Software Engineering, Lectures

1. SE-381
Software Engineering
BEIT-V
Lecture no. 1

2. SE-381 Software Engineering
• Course Profile
• Integrated Approach to Software Engineering
– A Class Project will be incrementally developed by applying the
techniques as these are read
– 6 Unannounced, surprise Quizzes – all to be considered
• From handouts given and from text covered since last quiz
• NO Repeats, NO Choices, ZERO-credit for Cheating/plagiarism
– 3 Assignments and few mini-assignments (for compensation)
• Individual Assignments so ‘individual’ effort expected
– Group Project
• 2 Presentations
– One before Mid-term and other before End-term
– Formal Dressing, English, well timed out, in-depth content coverage
• Handing in of group project deliverables: Project Plan, Analysis,
Design, Testing, Implementation and Final working version of Project
– Mid term and Final Exams
• Mid-term from course prior to Mid and Final exam from full
course

3. HHI – Human Human Interface
• Class Discipline
– No
• Gossip, whispering or ringing mobiles, exchanging messages
• Eating or chewing during class
• late arrivals and no early departures
• late submissions of assignments and projects
• Clustering or Pressure groups especially to hinder academics
– Attendance only of those who attend and are in time
– Deadlines to be respected religiously – A MUST in Sw Industry.
– Class decorum – few protocols and symbols;
• Miss-understandings or ‘ponies’, Hold-on, U me and Q, Late Arrivals –
‘thanks’ for coming
– CR to take the handouts and organise for extra classes, if any
• Good Grades
– Need 100% Class Attendance
– 100% attention during lecture – listen and take notes
– Understand Semester System and start working from day – One
– Lecture Transparencies are the lecturing aid, NOT for
reproduction in exam

4. HHI Continued…
• Good Grades!!
– Ask promptly if confused or not understanding
– More effort outside the Class – extra reading at home,
practice, benefit from referenced sources and Internet
– Please ask and clarify if you are confused, it can help
you and others, and can save many of us from later
embarrassment (s)
– In exams, read and understand questions, reply what
is asked
• Suggestions/feedback welcome – it helps to improve
• Teaching is a Social activity and needs two-way
communication / contribution, not possible without
knowing each other well
– Myself
– Would like to know about yourself – Student Profile – will be
dealt as ‘confidential’

5. Computerization – All around
• Public Services being computerized for low cost
and high output
• Public Sector offices – Efficiency, Data Sharing,
Security etc. For example NADRA data being
shared by Passport Offices, Immigration Dept,
Min of Interiors – Arms Licenses, Election
Commission, Bureau of Statistics, Banks eg
ACBL etc
• Businesses - for Customer satisfaction, better
management, transparency and low pilferage
• Scientific, Engineering and Technology setups –
to address complexity, refinement, optimal and
efficient solutions

9. Businesses

10. Some Examples of Software
– Embedded Systems – Mobile phone of the
day, MAX V8 MP6 Player
– Medical Diagnostic Systems, MRI, CT SCAN,
Digitized X-Rays
– Inventory Control and Business Systems
– Web based systems, www.mustakbil.com
(650 K CVs, 300-400K daily hits, and 150-
200K daily mailshots; prev the largest, now
2nd largest), www.rozi.com the largest jobs
site of Pakistan as per Nov 2009
– Information systems backed by Google Earth
and GIS www.dhakacitymap.com

11. Hydroponics'
Agriculture Farm

12. Hydroponics’ Agriculture Farm
• 5 Acre Land, Near Rawat, off GT Road
• 7 Million US$ investment – in 2005
• All machinery imported from Holland and
installed by the local team in the
supervision of experts from abroad
• 20-25 people – Matriculates and DAE
holders – locally educated youth with
extensive training in its installation and
operations

14. Hydroponics Agriculture Farm -
Outputs
• Capable of producing
– 2 tons of high quality tomatoes or other vegetables a
day or 700 tons per annum
• Marketing
– 65% top quality exported to EU, 30% 2nd grade to
Dubai and rest to Metro Islamabad (at the rate of Rs
70 per Kg and Metro sells these tomatoes @ Rs 120
or more to public) – as per Feb 2010 market prices
– Tomatoes clusters are sold at higher price
– Other vegetables like special quality sweet pepper is
much more costly and can grow to a weight of 250
grams per pepper

