7. Data: Monolingual Signs Monolingual signs 55 English only 53 Arabic only (English alphabet) 2 Spanish only 0
8. Data: Multilingual Signs Multilingual signs 27 English and Arabic 24 English and Spanish 2 English, Arabic, and Spanish 1
9. Data: Translation and Transliteration Translated 11 Transliterated 7 Foreign language says something different than English 10
10. Data: Relative Font Size Same font size 5 English larger 13 Arabic larger 7 Spanish larger 2
11.
12.
13.
14.
Hinweis der Redaktion
For my landscape, I chose to model my research after Cenoz and Gorter’s study
English as the official language, meaning that all signs must have English. However, the difference lies in the prominence of each language and its function on the sign.
So, for my research questions I explored:
No translation or transliteration: English text used as an addition to the sign
Top left: Spanish restaurant: font in Spanish larger than English; not translated Right middle: Arab pastry shop: Arabic font larger than English; however, all text translated or transliterated into English Bottom left: Hookah lounge: Name of lounge not translated nor transliterated