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Scales and Sustainability
1. 9th International Conference of Sociocybernetics
Space
Time
Space and Time scales of Human Perspective and Sustainability
Tools for modeling daily life dynamics
Luciano GallĂłn ( l.gallon@ieee.org )
Colombia EspaĂąa
Urbino, 2009.07.03
2. Agenda
⢠Context, Definitions, Questions
â Space and Time Scales
â Better & Worse & Faster
â DIKUW Hierarchy
â Complicated & Mundane & Complexity
â Social media and synchronization
⢠From apathy to flow
⢠Discussion
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 2 de 24
3. Context
⢠Observer
â Electronics Engineer (1993)
â MSc Management of Technology (2004)
â PhD Sustainability (2010 planed)
⢠Re-search
â Part of theory framework for the PhD Thesis
âRegional Sustainability Model, System
Dynamics to fight poverty in South Americaâ
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 3 de 24
4. Definitions (askoxford.com)
⢠Scale (Latin scala)
â a graduated range of values forming a standard
system for measuring or grading something
⢠Space (Latin spatium)
â the dimensions of height, depth, and width within
which all things exist and move
⢠Time (Latin tempus)
â the indefinite continued progress of existence and
events in the past, present, and future, regarded as
a whole
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 4 de 24
5. Questions
⢠What relationship can be found between
â the scales of space and time of
⢠the human perspective
⢠the sustainability
â and the dynamics of
⢠the ânewâ social media technologies?
⢠It helps to understand the behavior of
â social systems
â humans?
⢠Is it related to sustainable development?
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 5 de 24
6. References (Main)
⢠Russell ACKOFF
â USA, 1919.02.12 -
⢠Robert COSTANZA
â USA, 1950.09.14 -
⢠Dennis MEADOWS
â USA, 1942 -
⢠Donella "Dana" MEADOWS
â USA, 1941.03.13 - 2001.02.20
⢠Aurelio PECCEI
â Italia, 1908.07.04 - 1984.03.14
⢠Mihaly CSIKSZENTMIHALYI
â Fiume, Italy - now Croatia
â A Hungarian emigrated to the USA,
1934.09.29 -
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 6 de 24
7. Space and Time Scales
Human Perspectives
World
Race,
Nation
Space
Business,
City,
Neighborhood
Family
Next Next Childrenâs
lifetime
week few yeas lifetime
Time
Figure 1. Human Perspectives.
The majority of the worldâs people are concerned with matters that affect only family or friends over a short period
of time. Only a very few people have a global perspective that extends far into the future. (Meadows et al, 1972).
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 7 de 24
8. Space and Time Scales
Sustainability
â
âBrittleâ Systems Expected
life span
Longevity:
System Sustainable Systems across
a range of Time and Space Scales
Life Spam
Unsustainable Systems
0
Cell Organism Population Economic system Planet
Space and Time Scale
Figure 2. Sustainability as scale (time and space) dependent concept.
Indicates this relationship by plotting a hypothetical curve of system life expectancy (Longevity)
on the y axis vs. time and space scale on the x axis. (Costanza & Patten, 1995).
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 8 de 24
9. Better & worse & faster
⢠We live in a time in which
â the human perspective
â the sustainability
⢠have evolutionary processes with dynamics in
â position
â direction
â speed
â acceleration
⢠in scales of space and time
â beyond the human perception and experience
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 9 de 24
10. Better & worse & faster
⢠Now
â it is not the change that matters
â not even its velocity
â the problem is its acceleration
⢠There is a law that try to explain that
â The Law of accelerating returns
â by Ray Kurzweil
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 10 de 24
11. DIKUW Hierarchy
Context
Wisdom
independence
Laws
Understanding
Principles
Knowledge
Patterns
Information
Relationships
Data
Discovery
level
Figure 3. Data Information Knowledge Understanding and Wisdom (DIKUW) Hierarchy.
Following Bellinger et al (2002) and Betts (2003).
