Ambient 2013: Persuasion Mobility in Ambient Intelligence
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Talk at the AMBIENT 2013 in Porto, October 3rd 2013
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Ambient 2013: Persuasion Mobility in Ambient Intelligence
- 1. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Persuasion Mobility in Ambient Intelligence Lukas Ruge, Andreas Schrader AMBIENT 2013 October 3rd 2013, Porto, Portugal Dipl.-Inf. Lukas Ruge ruge@itm.uni-luebeck.de Institute of Telematics, University of Lübeck, Germany
- 2. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Overview • Motivation • Current Technology • Persuasion Mobility • Summary October 10, 2013 2Persuasion Mobility
- 3. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Motivation Persuasive Technology “Software or information systems designed to reinforce, change or shape attitudes or behaviors or both without using coercion or deception.” H. Oinas-Kukkonen and M Harjumaa “Towards deeper understanding of persuasion in software and information systems” Persuasive Effect Increases: • At the right time • In the right place October 10, 2013 3Persuasion Mobility
- 4. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Motivation Persuasive Technology Why is persuasive technology relevant? • Helping people achieve their goals may generate valuable products. • Influencing users positively may reduce health care costs. • Users can also determine better how and why they are influenced. • … October 10, 2013 4Persuasion Mobility
- 5. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Motivation Ambient Persuasion • Using ubiquitous computing devices to persuade • Based on the ambient computing paradigm. • The network of smart devices in a smart environment allows for ambient persuasion Ambient persuasion: The use of context-aware, networked devices that enable context-sensitive behavior to deliver persuasive content. E. Aarts, P. Markopoulos, B. Ruyter “The Persuasiveness of Ambient Intelligence” October 10, 2013 5Persuasion Mobility
- 6. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Current Technology Persuasion with mobile devices/smart phones: Advantages • Constant Connection (SMS/Internet/…) • Access to sensors • Privacy • Reachability October 10, 2013 6Persuasion Mobility
- 7. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Current Technology Persuasion with mobile devices/smart phones: Disadvantages • No peripheral awareness • Handling not always appropriate • Limited range of actuation • Limited battery time October 10, 2013 7Persuasion Mobility
- 8. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Current Technology Persuasion in Ambient Environments: Advantages • Peripheral awareness • Fitting to the environment and situation • Everyday objects (user knows how to handle them) • Broader range of modalities October 10, 2013 8Persuasion Mobility
- 9. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Current Technology Persuasion in Ambient Environments: Disadvantages • Specific hardware unlikely to be commonplace • Depending on complete control over the infrastructure October 10, 2013 9Persuasion Mobility
- 10. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Persuasion Mobility Requirements of Ambient Persuasion: In any given smart environment : • Context-aware system* • Information being presented to the attention of the user ** • Information being comprehended ** • Selection of the appropriate strategy of persuasion (adaptation depending on context) *** What happens if the user changes from one environment to another? * Aarts et al. “The Persuasiveness Of Ambient Environments” 2007 ** Oinas Kukkonen et al. “Persuasive System Design: Key Issues, Process Model and System Features” 2009 *** M.C. Kaptein “Personalized Persuasion in Ambient Intelligence” 2012 October 10, 2013 10Persuasion Mobility
- 11. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Persuasion Mobility User Environment: The User Environment is defined as the surrounding of the user, it is rapidly changing and evolving as the user moves or as devices become available. Sensor: Able to sense a users’ actions and surroundings Actuator: Can evoke perceivable change October 10, 2013 11Persuasion Mobility
- 12. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Persuasion Mobility Persuasion Mobility: Persuasion Mobility is the act of persuasive software that is dynamically executing its appropriate strategies in the user environment utilizing available sensors and actors. Persuasion Mobility increases the potential persuasiveness of Ambient Intelligence by providing consistency of persuasion even if changes in the user environment occur. October 10, 2013 12Persuasion Mobility
- 13. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Persuasion Mobility Towards Mobile Ambient Persuasion: • Context Abstraction • Identification • Device Discovery • Device Capability Profiles • Unobtrusive Transfer of Device • Coordination of Actuation • Measurement of Success October 10, 2013 13Persuasion Mobility
