Libro resumenes lacame 2014

EDITADO POR:
Agustin Cabral Prieto (ININ)
Eduardo Carpiette (Dirección de Educación Continua ya Distancia – UAEM)
Lorena Nara (IPN)
Tobías Noel Nava (IMP)
Oscar Olea (Facultad de Química-UAEM)
IMPRESO
Metepec, Estado de México.
Octubre 2014
DISEÑO:
Dirección de Educación Continua ya Distancia – UAEM

Índice de trabajos
LACAME 2014 ..................................................................................................................................................... 1
Topics .................................................................................................................................................................. 2
Latin American Conference on the Application of Mössbauer Spectroscopy .................................................... 3
25 AÑOS DE CONGRESOS LATINOAMERICANOS DE ESPECTROSCOPÍA MÖSSBAUER................................. 5
Committees ........................................................................................................................................................ 7
Sponsors ............................................................................................................................................................. 8
Thanks ................................................................................................................................................................ 9
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM ...................................................................................................................................... 10
Invited Speakers ............................................................................................................................................... 11
T02: CONTRIBUTIONS OF MÖSSBAUER SPECTROMETRY TO THE STUDY OF SOME OXIDE DILUTED
MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS: A CRITICAL REVIEW .......................................................................... 12
T05: CHEMISTRY AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS OF HIGH‐VALENT IRON‐OXO SPECIES ................ 13
T05: DESIGN OF SELF AND MATRIX‐SUPPORTED SYSTEMS OF IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES FOR
CATALYTIC APPLICATIONS ................................................................................................................... 14
Participations .................................................................................................................................................... 15
T02: MÖSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY AS SOURCE OF COMPLEMENTARY A PRIORI INFORMATION TO SOLVE
CRYSTAL STRUCTURES FROM XRD POWDER DATA ............................................................................. 18
T02: NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF BROAD MÖSSBAUER SPECTRA BY USING SIMPLE DISTRIBUTION
FUNCTIONS .......................................................................................................................................... 19
T02: STRUCTURAL AND HYPERFINE PROPERTIES OF M‐DOPED SNO2 (M=TRANSITION METAL OR RARE
EARTH ELEMENT) NANOPARTICLES ..................................................................................................... 20
T04: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MAGNETITE NANOPARTICLES FUNCTIONALIZED WITH
CARBOXYL AND AMINO ACIDS FOR BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS ................. 23
T05: PHOTOCATALYTIC EFFECT AND MÖSSBAUER STUDY OF IRON TITANIUM SILICATE GLASS PREPARED
BY SOL‐GEL METHOD ........................................................................................................................... 25
T06: 57Fe‐MÖSSBAUER STUDY OF ZIRCONIA CONTAINING IRON VANADATE CLYSTALLIZED GLASS WITH
HIGH ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY ....................................................................................................... 27
T08: CORRELATION BETWEEN MILLING TIME OF POWDER, AND THE TEMPERATURE OF SUBSTRATE ON
THE PROPERTIES OF NdFe THIN FILMS ................................................................................................ 30
T08: IN γ‐Fe2MnGa COMPOUND DO Fe AND Mn ORDER MAGNETICALLY AT THE SAME TEMPERATURE?
DO THEY COUPLE PARALLEL OR ANTIPARALLEL AT LOW TEMPERATURES? ....................................... 31

T08: MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF TWO CORE/SHELL NANOPARTICLES COUPLED VIA DIPOLAR INTERACTION
............................................................................................................................................................. 32
T08: MÖSSBAUER AND STRUCTURAL STUDY OF ALLOYS Fe1‐XVX OBTAINED BY MECHANICAL ALLOYING .. 33
T08: MÖSSBAUER INVESTIGATIONS ON THE DESORBTION OF HYDROGEN AND HYDROXYL FROM THE
IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES .............................................................................................................. 34
T08: MÖSSBAUER STUDY OF ALLOYS Fe67.5Ni32.5, PREPARED BY ALLOY MECHANICAL ................................ 35
T08: SPIN DYNAMICS IN COEXISTING ANTIFERROMAGNETIC AND SPINGLASS STATES OF MULTIFERROIC
LEAD PEROVSKITES .............................................................................................................................. 36
T08: STUDY OF STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF Fe DOPED, Co DOPED, AND Fe‐Co
CO‐DOPED ZnO .................................................................................................................................... 37
T08: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NixCo1‐xFe2O4 Nanoparticles ................................................ 38
T08: SYNTHESIS OF SILVER ‐COATED MAGNETITE NANOCOMPOSITE FUNCTIONALIZED BY AZADIRACTHA
INDICA .................................................................................................................................................. 39
T10: MÖSSBAUER AND XRD CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN A Fe‐Mn‐Al‐C AS.
CAST ALLOY DURING TRIBOLOGY TEST ................................................................................................ 42
T10: STRUCTURAL STUDY ON Li2Fe1‐xNixSiO4 ............................................................................................... 43
Posters .............................................................................................................................................................. 44
Authors index ................................................................................................................................................. 133

