California Smog Check Program Overview
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This document provides an overview and instructions for California's Smog Check Program training module. It begins with an introduction to the program and contents of the training. It then covers the Bureau of Automotive Repair, reasons for the Smog Check program including health effects of smog, sources of air pollution in California, and types of vehicle emissions tested. The document dedicates sections to describing the Smog Check overview, including requirements, areas, and inspections. It concludes with an overview of inspection procedures and reporting results.
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California Smog Check Program Overview
- 1. This module provides general information about the Smog Check Program and inspection procedures. It is not all inclusive and does not replace or supersede any applicable Smog Check or Automotive Repair Act laws and regulations. This presentation focuses on gasoline-powered vehicles. For more information on testing diesel vehicles and other topics, refer to the Resources tab above. California Smog Check Program (Module 1)
- 2. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions This training module has been designed to provide total user flexibility interface. You can: • View the entire program in a sequential mode by using the blinking Start/Stop button at the bottom center of the screen • Use the upper tab to select certain portions of the training exercise • Select an individual slide or topic from the list located on the left side of the screen • Access a tutorial, glossary, reference manuals, materials, and resources at any time by clicking on these items located in the top bar of this presentation How to Use This Training Tool
- 3. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions • Introduction • Smog Check Overview • Inspection Procedures • Smog Check Inspection Video Contents
- 4. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions The Bureau of Automotive Repair (BAR) is charged in law with implementation and oversight of the Smog Check Program. • BAR licenses stations and inspectors who perform Smog Check Inspections and/or repairs • BAR certifies inspection equipment, and oversees industry compliance with Smog Check Program laws and regulations • BAR, with help from Air Resources Board (ARB), establishes emissions standards for vehicles • BAR, with help from ARB, analyzes Smog Check Program compliance with state and federal performance requirements Bureau of Automotive Repair
- 5. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions The Smog Check Program is a major component of the State of California’s ongoing efforts to reduce air pollution caused by emissions from cars and trucks. According to the California Air Resources Board (ARB), the Program is responsible for removing approximately 400 tons of smog-forming pollutants from California’s air every day. Why Smog Check?
- 6. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions • The word smog is derived from two words: smoke and fog. Smog is produced by vehicular and industrial emissions • Photochemical Smog is the result of the chemical reaction of sunlight, Nitrogen Oxides (NOₓ) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere • This chemical reaction results in poor air quality What is Smog?
- 7. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions Ground Level Ozone (O3) is a by-product of the reaction between Hydrocarbons (HC), Nitrogen Oxides (NOₓ), and sunlight. Both HC and NOₓ are components of vehicle exhaust. Ozone can: • Irritate the respiratory system • Worsen the effects of asthma and bronchitis • Reduce the body’s ability to fight off bacterial infections in the respiratory system • Inflame and damage the lining of the lungs and reduce lung function • Aggravate chronic lung diseases, such as emphysema What is Ozone (O3)
- 8. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions • Despite significant success in improving air quality in California, air pollution continues to be a serious public health problem • Health-based ambient air quality standards, which include standards for pollutants such as ozone and particulate matter, are set by the Air Resources Board • Long-term exposure to these pollutants may lead to serious health effects, such as cancer, even when the exposure level is low • Both air pollutants and toxic air contaminants are measured statewide to monitor the success of programs, such as the Smog Check Program, in improving air quality Health Effects of Smog
- 9. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions Sources of California Air Pollution Data compiled from the most recent California Air Resources Board's Emissions Inventory report. ** Residential fuel combustion, farming operations, construction, road dust, wind- blown dust, fires, waste burning, utility equipment and other miscellaneous processes.
- 10. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions Hydrocarbons (HC): HC emissions from a vehicle are unburned fuel. High levels of HC emissions may indicate incomplete fuel combustion. Low engine compression also can produce high HC tailpipe emissions. The Smog Check Program measures HC in parts per million (PPM). Motor Vehicle Emissions Carbon Monoxide (CO): CO is a colorless, odorless gas that can be fatal. CO emissions are often the by-product of an overly rich fuel mixture. The Smog Check Program measures CO as a percent (%) of vehicle exhaust volume.
