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ARMAS NUCLEARES 
TIPOS DE ARMAS 
ABORDAGEM PARA DEFESA
FISSÃO PURA 
• Primeiras armas nucleares construídas – único tipo já usado. 
• Urânio (alto enriquecimento de U-235) ou plutônio (alto teor de Pu-239) 
• Montados em uma arranjo que cria a reação em cadeia na massa crítica por 
um dos dois métodos: 
• Arranjo “canhão”: um projétil de urânio físsil é disparado contra um alvo 
físsil do urânio no extremo oposto da arma, atingindo massa crítica 
quando combinados 
• Implosão: a massa físsil de qualquer material de (U-235, Pu-239, ou 
uma combinação) é cercada por altos explosivos que a comprimem, 
resultando em criticidade - Esférica e Linear
FISSÃO PURA – ARRANJO “CANHÃO”
FISSÃO PURA – IMPLOSÃO ESFÉRICA
FISSÃO PURA – IMPLOSÃO ESFÉRICA Levitated 
Core
FISSÃO PURA – IMPLOSÃO LINEAR Two-point
FISSÃO PURA – IMPLOSÃO LINEAR Two-point 
hollow-pit
FISSÃO – FUSÃO (BOOSTED)
FISSÃO-FUSÃO-FISSÃO (TELLER-SAKAROV) 
“ALARM CLOCK / SLOIKA”
FISSÃO-FUSÃO-FISSÃO (TELLER-ULAM) 
2 ESTÁGIOS
FISSÃO-FUSÃO-FISSÃO (TELLER-ULAM) 
B-28
FISSÃO-FUSÃO-FISSÃO (2 ESTÁGIOS) 
“ORALLOY”
FISSÃO-FUSÃO-FISSÃO (3 ESTÁGIOS) 
B-41
PROJETOS ESPECULATIVOS 
Bomba de nêutrons (fusão-pura) Mini-bomba bi-cônica
MINI-NUKES 
Special Atomic Demolition Munition (SADM) Tactical nuclear recoilless rifle (Davy Crokett)
DESCONSTRUINDO UM MITO 
• É fisicamente IMPOSSÍVEL uma usina nuclear dar origem a uma explosão 
nuclear similar a de uma arma nuclear 
• Chernobyl e Fukushima: deflagrações químicas
DESCONSTRUINDO UM MITO 
• Os maiores e imediatos efeitos da explosão das armas nucleares são 
“convencionais”, ou seja, não estão associados à radiação nuclear
ABORDAGENS PARA DEFESA
ARMAS NUCLEARES 
MUITO OBRIGADO PELA ATENÇÃO! 
PERGUNTAS? COMENTÁRIOS?

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Armas Nucleares: tipos e abordagens para a Defesa NBQR