This document provides instructions for students on how to summarize sources and cite them in MLA style. It begins by outlining the goals of being able to comprehend readings, identify source types, and paraphrase authors' ideas. It then defines three types of sources - print, non-print, and electronic - and provides examples of each. Students are guided through citing examples of books, newspaper articles, websites, videos, and dictionaries. They are asked to practice citing sources on their own and submit the works cited via email. The purpose is to teach efficient research and citation skills needed for college-level writing.

1. E S L 5 1
G L O R I A W A R D , A S S I S T A N T P R O F E S S O R O F E S L A T
N O R T H E R N V I R G I N I A C O M M U N I T Y C O L L E G E –
A L E X A N D R I A

2. PURPOSE
• In ESL 51 and in many college classes beyond ESL 51, students write about
a variety of topics and are expected to formulate opinions on the topics about
which they write.
• Additionally, college students are expected to be able to support their
opinions with logical arguments and strong evidence.
• To do this successfully, students need to be efficient researchers and good
readers because in order to formulate and/or strengthen their own opinions
on these topics, students have to be able to locate appropriate sources, read
and understand these sources, and then selectively incorporate those
sources in their own writing.
• During much of the semester, students read articles assigned by the
professor and summarize the authors‟ ideas. However, as the semester
progresses, students will be asked to research and cite sources
independently.
RESOURCES:
Use your Concise Wadsworth Handbook 3rd or 4th edition throughout this activity
to help learn more about MLA style.
Use the NOVA Library „s guide by clicking here
http://nova.libguides.com/MLACitationStyle

3. GOALS
To effectively summarize an author’s ideas, students need to be able to
 #1) comprehend the reading
 #2) correctly identify the type of source the reading and cite it MLA style
 #3) and paraphrase the author‟s words.
During the second half of the semester, students will eventually research a
topic and use a variety of sources to learn as much as possible about
the topic. Therefore, it is important to learn how to cite a variety of
sources right away.
The purpose of this PowerPoint is to help you accomplish goal #2. above.

4. THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF SOURCES
 Print
 Non-print
 Electronic

5. PRINT
See Concise Wadsworth Handbook 3rd edition pp. 395-396 for types of print
sources.
List five different types of print sources.
1) An article in a newspaper
2)
3)
4)
5)

6. CITING PRINT SOURCES – AN EXAMPLE
We will cite this book first.
What information, according to the Concise Wadsworth Handbook 3rd
edition page 408 or the
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/06 /do we need for citing
a book by one author?
1) Author’s name
 Who is the author of this book?
 What is the author‟s family name?
 What is the author‟s given name?
2) Title of book, italicized
 What is the title of this book?

7. CITING PRINT SOURCES – AN EXAMPLE
3) City of publication
 In what city was this book published?
4) Publisher’s name
 Who is the publisher of this book?
5) Year of publication
 In what year was this book published?
6) Publication medium (print).
 For print sources, the medium is always
print.

8. CITING PRINT SOURCES – AN EXAMPLE
The citation for this book:
Bosmajian, Haig. Burning Books. Jefferson (NC): McFarland
& Company, Inc., 2006. Print.
Notice that the second line is indented.

9. PRACTICE CITING PRINT SOURCES
Now it’s your turn to practice!
 I‟ve got a selection of books in the classroom.
 Choose two books and type citations for each of them in a new Microsoft
Word document.
 Save your work as Last Name Works Cited Practice (ex: Ward Works
Cited Practice).
 You will have 3 sources when you have added these two citations, including
the citation for the book by Bosmajian.
 At the end of this PowerPoint, you will email me your work.
 See the next slide to see how your work should look.

10. WORKS CITED – THE PRACTICE EXERCISES
Lori Ward
Professor Gloria Ward
ESL 51-6A
September 3, 2013
Works Cited Practice-D1
Works Cited
Bosmajian, Haig. Burning Books. Jefferson (NC): McFarland & Company, Inc., 2006. Print.
When you send me your works cited practice, your paper
should be formatted like mine. You will have 3 sources listed
in alphabetical order.

11. ELECTRONIC SOURCES
See Concise Wadsworth Handbook 3rd edition pp. 397-398 for types of
electronic sources.
List five different types of electronic sources.
1) An article in a newspaper
2)
3)
4)
5)

12. CITING ELECTRONIC SOURCES – AN EXAMPLE
1) We will cite this source. You will have to click on the link to be able to do this activity. Keep two
windows open at the same time.
 http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2010/09/10/f-book-burning-timeline.html
2) What type of source is this?
a) An entire website
b) A document within a website
c) An article in a magazine or newspaper
3) What information, according to the
Concise Wadsworth Handbook 3rd edition
(pp. 416-419)
or the
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/08/
do we need for citing this type of source?