- 11. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions Nitrogen Oxide (NOₓ)is an odorless gas that contributes to smog. Excessive combustion chamber temperatures are the primary cause of NOx, which could be caused by: • Lean air/fuel mixture • Advanced ignition timing • Carbon buildup in the combustion chamber • Malfunctioning Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) • Malfunctioning engine cooling system The Smog Check Program measures NOx in parts per million (PPM). Motor Vehicle Emissions
- 12. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions This section discusses the requirements of the Smog Check Program, including requirements for testing, licensing and program areas. • Vehicles Subject to Smog Check Program • Smog Check Program Areas • When is a Smog Check Required? • Licensed Inspector Requirements • Licensed Station Requirements • Smog Check Station Types • Inspection Requirements by Program Area Smog Check Overview
- 13. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions • Gasoline powered vehicles: 1976 and newer model years No GVWR limit • Alternative fuel vehicles (Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Flex Fuel powered vehicles): Over 14,000 GVWR • Diesel powered vehicles: 1998 and newer model years 14,000 GVWR and less Vehicles Subject to the Smog Check Program
- 14. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions Smog Check Program Areas This section covers the three geographic areas of the Smog Check Program: • Enhanced • Basic • Change of Ownership These areas determine when a Smog Check is required and the type of inspection required.
- 15. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions Enhanced and Basic Areas Biennially (every other year) as part of registration renewal for vehicles that are more than six model-years old Upon change of ownership of vehicles that are more than four model-years old • Exemption does not apply to diesel powered vehicles Upon initial registration of a vehicle in California Change of Ownership Areas Upon change of ownership of vehicles that are more than four model-years old • Exemption does not apply to diesel powered vehicles Upon initial registration of a vehicle in California When is a Smog Check Required?
- 16. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions To become a licensed Smog Check Inspector, the candidate must: • Meet minimum experience requirements • Meet minimum training requirements • Pass a BAR licensing examination Licensed Inspector Requirements
- 17. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions To become a licensed Smog Check Station, the facility must: • Be registered with BAR as an Automotive Repair Dealer (ARD) • Meet minimum equipment and facility requirements • Employ licensed inspectors • Retain service and repair records for three years Licensed Station Requirements
- 18. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions • Test-Only: These licensed stations can only test and certify vehicles; they are prohibited by law from performing any diagnostics or repairs • Test-and-Repair: These licensed stations can perform both inspections and repairs on most vehicles • Some licensed test and repair stations (STAR) have met certain performance standards to be eligible to test and certify all vehicles. They also perform repair assistance services under BAR’s Consumer Assistance Program (CAP) • Repair-Only: These licensed stations can only perform diagnosis and repairs on most vehicles; they are prohibited by law from performing any Smog Check tests Smog Check Station Types
- 19. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions Enhanced Areas • 1976 and newer model-year vehicles require a Smog Check inspection every two years at the time of their DMV registration renewal • 1976 and newer model-year vehicles require a Smog Check Inspection upon change of ownership • All vehicles subject to the Smog Check Program require inspection upon initial registration in California • Some vehicles are required to obtain a Smog Check certificate from a STAR Test and Repair or STAR Test-Only • Most vehicles require an Acceleration Simulation Mode (ASM) emissions test using a dynamometer Inspection Requirements by Program Area
- 20. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions Basic Areas • Most vehicles require a Smog Check Inspection every two years at the time of their DMV registration renewal • Most vehicles require a Smog Check Inspection upon change of ownership • All vehicles require a Smog Check Inspection upon initial registration in California • Vehicles only require a Two-Speed Idle (TSI) emissions test Inspection Requirements by Program Area
- 21. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions Change of Ownership Areas • 1976 and newer model-year vehicles require a Smog Check Inspection upon change of ownership • All vehicles subject to the Smog Check Program require inspection upon initial registration in California • Vehicles only require a Two-Speed Idle (TSI) emissions test Inspection Requirements by Program Area
- 22. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions This section provides a quick overview of the Smog Check Inspection, including how the results are reported. • Vehicle Verification • Smog Check Inspection Elements • Overview of Smog Check Procedures • Reporting Smog Check Results Inspection Procedures
- 23. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions Vehicle Verification The Licensed Smog Check Inspector: • Verifies that the vehicle matches the DMV renewal form • Enters a confidential access code into the Emissions Inspection System (EIS) • Scans the DMV renewal form into the EIS • Manual entry is allowed if the DMV renewal form is not available • Enters vehicle information as required following EIS prompts