1
LACAME 2014
XIVth Latin American Conference on the
Applications of the Mössbauer Effect ‐ LACAME 2014
LACAMEs are special scientific events. They are regional meetings that aim at stimulating the
development of Mössbauer Spectroscopy (MS) in Latin American countries, all of them with unparallel
common cultural roots, but most of them with limited resources. MS is a particular technique suitable for
promoting the scientific development in these societies. The organization of a conference like LACAME gives
the young scientists of the region who do not have many chances to visit other laboratories or attend the
ICAME meetings the opportunity to improve their scientific progress, and brings to the scientific
communities and young researchers the feeling of how experimental physics can be performed at a high
level.
As a consequence of these meetings, the Mössbauer community is growing in Latin America. New
laboratories have been set up and the improvement of the existing ones has been observed. The
collaboration, interchange and scientific agreements between laboratories, some of them isolated prior to
the LACAME conferences, have been greatly enhanced.
The XIVth Latin American Conference on the Applications of the Mössbauer Effect ‐ LACAME 2014 will
be held from November 10th to 14th, 2014 in Mexico. LACAME started in 1988 in Rio de Janeiro and has
grown steadily since then, changing the venue every two years from different nations where Mössbauer
research laboratories exist.
We do believe that the special ingredient added by LACAME will help flourish the development of
science and MS in this part of the world; let us hope this trend continues growing.
We welcome you all to LACAME‐2014.
November 2014.

2
Topics
T01‐ Advances in experimentation and Data Processing
T02‐ Amorphous, Nanocrystals and Nanoparticles
T03‐ Applications in Soils, Mineralogy, Geology, Cements and Archaeology
T04‐ Biological and Medical Applications
T05‐ Catalysis, Corrosion and Environment
T06‐ Chemical Applications, Structure and Bonding
T07‐ Industrial Applications
T08‐ Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
T09‐ Multilayers, Thin Films and Artificially Structured Materials
T10‐ Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science

Latin American Conference on the Application of Mössbauer Spectroscopy
3
Elisa Baggio Saitovitch
We can not speak about Mössbauer spectroscopy in Latin America without speaking about Jacques
Danon who passed away in 1989. He has initiate to work already in 1960 in this field at Brazilian Center for
Research in Physics (CBPF), in Rio de Janeiro. He always insisted that we should not compete with the
countries of north hemisphere but exercise our creativity in scientific research, looking for topics related
with our region or having a new approach in frontier topics, addressing topics that can be studied in the
frame of the scientific and technologic difficulties (not facilities). He always said: Lo que es importante, no
son las técnicas y computadores, son las ideas. Solamente la creatividad puede generar un verdadero
progreso tanto en la ciencia como en cualquier campo de la actividad humana.
In the early days of Mössbauer spectroscopy in Latin America there was more interaction; this was
not the case when I started to work in Mössbauer spectroscopy. Danon always mentioned collaboration
with Augusto Moreno y Moreno, in Mexico, Carlos Abeledo and Albert Fech. He published the first lectures
in Spanish on the Mössbauer effect given at the Escuela Latino Americana de Física that was held in Mexico,
in 1968.
In 1985, while participating in a commission to discuss the future of CLAF (Latin American Center for
Physics) I realized how bad the scientific collaboration among Latin American groups doing research was;
they tend to give priority to the interaction with groups in north hemisphere. The collaboration with our
neighbors in Latin America would not occur spontaneously, it was necessary to be worked out because,
more than the proximity, they have common problems.
With these ideas in mind I went to a Brazilian meeting in Mössbauer spectroscopy, which was the last
from a series going through all the groups (see H. Rechenberg report). Our idea was to change a bit the
scope including all Brazilian groups working in Hyperfine Interaction. There I have made another
proposition: open the meeting to all the Mössbauer groups in Latin America. This proposition was accepted
and I suggested that the Chairperson should be Jacques Danon, knowing that I should do the heavy work.
In November 1988 we organized in Rio, with the help of Rosa Scorzelli the first LACAME; the name of
our meeting was inspired in the ICAME. At those days we were able to bring together more than 129
participants! I believe that most of the people working in this area came to Rio.
It was difficult to contact all the people, in this case the contribution of Danon