13. CITING ELECTRONIC SOURCES – AN EXAMPLE
http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2010/09/10/f-book-burning-timeline.html
1) Author’s name
 Who is the author of this article?
 What is the author‟s family name? Given name?
2) Title of article, in quotation marks.
 What is the title of this article?
3) Name of website, in italics.
 What is the name of this website?
4) Sponsor of site
 Who is the sponsor of this site?
5) Date of publication
 What is the date of publication of this article?
6) Publication medium
 All electronic sources will be cited as “web.”
7) Date of access
 What is today‟s date? That‟s the date of access.

14. CITING ELECTRONIC SOURCES – AN EXAMPLE
The citation for this source:
Schwartz, Daniel. “The Books Have Been Burning.”
CBC News. CBC Radio Canada, 22 Jun. 2011.
Web. 4 Apr. 2012.

15. PRACTICE CITING ELECTRONIC SOURCES
Now it’s your turn to practice!
 Cite this source:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2010/sep/10/book-burning-quran-history-
nazis
 Type the citation and add it to your work.
 If you haven‟t already done so, save your work as Last Name Works Cited
Practice (ex: Ward Works Cited Practice).
 At the end of this PowerPoint, you will email me your work.

16. ELECTRONIC SOURCES – ONLINE DATABASES, P. 398
The NOVA Library subscribes to many databases and the one we will look at today
is Opposing Viewpoints. To get to this database, follow these steps:
1) Go to http://www.nvcc.edu/academics/library/index.html
2) Click on Articles and More
3) Click on Recommended Databases
4) Click on Opposing Viewpoints
5) Once you get to the Opposing Viewpoints site,
you can research any controversial topic.
6) To cite articles from Opposing Viewpoints follow the
steps on page 420 OR you can copy paste.
7) Click on the link below and cite the article – add
the citation to your work and save it.
http://ic.galegroup.com.ezproxy.vccs.edu:2048/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/View
pointsDetailsWindow?failOverType=&query=&prodId=OVIC&windowstate=normal
&contentModules=&mode=view&displayGroupName=Viewpoints&limiter=&currPa
ge=&disableHighlighting=false&displayGroups=&sortBy=&source=&search_within
_results=&action=e&catId=&activityType=&scanId=&documentId=GALE%7CEJ30
10113422&userGroupName=viva2_nvcc&jsid=857de6187f2556fab57b79c80985d2
5

17. ELECTRONIC SOURCES – CITING YOUTUBE VIDEOS
There is no exact rule for citing YouTube videos. Purdue OWL has
recommended the following:
Author‟s Name or Poster‟s Username. “Title of Image or Video.” Media Type
Text. Name of Website. Name of Website‟s Publisher, date of posting.
Medium. date retrieved.
Example:
Shimabukuro, Jake. "Ukulele Weeps by Jake Shimabukuro." Online video
clip.YouTube. YouTube, 22 Apr. 2006. Web. 9 Sept. 2010.
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/18/

18. PRACTICE CITING YOUTUBE VIDEOS
Cite ONE of the following videos by clicking on the links:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oEldl8eL_kc
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s4_j4c7Bop0

19. ELECTRONIC SOURCES – CITING ONLINE DICTIONARIES
Again, MLA does not specifically state how to cite online dictionaries, but they
have recommended the following:
EXAMPLE:
"Perchloric acid." The American Heritage® Stedman’s Medical Dictionary. Boston:
Houghton Mifflin Company, 1995. Dictionary.com. Web. 13 Dec. 2010.
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/18/

20. PRACTICE CITING ONLINE DICTIONARIES
Look up “censorship” on http://dictionary.reference.com/ and then cite it.

21. WORKS CITED PRACTICE
Send me an electronic copy of your works cited practice.
You should have 8 sources – see slides 8, 9, 14, 15, 16 18 and 20.
They must be listed in alphabetical order.
(http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/12/)
Follow these directions:
 Log on to Blackboard and go to our course site.
 Click on Communication.
 Click on Send Email.
 Click on All Instructor Users
 In the Subject box, type Works Cited Practice
 Scroll down a little and click on Attach a File.
 Click on Browse. Locate your work (hopefully you saved it to the desktop).
 Click on your work.
 Click Submit and I should receive your work.

22. END