Nuclear Debates in Latin America Carnegie Endowment for International Peace-Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro November 6, 2014, Rio de Janeiro

1. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 1
Nuclear Debates in
Latin America
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace-
Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro
November 6, 2014, Rio de Janeiro
BRAZIL´S NUCLEAR
ACTIVITIES
SNAPSHOTS

2. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Licencing, Control and Enforcement: ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY
ENERGY DEFENSE APPLICATIONS
Pág. 2
NUCLEAR POWER
PLANTS
NAVAL PROPULSION MEDICINE
INDUSTRY
AGRICULTURE &
ENVIRONMENT
RESEARCH&
DEVELOPMENT
NUCLEAR FUEL NUCLEAR FUEL
WASTE

3. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 3

4. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 4
NON PROLIFERATION IN BRAZIL
UNIQUE SUCCESS EXPERIENCE
• Brazilian Constitution proscribe all
non-pacific uses of nuclear energy
– Member of NPT
– Member of Tlatelolco Treaty
• Latin America: nuclear weapons free zone
} A remarkable
record of more than
25 years
without technical
deviations or suspicious
events
• All nuclear installations fully
safeguarded
– Multilateral agreements (1990 + 1994)
(Brazil – Argentina – ABACC) + IAEA
• ABACC – bilateral regional agency
– IAEA full escope (NPT - 1997)

5. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
 As Japan, Germany and Netherlands, has
2+1 enrichment plants fully safeguarded
Pág. 5
 Brazilian centrifuge program was never
suspected being “proliferant” neither part of
any international “black-marketing”
 Has produced 20% batches for research
LEI reactor fuel under full scope safeguards
USIDE
RESENDE
Enrichment
facility

6. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 6
URANIUM IN BRAZIL
Prospected area:
only 30% of national territory
up to 100 meters deep
6th. WORLD RESERVE

7. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 7
After prospected most of
national territory, probably
Brazil should be among
2 MAJOR WORLD
RESERVES
Pré-cambrian soils
Brasil 3.400.000 km2
Austrália 3.800.000 km2

8. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 8
LEI and USIDE - NAVY
(OPERATION)
ENRICHMENT
RESENDE
(CONSTRUCTION)
ANGRA 1/2/3
PWR
CONVERSION
(PROJECT)
INB
FUEL FABRICATION
RESENDE
URANIUM MINNING
AND MILLING
LAGOA REAL
(OPERATION)
ELETRONUCLEAR
(OPERATION)
INB
INB
INB
USEXA - NAVY
(COMMISIONING)
LABMAT and LADICON
NAVY
(OPERATION)
LABGENE
NAVY
(CONSTRUCTION)
One of the few countries having both:
1. large uranium reserves
2. full technological capability for
local fuel production

9. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 9
GENERATION RECORD 2013: 16,1 TWh*
* Itaipu record: 94 TWh

10. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 10
EAF 2013
Angra 1&2: 4th
EAF 2012
Angra 1&2: 2nd
EAF 2011
Angra 1&2: 2nd
EAF 2010
Angra 1&2: 15th

11. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 11

12. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 12

13. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
NUCLEAR POTENCIAL ATLAS
Pág. 13
OF BRASIL
1) Northeast
2.000 MW
2) Southeast
2.000 MW
STARTING OPERATION:
2025 - 2030
EPRI SITTING CRITERIA
GEOPROCESSING TOOLS

14. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 14

15. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
EXPLORATORY STUDIES
Pág. 15

16. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 16
Hydro Share 72% 69% 65/78% 52/62%
* PDE 2020
** MME/SPE –2050 Prospective Studies

17. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 17

18. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 18

19. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 19

20. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 20

21. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 21

22. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 22

23. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 23

24. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 24

25. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 25

26. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 26
APPLICATIONS
MEDICINE
INDUSTRY
AGRICULTURE &
ENVIRONMENT
RESEARCH &
DEVELOPMENT
Tomografia PET Ciclotron
Irradiador Co-60
Reator IEA-R1

27. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 27
TRIGA
CNEN/CDTN
Belo Horizonte
IPEN/MB-01
São Paulo
Argonauta
CNEN/IEN
IEA-R1m
CNEN/IPEN
São Paulo
Rio de Janeiro

28. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 28

29. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 29
LOW AND MEDIUM LEVEL WASTE
FINAL DISPOSAL
ABADIA DE GOIÁS REPOSITORY
NUCLEAR SCIENCE REGIONAL CENTER

30. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 30
SPENT FUEL LONG TERM STORAGE

31. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 31
If only with idealism nothing
practical is achieved, without
this driving force it is
impossible to reach something
great
Álvaro Alberto
“godfather” of nuclear in Brasil
BRASIL: NATIONAL TECNOLOGY IS INDEPENDENCE

32. Nuclear Debates in Latin America
Rio de Janeiro, November 6th, 2014
Pág. 32
Nuclear Debates in
Latin America
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace-
Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro
November 6, 2014, Rio de Janeiro
THANK YOU VERY MUCH
FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
QUESTIONS? CONCERNS?