The document presents research on using anammox bacteria to remove nitrogen from dairy wastewater in constructed wetlands. The objectives were to enrich anammox bacteria in phase I and seed wetland systems in phase II. Two filter systems with different media sizes were built and showed no significant difference in total nitrogen removal. Ammonia and nitrite decreased while nitrate accumulated over time, indicating partial nitrification and anammox activity. More data is needed to better understand the nitrogen removal processes.

1. Group Members Jing Wang Larry Hill Lynn Metcalf “ A Novel Process for Biological Nitrogen Removal from Dairy Wastewater in Constructed Wetlands”

2. “ A Novel Process for Biological Nitrogen Removal from Dairy Wastewater in Constructed Wetlands” U.S. EPA P3 Program: A National Student Design Competition for Sustainability Focusing on People, Prosperity, and the Planet Funded by SUNY - ESF Faculty Advisors Wendong Tao, Stewart Diemont, James Hassett - Department of Environmental Resources and Forest Engineering at SUNY-ESF “ Sustainability in the developed and developing world requires scientific and technical innovations to create designs that enable the Earth and its inhabitants to prosper. The Expo and the EPA’s P3 Award are demonstrating the possibilities of innovative designs to simultaneously benefit people, prosperity, and the planet.” http://www.esf.edu/erfeg/tao/P3.html

4. Objectives Phase I – Anammox Enrichment Phase II – Seeded Treatment Wetland Seed wetland treatment systems with bacteria from phase I + Remove ammonia from dairy wastewater using partial nitrification and anammox Build and operate two biofilters to cultivate anammox bacteria + Compare effectiveness of two different filter media sizes for ammonia removal

8. Influent storage Effluent Influent application Sampling ports Pump Baffle Filter media (marble) Photo courtesy of Dr. Wendong Tao: Faculty of Environmental Resources and Forest Engineering at SUNY ESF

9. Marble Substrate Small Substrate Large Substrate

10. Close up Pumps Influent tub Foil to block UV light

11. Equipment D.O. Meter Temp/pH/ORP Meter

12. Sampling and Data Acquisition Take Samples From: Remaining Influent Effluent Wells Fresh Influent At Sample Locations Measure: Dissovled Oxygen pH Temperature Oxidation Reduction Potential From Samples Determine Concentrations of: Ammonium (NH 4 + ) Nitrite (NO 2 - ) Nitrogen Oxides (NO x )

13. Influent Constituents Trace Element Solution 1: DisodiumEDTA-Dihydrate FeSO 4 .7H 2 O Trace Element Solution 2: ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O CoCl 2 .6H 2 O MnCl 2 .4H 2 O CuSO 4 .5H 2 O Na 2 MoO 4 .2H 2 O NiCl 2 .6H 2 O Na 2 SeO 4 .10H 2 O H 3 BO 3 Influent Solution: NH 4 Cl NaNO 2 NaHSO 3 NaHCO 3 KH 2 PO 4 MgSO 4 .7H 2 O CaCl 2 2H 2 O

19. Ammonia

20. Nitrite

21. NO x -

22. Nitrate Accumulation

23. TN

27. Related Journal Articles O. Shipin, T. Koottatep, N.T.T. Khanh, and C. Polprasert; “Integrated natural treatment systems for developing communities: low-tech N-removal through the fluctuating microbial pathways”; Water Science & Technology VOL 51 No 12 p.299-306 Zequin Dong and Tieheng Sun; “A potential new process for improving nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands – Promoting coexistence of partial-nitrification and ANAMMOX”; Ecological Engineering 31 (2007) p.69-78