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PowerPoint file for BIT
1.
缺氧呼吸 / 厭氧呼吸
/ 無氧 呼吸 (Anaerobic respiration) P. 236 - 243
2.
目標 : 8. 何謂缺氧呼吸 2.
骨骼肌的缺氧呼吸 3. 植物及微生物的缺氧呼吸 2
3.
複習 : 何謂需氧呼吸
/ 有氧 呼吸 (Aerobic respiration) 呼吸 vs ( 細胞 ) 呼吸作用 需氧呼吸的文字方程式 : 3
4.
目標 : 8. 何謂缺氧呼吸 2.
骨骼肌的缺氧呼吸 3. 植物及微生物的缺氧呼吸 4
5.
第一部分 . 何謂缺氧呼吸 大部分動物和植物都需要進行需氧呼吸 以維持生命,不過有些細胞在缺氧情況 下也能進行呼吸作用,這類呼吸作用稱 為缺氧呼吸。
5
6.
第一部分 . 何謂缺氧呼吸 e.g.
骨骼肌 ( 動物 ), 在萌發的種子 ( 植物 ), 一些微生物 ( 酵母菌和一些 細菌 ) 6
7.
目標 : •
何謂缺氧呼吸 2. 骨骼肌的缺氧呼吸 3. 植物及微生物的缺氧呼吸 7
8.
第二部分 . 骨骼肌的缺氧呼吸 步行或緩步跑都屬於需氧呼吸
8
9.
第二部分 . 骨骼肌的缺氧呼吸 需氧呼吸
: 葡萄糖 + 氧 水 + 二氧化碳 + 能量 (30-32 ATP) 9
10.
第二部分 . 骨骼肌的缺氧呼吸 做劇烈運動時,肌肉細胞不能取得足夠 的氧來進行需氧呼吸,於是骨骼肉進行 缺氧呼吸。
10
11.
第二部分 . 骨骼肌的缺氧呼吸
11
12.
第二部分 . 骨骼肌的缺氧呼吸 乳酸發酵
: 葡萄糖 乳酸 + 能量 (2 ATP) 12
13.
第二部分 . 骨骼肌的缺氧呼吸 乳酸在肌肉內積聚會引致肌肉疲勞 及疼痛。
用來分解乳酸的氧氣量稱 為氧債 。 13
14.
活動 1: 需氧呼吸和缺氧呼吸的比較
需氧呼吸 缺氧呼吸 對氧的需求 需求 / 不需求 需求 / 不需求 葡萄糖的氧化分 完全 / 不完全 完全 / 不完全 解 一個葡萄糖分子 多 /少 多 /少 分解後所產生 ATP 分子數目 產物 14
15.
第二部分 . 骨骼肌的缺氧呼吸 乳酸發酵
: 葡萄糖 乳酸 + 能量 (2 ATP) 無需氧氣 缺氧呼吸所產生的並不是二氧化碳和 水, 而是乳酸 ATP 數目較少 15
16.
目標 : 8. 何謂缺氧呼吸 2.
骨骼肌的缺氧呼吸 3. 植物及微生物的缺氧呼吸 16
17.
第三部分 . 植物及微生物的缺氧呼吸 某些植物和微生物也可以進行缺氧呼吸 ,不過所產生的並不是乳酸,而是乙醇
( 酒精 ) 和 二氧化碳 。 17
18.
第三部分 . 植物及微生物的缺氧呼吸 酒精發酵
: 葡萄糖 乙醇 + 二氧化碳 + 能量 (2 ATP) 18
19.
總結 :
需氧呼吸 缺氧呼吸 例子 細胞 對氧的需求 葡萄糖的氧化分 解 一個葡萄糖分子 分解後所產生 ATP 分子數目 產物 過程稱為 19
20.
練習
20
21.
以下哪項正確比較酒精發酵和乳酸發酵?
酒精發酵 乳酸發酵 A. 產生二氧化碳 不會產生二氧化碳 B. 酒精被用作受質 乳酸被用作受質 C. 副產品會繼續被代謝 副產品不會繼續被代 D. 只在植物進行 只在動物進行 ( 香港中學會考 生物 2006 試卷二 Q9) 21
22.
運動時,缺氧呼吸對骨骼肌為甚麼重要? A.
肌肉細胞因缺氧而不能進行需氧呼吸 B. 肌肉細胞能氧化缺氧呼吸所產生的乳酸 C. 缺氧呼吸提供額外的能量以作肌肉收縮之用 D. 缺氧呼吸時,從一個一個葡萄糖分子釋出的 能量較需氧呼吸時為多 ( 香港中學會考 生物 2005 試卷二 Q40) 22
23.
下一課 : 核對練習
發酵作用在食物工業的應用 (p.243 - 260) 23
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