was essential: he knew everybody. But there was no e‐mail, no telephone and the best
communication was by telegram and fax. For the first time I learned about Raiza from Havana, Jaen in
Panama or Aburto in Mexico.
The situation in Brazil in 1989 was very favorable for our purpose; the inistry of Science and
Technology had been just created. I was able to get support from several Brazilian institutions and
foundations as CBPF, CNPq, CNEN, FINEP, CAPES and CLAF. The total budget was about US$ 50 000 and the
invitation included air ticket, hotel and meals.
Circa of 10 non Latin American scientist specialists in different fields were invited and contributed to
the success of the conference. I still remember how the eyes of some students were shining when they
could listen to these known specialists in Mössbauer spectroscopy. All the effort was worthwhile!
After that we had the nice meeting in Cuba with the conversation with Fidel Castro and many non
Latin American participants. Argentina, Chile, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Panama and Mexico (in 2004), it
has been a long way, with a lot of efforts (the chair persons know it well), but the result is excellent.
The number of participants has decreased along these 15 years. May be there is now less people in
the field or less funds available, this we still need to find out. In Brazil the strong group of Porto Alegre,
where I was introduced to Mössbauer spectroscopy, has only a minor activity and sometimes does not
participate even in the Brazilian meetings. To compensate now we have the group of Vitoria and Ouro
Preto, which are very active and have organized the last Brazilian meetings. New groups have been created
in Peru (Victor Peña Rodrigues) and Colombia (Perez Alcazar) and they are very active as we could see in the
last conferences. From the successive meetings we can follow the development of some students like
Restrepo from Colombia. He gave a talk in Caracas as a senior scientist!
Despite this conference became smaller they are very dynamic with a lot of discussion and interesting
questions. I hope we can keep this atmosphere for Mexico.
This meeting have been very important for the participants, researchers and students that do not
have the opportunity to participate in the ICAMEs. Traditionally some few non Latin American specialists are
invited speakers together with local researchers from areas where Mössbauer spectroscopy can be applied.
For example, in Venezuela we had some talk about Petroleum industry. We try to avoid inviting the same
non Latina American specialists in two successive meetings in order to cover different areas.
The LACAME has contributed for the collaboration among LA groups and for spreading this
spectroscopy in LA. All the applications are being studied, including minerals, meteorites, soils,
superconducting and magnetic materials, milling, catalyses, corrosion, chemistry, thin films, heavy fermions,
4

etc. However we still hope to be able to improve the shearing of the facilities among the groups and
establish bilateral official exchange programs.
On a regular basis the LACAME conferences are organized in Latin America, each two years and we
succeeded in organizing and reinforcing the collaboration among the Mössbauer community in Latin
America. Except for the conference in Chile the Proceedings have been published by Hyperfine Interaction.
25 AÑOS DE CONGRESOS LATINOAMERICANOS DE ESPECTROSCOPÍA MÖSSBAUER
Por estos días se están cumpliendo los 25 años de nuestra existencia como comunidad
latinoamericana de espectroscopía Mössbauer. Es con enorme alegría que queremos celebrar este
aniversario.
En 1988, con la excepción de Brasil, que realizaba desde1982 encuentros locales de jóvenes
investigadores, en nuestro continente había algunos laboratorios dispersos con investigadores que
pretendíamos hacer buena ciencia sin muchos medios a pesar las grandes dificultades que se presentaban
en nuestros países. Esto cambiaría para siempre cuando, entre el 31 de octubre y el 4 de noviembre de
1988 se organizó el primer Congreso Latinoamericano de Espectroscopía Mössbauer. Allí nos conocimos y
rápidamente nos identificamos como formando parte de una comunidad científica.
En estos veinticinco años, hemos crecido individual y colectivamente y nos sentimos miembros de
una realidad que trasciende las fronteras de nuestros países para constituirse en una unidad
latinoamericana que encuentra gran placer y ventaja en colaborar con colegas de otros países de la región y
reencontrarse con viejos (y no tan viejos) amigos cada dos años en los LACAME y en numerosas
colaboraciones entre distintos miembros de la comunidad.
En este tiempo hemos visto aparecer laboratorios de luz sincrotrón, centros de microscopía
electrónica, la Internet. En nuestras propias instituciones se han agregado nuevas técnicas que como la
calorimetría o la magnetometría nos han permitido profundizar enormemente nuestras investigaciones. Sin
embargo, todo esto no ha desviado nuestra convicción de que lo que nos une es la espectroscopía
Mössbauer.
En otros continentes esta realidad es de mucha menor intensidad o simplemente no existe ya. Pero
ciertamente en América latina nuestros congresos gozan de prestigio y de entusiasmo, con nuevos jóvenes
que se sienten parte de esta comunidad convocante que tiene un gran reconocimiento internacional.
5