- 24. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions 1. Visual Inspection Licensed inspector carefully examines the vehicle’s emissions control systems to ensure they are connected and have not been tampered 2. Emissions Test Licensed inspector uses the EIS to measure a sample of the exhaust emissions produced by the vehicle 3. Functional Test Licensed inspector tests the operation of certain emissions control systems to ensure they are working properly Smog Check Inspection Elements
- 25. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions Overview of Smog Check Procedures Enter Access Code Licensed inspector enters a confidential access code to begin the test. Enter Vehicle Information Licensed inspector scans/manually enters vehicle license, VIN, year, make, model, engine, etc. Visual Test PCV TAC EVAP CAT EGR Fuel Injection/Carburetion Air Injection O2 Sensor Vacuum Lines, Sensors/Switches Other ECS Visible Smoke • Licensed inspector determines if required emissions control systems are present and properly connected as originally installed. Some vehicles have aftermarket parts that require an ARB Executive Order (EO) number • Use of component locator manuals and service manuals may be required to properly inspect the vehicle • Visible Smoke: Licensed inspector must check for visible smoke from the engine crankcase and tailpipe Functional Test EGR (only for TSI) Ignition Timing Low Pressure Fuel Evaporative Test (LPFET) Fuel Cap Onboard Diagnostic II/MIL • Licensed inspector performs various functional tests applicable to the vehicle • LPFET is required on all 1995 and older gasoline powered vehicles • OBD II test is required on most 1996 and newer gasoline powered vehicles and 1998 and newer diesel vehicles • Fuel Cap test is required on all 1999 and older gasoline powered vehicles Emissions Test Acceleration Simulation Mode (ASM) or Two-Speed-Idle (TSI) • ASM tests, using a dynamometer, are required on most gasoline powered vehicles (includes CNG, LPG, Flex Fuel) registered in Enhanced Areas • Exceptions are made for vehicles equipped with Full-Time AWD or non-disengaging traction control, motorhomes, and heavy-duty vehicles exceeding 5,000 pounds (unloaded) on the driven axle. In these cases, a TSI test is required to prevent damage to the dynamometer • TSI tests are required on all gasoline powered vehicles registered in Basic or Change of Ownership Areas
- 26. Smog Check Inspection Video Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures IntroductionUser Instructions • EIS determines if the vehicle passes or fails the overall inspection • EIS transmits test results to BAR’s central database • EIS prints out test results on a Vehicle Inspection Report (VIR) • Licensed inspector signs and dates the VIR under penalty of perjury and provides a copy to the consumer • Passing test results are transmitted to DMV for vehicle registration Reporting Smog Check Results
Hinweis der Redaktion
- This module covers general information regarding the California Smog Check Program.It is not all inclusive and does not replace or supersede any applicable Smog Check or Automotive Repair Act laws and regulations. This presentation focuses on gasoline-powered vehicles. For more information on testing diesel vehicles and other topics refer to the Resources tab above.
- This module has been designed to provide total user flexibility.You can view the entire program in a sequential mode by using the blinking start/stop button at the bottom center of the screen, or choose a specific section by selecting the appropriate tab above.You may also select an individual slide or topic from the list located on the left side of the screen.You can access a tutorial, glossary, reference manuals, materials and resources at any time by clicking on these items located in the top bar of this presentation.
- Here is a list of the topics that will be covered during this training module. Introduction Smog Check Overview Inspection Procedures Smog Check Inspection Video
- The Smog Check Program has greatly reduced the amount of air pollution created by tens of millions of cars in California. According to the Air Resources Board,the Program removes approximately four hundred tons of smog forming pollution from California’s air every day.
- The word smog is derived from two words: smoke and fog. Smog is generally produced from vehicular and industrial emissions. Photochemical Smogis the result of the chemical reaction of sunlight, Nitrogen Oxides and Volatile Organic Compounds in the atmosphere, and results in poor air quality.
- Despite significant success in reducing overall pollution levels, air monitoring shows that over 90 percent of Californians breathe unhealthy levels of one or more air pollutants during some part of the year. Health-based ambient air quality standards set by theAir Resources Boardidentify outdoor pollutant levels that are considered safe for the public, including those most at risk from exposure to air pollution, such as children, the elderly, and people who are active outdoors. In setting air qualitystandards, the Air Resources Board has identified certain air pollutants as toxic air contaminants. Long-term exposure to toxins may have serious effects, such as cancer, even when exposure level is low. Both traditional pollutants and toxic air contaminants are measured statewide to assess the success of programs for improving air quality.
- While there are numerous and varied contributors to California’s air pollution, more than half is from motor vehicles. Please take a moment and study the chart.
- Hydrocarbon emissions from a vehicle come from unburned fuel. High levels of hydrocarbon emissions indicate incomplete combustion, which can be the result of low engine compression. If high enough, this could result in a failed Smog Check Inspection. Carbon monoxide is a colorless odorless gas that is fatal to many life forms in moderate concentrations. Carbon monoxide emissions are often the by-product of an overly rich fuel mixture. Unhealthy levels of carbon monoxide emissions result in a vehicle failing its Smog Check Inspection.