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 11 de 24
12. Complicated & Mundane & Complexity
Complicated-Complexity
border
Context
independence
Wisdom
Complicated
Laws
Understanding
Principles Mundane-Complexity
Knowledge border
Patterns
Information Mundane
Relationships
Data
Discovery
Figure 4. DIKUW Hierarchy and Complexity.
level
Following Bellinger et al (2002) and Betts (2003).
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 12 de 24
13. Social media and
synchronization
⢠How to explain the symptoms of well-
being and discomfort caused by the
emerging social media technologies?
â By the type and degree of synchronization
between observer and observed system
space and time scales
⢠New social media is based on
interactivity
â some advanced sort of synchronization
emergent capability
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 13 de 24
14. Flow
Anxiety
High
Flow
Challenges
Boredom
Apathy
Low
Low High
Skills
Figure 5. The âFlowâ channel.
(Farmer, 1999)
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 14 de 24
15. Daily life activities
High
Arousal Flow
Learning Favorite
Anxiety activity
Working
Studying
Worry Control
Challenges Hassles Driving
Apathy Relaxation
TV Boredom Reading
Eating
Chores
Low
Low High
Skills
Figure 6 + 7. Feelings of daily life dynamics + activities.
(Farmer, 1999)
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 15 de 24
16. Flow and Complexity
High
Complicated
Differentiation Flow
Mundane
Low
Low High
Integration
Figure 8. Flow and Complexity.
(Bellinger, 2004)
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 16 de 24
17. From apathy to flow
Flow
Complicated
- Worry Wisdom
- Anxiety
- Arousal Laws
Context
Understanding
independence
Challenges Principles
Differentiation Knowledge
Patterns Mundane
- Boring
Information
- Relaxation
- Control
Relationships
Data
Discovery level
Apathy
Skills
Integration
Figure 9. DIKUW Hierarchy and Flow Channel fusion.
(Following Bellinger et al (2002; 2004), Betts (2003) and Farmer (1999)
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 17 de 24
18. Discussion
⢠Alternative activities to Apathetic situations
â Autotelic: the ones people do for its own sake
because to experience it is the main goal
â Exotelic: the ones motivated by an outside goal
⢠The question is
â the space and time scales of human perspective
depends on autotelic capabilities, or
â autotelic capabilities are the ones that define the
space and time scales of human perspective?
⢠Either one or another
â new social media seems to enhance the perspective
via the autotelic side
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 18 de 24
19. Discussion
⢠Key scales for sustainability seems to be
â Time: childrenâs lifetime
â Space: world (i.e., the planet Earth)
⢠on the first and second order
⢠Key human activities to reach them as a
ânormalâ human perspective depend on
â autotelic capabilities
⢠It could be argued that
â exotelic mediated development is not sustainable
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 19 de 24
20. Discussion
⢠So the problem here is that
â the first order approach tells us that
⢠space and time scales
⢠are changing in the observed system
⢠while
â a second order approach tells us that
⢠for the majority of humans
⢠observer capabilities are not changing
⢠not only for will but because inherent system capabilities
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 20 de 24
21. Discussion
⢠When Scott (2002) indentifies the
sociocyberneticians human perspectives as
â ones with an agreement on problems faced
⢠as global
⢠to be tackled holistically
â addressing both
⢠the first-order complexity of interconnected observed
systems and
⢠the second-order complexities of communities of observers
⢠the call is for
â a DIKUW Hierarchy plus Flow Channel based, new
social media mediated, sustainability revolution
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 21 de 24
22. Open discussion
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 22 de 24
23. A final thought
⢠Every minute of this presentation (even every minute of
this conference!)
â Population on âdevelopedâ countries added 4 more humans to
planet Earth
â Population on âdevelopingâ countries added 152 more
humans to planet Earth
â Humans on planet Earth today: 6,800,000,000
â Humans on planet Earth in one year: 7,000,000,000 ?
Source http://www.prb.org/Articles/2008/WorldPopulationClock2008.aspx
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 23 de 24
24. Thank you !
Luciano Gallon / RC51 / 9thICS / Urbino / 2009 24 de 24