Por eso, el Comité Latinoamericano de Espectroscopía Mössbauer saluda jubilosamente a los colegas
latinoamericanos y hace votos para que las nuevas generaciones tengan éxito en sus esfuerzos de continuar
y mejorar lo que ya ha sido hecho hasta aquí.
6

7
Committees
Intenational Committee
E.M. Baggio Saitovitch CBPF Brazil
N.R. Furet Bridón CNIC Cuba
F. González Jiménez UCV Venezuela
J.A. Jaén UP Panamá
R.C. Mercader UNLP Argentina
N. Nava IMP México
V.A. Peña Rodríguez UNMSM Perú
G.A. Pérez Alcázar UV Colombia
Carmen Pizarro USACH Chile
Local organizing committee
Humberto Arriola S. Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Agustín Cabral Prieto Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares
Naria Adriana Flores Fuentes Escuela Superior Físico‐Matemáticas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Arturo García Borquez Escuela Superior Físico‐Matemáticas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Eduardo Gómez Garduño DECyD, Universidad Autónoma Estado México
Ezequiel Jaimes Figueroa DECyD, Universidad Autónoma Estado México
Rafael López Castañares Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma Estado México
Fabiola Monroy Guzmán Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares
Noel Nava E. Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo
Oscar Olea Cardoso Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma Estado México
Oscar F. Olea Mejia Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma Estado México
Jesús Soberón M. Investigador

8
Sponsors
Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics
Sociedad Química de México
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Consejo Mexiquense de Ciencia y Tecnología
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares
Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo

9
Thanks
Los Comités Internacional y Local de la XIV Latin American Conference on the Applications of the
Mössbauer Effect aprecian y agradecen profundamente al Rector de la Universidad Autónoma del
Estado de México, Dr. en D. Jorge Olvera García, por habernos permitido realizar esta conferencia
en las instalaciones de la Dirección de Educación Continua y a Distancia (DECyD‐UAEM).
Así mismo, agradecemos al Maestro Ezequiel Jaimes Figueroa, Director de la DECyD‐UAEM, por
todo el apoyo y facilidades que nos brindó durante la organización de dicha conferencia, así como
a su equipo de trabajo por su invaluable aportación para preparar el compendio de los resúmenes
que se presentan en este libro.

10
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM
SUNDAY
NOV. 9
MONDAY
NOV. 10
TUESDAY
NOV. 11
WEDNESDAY
NOV. 12
THURSDAY
NOV. 13
FRIDAY
NOV. 14
9:00
Opening
Ceremony
9:00
J A Jaen
9:00
Mira Ristic
VideoC
9:00
Elisa Baggio‐
Saitovitch
9:00
Roberto C.
Mercader
9:30
Cesar A Barrero
M
9:45
Coffee
9:45
Coffee
9:45
Coffee
10:15
Coffee
10:05
V Sharma
10:00
Coffee
10:05
F.J. Litterst
10:05
Edilso
Reguera
10:35
Edson P
10:50
W. T. Herrera City tour
10:50
P.M.A.
Caetano
11:10
Dagoberto
Oyola Lozano
11:30
Herojit Singh
11:50
J.J. Beltrán
12:10
J. L. López
10:50
Concluding
Remarks
11:20
G.A. Pérez
Alcázar
11:30
S. Kubuki
11:40
José Domingos
Fabris
11:50
Aguirre‐Contreras
Next LACAME
12:00
Y. Takahashi,
12:10
Benítez Rodríguez
12:20
Lunch
12:30
Lunch
12:30
Lunch
14:00
Rojas Martínez
14:00
POSTER
SESSION1
14:00
POSTER
SESSION2
14:20
J. A. H. Coaquira
18:00
Registration
Latin American
Round Table
19:00 – 21:00
Welcome