- Nitrogen Oxides is an odorless gas that helps create Smog, giving Smog its characteristic brown color. Nitrogen Oxide is produced when the temperature in the combustion chamber exceeds twenty-five hundred degrees. Excessive combustion chamber temperature could be caused by a lean mixture, advanced ignition timing, carbon build up, a malfunctioning Exhaust Gas Recirculation System, or a malfunctioning coolant system. High levels of Nitrogen Oxide emissions result in a vehicle failing its Smog Check inspection.
- This section discusses the requirements of the Smog Check Program. Here is a list of the topics that will be covered. Vehicles Subject to Smog Check Program Smog Check Program Areas When is a Smog Check Required? Licensed Inspector Requirements Licensed Station Requirements Smog Check Station Types Inspection Requirements by Program Area
- A Smog Check is required for 1976 and newer model year gasoline powered vehicles.Smog Checks are required on 1998 and newer Diesel vehicles.
- The Smog Check Program divides California into three areas.Vehicles registered in Enhanced Areas must receive an Acceleration Simulation Mode Smog Check, unless the vehicle is not compatible. Also, a portion of the vehicles in these areas are required to pass a Smog Check inspection and obtain a certification from a STAR Test and Repair or STAR Test Only station.Vehicles registered in Basic or Change of Ownership Areas must receive a Two-Speed-Idle Smog Check.
- Vehicles registered in Enhanced and Basic Areas that are more than six model-years old, are required to be tested every other year. Testing is also required on vehicles that are more than four model-years old if a change of ownership has occurred, or upon initial registration in California.
- To become a licensed Smog Check Inspector, the candidate must meet certain experience and training requirements and pass a BAR licensing examination. Licenses must be renewed every two years. Maintaining a current license requires successful completion of BAR approved continuing education.
- To become a licensed Smog Check facility, the station must first be registered with BAR as an Automotive Repair Dealer. The station also must meet minimum equipment and facility requirements while employing licensed Smog Check Inspectors.The station must also keep necessary service and repair records for a minimum of three years, in accordance with Title 16, California Code of Regulations section 3307.
- In Basic Areas, vehicles are required to be certified every two years during their DMV registration renewal process and on change of ownership and upon initial registration in California.Vehicles registered in a Basic Area are not required to have an emissions test on a dynamometer. Instead, these vehicles are given a Two-SpeedIdle emissions test.
- In Change of Ownership Areas, vehicles are required to be certified only upon Change of Ownership or on initial registration in California.Vehicles registered in a Change of Ownership areasreceive a Two-SpeedIdle emissions test.
- The remainder of this training module will cover the Smog Check Inspection process. Here is a list of the topics that will be covered during this section.Vehicle VerificationSmog Check Inspection Elements Overview of Smog Check ProceduresReporting Smog Check Results
- A BAR licensed Smog Check Inspector verifies that the vehicle matches the registration renewal form and scans the information into the Emissions Inspection System, or EIS. The EIS communicates with the Vehicle Information Database to determine if the station is authorized to inspect the vehicle.Using a bar code scanner, the DMV registration renewal form will automatically enter information about the vehicle into the EIS. If the inspection is for a change of ownership, or if the consumer forgets their renewal form, the inspector must manually enter the vehicle identification information into the EIS.After entering in specific license information and a confidential access code, the inspector proceeds to the test mode of the EIS.The inspector manually enters the vehicle information (engine size, transmission type, etc.) at the analyzer screen prompts.
- The Smog Check inspection is divided into three parts: The first part is a Visual Inspection; the second part is an Emissions Test, and the third is a Functional Test. Please note that these parts are the main components of a Smog Check Inspection but do not contain information needed to conduct a Smog Check Inspection. Please refer to the Smog Check Manual for more specific information on inspection procedures.During the Visual Inspection, the inspector verifies that the vehicleemissions componentsare connected and have not been modified.The Emissions Test is performed by the inspector using the EIS to determine the actual composition of the exhaust gases and emissions produced by the vehicle and exiting the tailpipe. During the Functional Test, the inspector will test the operation of certain emissions control systems to ensure they are working properly.
- This chart contains the elements of a Smog Check inspection. Click on the Resources tab to print a copy of this document.
- The EmissionsInspection System reviews all data entered by the inspector and analyzes the tailpipe sampling results of the Emissions Test. Using electronically stored vehicle specific parameters, the EISdetermines if the vehicle passes or fails all required parts of the Smog Check inspection. The results of the test are transmitted to the state’sVehicle Information Database.If the vehicle passes the test, the results are electronically sent to DMV to meet registration requirements.After every test, whether the vehicle passes or fails, the Emission Inspection System prints out the entire set of results on a Vehicle Inspection Report, or VIR. The licensed inspector is required to sign and date under penalty of perjury, a statement on the VIR indicating that the test was performed correctly, and give a copy to the consumer.