- 14. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Persuasion Mobility Context Abstraction: Ambient Dynamix Ambient Dynamix is an ambient intelligence framework for Android- phones. It allows to connect to sensors and actuators dynamically using a plug-in infrastructure and allows to generate high-level context data. Using high-level context data, independence from the actual actuators and sensors is achieved. www.ambientdynamix.org October 10, 2013 14Persuasion Mobility
- 15. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Summary Future Work: • Exploring ways to realize these requirements. • Combined research with psychologists to evaluate the approach of mobile persuasion. • Researching how, in different environments, a message is impacted by the context of the presentation. • Long term: a middle ware framework for mobile devices that enables persuasion mobility. October 10, 2013 15Persuasion Mobility
- 16. Institut für Beispielsysteme | Forschungsgruppe SystembeispieleInstitute of Telematics | Ambient Computing Group Persuasion Mobility Thank you. Any Questions? October 10, 2013 16Persuasion Mobility
Hinweis der Redaktion
- In 2003 B.J Fogg coined the term Persuasive technology which has been described succinctly by Oinas-Kukkonen and colleagues as “Software or information systems designed to reinforce, change or shape attitudes or behaviors or both without using coercion or deception.” all kinds of technology can be persuasive since the definition just requires the intent at the moment of design. We are interested in digital technology and how it can maximize its persuasive effect. Two main factors have been described as relevant in maximizing persuasion in general, be it by technology or by person, and this would be to act in a persuasive manner at the right time and in the right place. This combination has been called “Kairos” after the Greek god of the favorable moment. One could also say, persuasion has to be attempted in the right context. Now, while all technology can be persuasive technology that is with us, in our environment and that we wont even notice unless it “intents” to communicate will clearly be more persuasive then technology like our PC at home, the box we are always aware of and that is not near us most of the time.
- Developing such technology can be of great importance for our future. Right now health care costs all over the world are increasing as the health of many people is decreasing. Sedentary, and thereby unhealthy, jobs in offices are more common, overweight and back issues are just some of the problems. Persuasive technology can increase the likelihood of people acting right, taking breaks, walking more, eating right and behaving more health in general. It can also be a tool in education or in other areas of the civil society. The hope is to increase positive behavior and decrease costs. Since users are not to be coerced or deceived persuasive technology, if done right, increases the control users have over how technology influences them.
- Aarts and Colleges have given persuasion in the smart space a name, the call it ambient persuasion. In this paradigm, which is based on the paradigm of ambient computing (which in term takes much of its influence from Mark Weisers Ubiquitous computing) persuasion is done by context aware, networked devices. Ambient Computing is a user centered approach to the use of ubiquitous, networked devices to generate applications in intelligent spaces that suit the users needs, fulfill services that where already needed. Some examples are “Ambient Assisted Living”, “Smart Offices” and “Smart Homes”. This means that these devices have an understanding of the where and the when and probably the how of their persuasive act. They are part of a smart environment and they deliver content to the user that is designed to persuade him or her.
- Currently the development in ambient persuasion can be divided into two groups. One group is the installation of persuasive technology into a fixed smart space, the other is using mobile devices. Persuasion on mobile devices (which today usually means smart phones) has certain advantages as it provides A device that is constantly connected to service providers like the healthcare provider or social networks from which data relevant to the persuasion can come Access to sensors which can infer local context, which increases the chances of persuading at the right time and in the right moment Privacy due to the size and nature of the device, which is usually owned and used by only one person Reachability as the user usually takes the phone with him/her, thus the user can be reached when the right time and place is.
- However, while the smart phone offers an interesting additional device it has, as an actuator in persuasive technology, certain disadvantages.