2. WHAT IS COGNITIVE THEORY?
• Activities such as remembering and thinking are a
considered a behavior.
• Therefore, these activities can be observed and studied as a
behavior and their effects on learning and education.
• Cognitive domain- The variations of ways individuals
process information. i.e. (Visual, Audio, Hands-on, etc…)
3. THE COGNITIVIST
• Allan Paivio (1925- Current)
• Developed the dual coding theory- information given visually and
verbally enhance recall and recognition.
• believes people process information in distinctively different ways.
• Processing images v. Processing language.
• Howard Gardner (1943- Current)
• Developed the theory of multiple intelligenceverbal, mathematical, visual, kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intr
apersonal, naturalist.
• Believes that everyone may have all eleven intelligences but one or
two are more dominate.
• Believes the intelligences are influenced by biological
predispositions, learning opportunities, and the individual’s cultural
context.
4. THE COGNITIVIST
• Robert Gagne (1916- 2002)
• Based on the building block principle.
• Five major categories of learning- verbal information, intellectual
skills, cognitive strategies, motor skills and attitudes.
• Incorporated characteristics of behavior modification theory and
performance education
• Believed that a variety of internal and external conditions must be
present for learning to occur.
• Learning results in observable behavior
• Nine events of instruction.
5. THE COGNITIVIST
• Benjamin Bloom (1913- 1999)
• Focused on students learning domain
• Classified learning into three domains
• Cognitive- organization of ideas and thoughts
• Affective- emotions, attitude, interests, attention, awareness
• Psychomotor- students motor and physical abilities
• Blooms Taxonomy
• Levels move from simple to complex
• Connected to mastered learning
• Students continue to learn after they
have already mastered a skill
6. CLASSROOM IMPLICATIONS
• Teacher’s roles
• Using Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction teachers improved their
students internal process of learning.
• Using Gagne’s building block techniques the students are able to use
technology in a variety of ways: beginning with something
simple, such as searching the web for information to more
demanding tasks like creating a website.
• With the knowledge of Garner’s different intelligences teachers are
able to incorporate a variety of activities that uses a variation of
learning styles.
• Bloom’s Taxonomy allows teachers to actively challenge students
with a variety of questions ranging from recall to analysis.
7. CLASSROOM IMPLICATIONS
• Student’s roles
• Students can learn about the different intelligences they poses using
Gardner’s different intelligences.
• Once the students discover what intelligence(s) is(are) their
strongest they can achieve higher academic goals by learning with
those styles.
• The students can challenge themselves by using different style
questions as described by Benjamin Bloom.
• Using the idea of dual coding, proposed by Allan Paivio, the students
are able to analyze images and language separately to create
intricate and creative answers.
8. PERSONAL TEACHING
• Cognitive thinking involves a large amount of student and
teacher participation.
• I think this theory would work well in my classroom
because of the different academic challenges in poses.
• A wide variety of studies, techniques, and organization
styles are available pertaining to the cognitive theory.
• Integrating technology into the lessons would be fairly easy
with the different skill levels assisted.
• For example: I could teach the students a lesson and build on the
ideas demonstrated in the lessons. Once the students have reached
the point of mastery learning I will implement a more difficult
lesson with the use of equipment.
9. CREDITS:
• Sadker, David, Zittleman, Karen R., Teachers, Schools, and
Society A Brief Introduction to Education, Ney York, NY. McGraw
Hill. 2012. Print
• Shelly, Gary B. , Gunter, Glenda A. , Gunter, Randolph E. Teachers
Discovering Computers Integrating Technology In a Connected
World. Boston, MD. Course Technology. 2012. Print.
• The Thinker, Flicker (Creative Commons), Freddie Boy
• Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction, Wikispaces (Creative
Commons), James Pearce and Meredith Perkins
• Blooms Taxonomy, Flicker (creative Commons), Nistd6h
• Apple, Microsoft Word, clip art.
