïŹ Many yarns today are a combination of
natural and manufactured fabrics
ïŹ Get better performance, appearance and
lower prices
ïŹ Examples:
â Wool and acrylic â lower cost; acrylic does not
attract moths
â Cotton and polyester - cool, absorbent from
cotton; strong and wrinkle resistant from polyester
4. Making Fabric
ïŹ Two common methods:
weaving
and knitting
ïŹ Weaving â creates
woven fabrics
ïŹ Knitting â created by
looping yarns together
5. Weaving
ïŹ Two sets of yarns are
used
ïŹ Lengthwise or warp
yarns are the strongest
â Go up and down the
body in clothing
ïŹ Crosswise or filling
yarns are weaker
â Have more stretch, so go
across the body in
clothing
6. Three Basic Weaves
ïŹ Plain Weave
â One over, one under
â Strong, durable and easy
to sew
â Fabric names:
ïŹ Gingham
ïŹ Chambray
ïŹ Poplin
ïŹ Percale
ïŹ muslin
7. Basic Weaves
ïŹ Twill Weave
â A yarn passes or floats
over one or more yarns
in the same direction
â Very durable, resists
wrinkles and hides soil
â Fabric names:
ïŹ Gabardine
ïŹ Denim
ïŹ Flannel
ïŹ herringbone
8. Basic Weaves
ïŹ Satin Weave
â Made by floating a yarn
over four or more yarns,
then under one yarn
â Makes a very smooth,
shiny and drapable fabric
â Not durable â floats tend
to break or snag
â Fabric names:
ïŹ Satin
ïŹ Sateen
9. Knitted Fabrics
ïŹ One loop of yarn if pulled
through another loop
ïŹ Fabric is made on
computerized knitting
machines
ïŹ Most common knit is single
knit â used in t-shirts
ïŹ Fabric names:
â Double knit
â Jersey
â Velour
â Rib knit
10. Knitted Fabrics
ïŹ Very popular for
apparel
ïŹ Stretch makes knits
comfortable
ïŹ Wrinkle resistant
ïŹ Made from any fiber or
yarn
â Cotton knit
â Polyester knit
â Nylon knit