15. Metaphor ?
• Front end
• The way we see it, or it interacts with the users

16. • Back end
• In case of Hydroponics, no soil is used for growing
plants, plants are nourished by the nutrients fed to
the plants in liquid form. The excess nutrients are
drained out, their contents measured,
compensated by adding required chemicals and
re-fed to the plants
• Oxygen, fresh air, temperature, humidity, sunlight,
Carbon dioxide etc are all measured, monitored
and controlled automatically
• Rain water is mainly used as solvent for the supply
of these nutrients, it is mixed with ground water to
get appropriate Ph level
• In case plants need CO2 then in a boiler CO2 is
prepared and respective stream is fed

17. IT - the Brain
• Whole system from monitoring of external temp,
pressure, humidity, wind velocity and direction etc
to nutrients chemical analysis, plants demand, and
internal temp, pressure, humidity conditions etc are
all monitored
• Suggestions for opening of different valves, vents,
movement of actuators and sun-sheilds etc are
given to operators of the system
• Reports for different controls and inputs and
outputs are generated
• All attributes from water level in tanks, to produce
per plant and per Green house are recorded
• In ‘Auto’ mode all these controls could be carried
out automatically, and in ‘Manual’ mode data for
decision making is provided and desired actions
are suggested

18. Mini-Assignment
What software or IT-artifact has fascinated
you the most? Write down the reasons for
you fascination, how useful it is to yourself
and general public, and guess what
technologies have been used in its
development and how much effort might
have gone into it for its development.
Please hand it in on August 22, 2011 (Monday) in
hand written form, no more than 03 pages.

19. A Retention Exercise

20. • On provided A5 sheet,
– Please write a 6 lettered code (of your own
choice) and
– On the other side draw the sketch of Faizabad
Chowk, mentioning all the roads coming into
and emanating from it.
• Hand it over in 10 minutes
Start Time: _______ End Time: ______

21. Purpose : How brain works?

22. • Human brain
– Categorizes things differently, as per their
retrieval needs
• The one that are not important are stored and lost,
or these are stored from where these are never
retrieved and
• The ones that are Important are stored so that they
can be easily retrieved when required
• The scenario that was portrayed
– Has been watched by all of you many times
but you never thought that it will be ever
asked,
– Probably now! You will look at Faizabad
Chowk differently

23. – For example, reading an article for
• Fun sake
• Examination and
• Teaching it to others
Will be processed differently, by the brain
– For the last choice it will pay maximum
attention and handle it with utmost care. If
needed, it will instruct you to read, re-read
and re-re-read different parts unless these are
clearly understood and appropriately stored
for retrieval and reproduction before the class
– Before moving further, let’s analyze how brain
comprehends and makes the judgment

24. Comprehension and Judgment
• It is a three phased process
(a) Listening
(b) Processing (integration and Analysis)
(c) Judgment
• Pictorially
Listening Processing Judgment

25. Beware!
• Human mind
– Concentrates on what is ‘Important’ and
ignores what is ‘not important’
– Understands and judges matters strictly in
the laid out order i.e.
• Listening is Pre-requisite for processing, otherwise
it will be processing without factual information,
and
• Making a judgment without ‘Processing’ or proper
synthesis will be a pre-mature judgment

26. Human Mind
– Will be most productive, if the information is
• Completely and carefully listened
• Thoroughly processed or synthesized with already
retained and known information, and then
• Judgment is made
• Thus

27. For Best Results
• From this SE course
(1) Make an intention that you have to use and
teach, the read information, to others
(2) Pay 100% (yes 100%) attention to what is
being taught, any disruption will lead to loss of
information and hence will compromise
learning
(3) Read the referred chapters and given
hand outs, it is a MUST
(4) Revise occasionally to ensure maximum
retention

30. Reading Assignment
1. Ch-1 Problems and Prospects, pp 3-22
From Douglas Bell (2005); Software Engineering for
Students; Pearson Education Limited
2. Ch-1 Introduction, pp 1-20
From Pankaj Jalote (2005); An Integrated Approach to
Software Engineering; 3rd Edition, Narosa
Publishing House, New Delhi,
(Please read through these chapters, try to
understand the theme behind the text, and note
down the terminology)

31. Worthwhile Projects
• Video Clips
– From KSA (3)
– From Korea (1)
– From Pakistan (1) and
– From Germany (n)
• Comprehension and Retention Test