T02: CONTRIBUTIONS OF MÖSSBAUER SPECTROMETRY TO THE STUDY OF SOME
OXIDE DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS: A CRITICAL REVIEW
J.J. Beltrán1, A. Punnoose2, K. Nomura3, E.M. Baggio-Saitovitch4, and C.A. Barrero1
1Grupo de Estado Sólido, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
2Department of Physics, Boise State University, Boise, USA
3Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan
4Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
12
*Corresponding author: e-mail: cesar.barrero@udea.edu.co
Keywords: Fe doped ZnO, Fe doped SnO2, nanoparticles.
Topic: T02- Amorphous, Nanocrystals and Nanoparticles
In 2005, the prestigious journal Science [1] posed a
list of 125 unsolved scientific questions, one of them
being: “is it possible to create magnetic
semiconductors that work at room temperature?”. In
2008, Coey et al. [2] mentioned that the origin of the
magnetism in Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors
(DMS) is one of the most puzzling investigations.
And to date we can say that the understanding of
such phenomena is still a great challenge in
materials science. In fact, there is no agreement
between the various theoretical and experimental
studies performed on the origin of the ferromagnetic
signal in DMS, particularly in Oxide-DMS (ODMS).
From the experimental side, the use of different
characterization techniques, including Mössbauer
spectrometry (MS), is an important requirement to
achieve a better understanding of the phenomena. In
this presentation we will show some examples of the
contributions that 119Sn and 57Fe MS have done to
the characterization of Fe-doped ZnO [3], Fe-Co
codoped ZnO [4], Fe-doped SnO2 [5-7] and Fe-Sb
codoped SnO2 [8,9] nanoparticles. We will show how
this technique has contributed to the: (i)
demonstration of the absence of both spurious
phases and clustering of dopants, (ii) determination
of the preferable sites, high or low spin character,
and oxidation states of the transition metal (TM)
ions, (iii) identification of the preferable location of
the TM ions, either at the surface, at the interior or in
the whole nanoparticles, (iv) identification and
characterization of defects, (v) proper
characterization of the electronic, crystallographic,
and magnetic properties, and their possible relations,
(vi) and determination of the TM ions that are
involved in the magnetic ordering.
References
[1] Kennedy and Norman, Science 309 (2005) 82.
[2] J.M.D. Coey, K. Wongsaprom, J. Alaria, and M.
Venkatesan, J. Phys. D.: Appl. Phys. 41 (2008)
134012.
[3] J.J. Beltrán, J.A. Osorio, C.A. Barrero, C.B.
Hanna and A. Punnoose, J. Appl. Phys. 113 (2013)
17C308.
[4] J.J. Beltrán, C.A. Barrero, A. Punnoose, J. Phys.
Chem. C, V. 19 (3) (2014)
[5] A. Punnoose, K. Dodge, J.J. Beltrán, K.M. Reddy,
N. Franco, J. Chess, J. Eixenberger, and C.A.
Barrero, J. Appl. Phys. 115 (2014) 17B534
[6] J.J. Beltrán, L.C. Sánchez, J. Osorio, L. Tirado,
E.M. Baggio-Saitovitch, and C.A. Barrero, J. Mater.
Sci. 45 (2010) 5002
[7] K. Nomura, C.A. Barrero, J. Sakuma, and M.
Takeda, Phys. Rev. B 75 (2007) 184411
[8] K. Nomura, C.A. Barrero, K. Kuwano, Y. Yamada,
T. Saito, E. Kuzmann, Hyperfine Interact. 191 (2009)
25.
[9] K. Nomura, E. Kuzmann, C.A. Barrero, S.
Stichleutner, and Z. Homonnay, Hyperfine Interact.
184 (2008) 57.

T05: CHEMISTRY AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS OF HIGH-VALENT IRON-OXO
SPECIES
Virender K. Sharma1*, Radek Zboril2, Libor Machala2, and Karolina Siskova2
1Departent of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Helath, Texas A&M University 1266 TAMU, SPH
101, College Station, Texas.
2 Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Departments of Experimental Physics and Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
13
*Corresponding author: e-mail: vsharma@sph.tamhsc.edu
Keywords: Ferrate, oxidation, decontamination
Topic: T05- Catalysis, Corrosion and Environment
The chemistry of iron has been developed early in
the history of mankind as it is the basic metal of the
industrial society and its ore is profoundly present
globally. Iron as the most abundant transition
element, present in alloy with nickel, and constitutes
about a third of entire mass of the Earth’ crust. Iron
is important for most of the living organisms. Iron
has a unique range of valence states from zero to +6
oxidation states, which have numerous applications
in medicine, energy, nanotechnology, biocatalysis,
energy, and environmental remediation. Examples
of biocatalysis include involvement of high-valent
oxoiron(IV) (FeIV = O) and oxoiron(V) (FeV = O)
species in a number of enzymatic systems (1).
These high-valent iron species participate in
halogenation, epoxidation, and hydroxylation
reactions.
In the last decade, our research group is researching
the simple oxo-compounds of higher-valent iron
species, commonly called ferrates (FeVIO42-, Fe(VI),
FeVO43-, Fe(V), and FeIVO44-, Fe(IV)) in aqueous
solution, which have shown their applications in
energy materials, green organic synthesis, and
waste remediation (2). Examples of remediation are
oxidative transformations of toxic inorganic and
organic contamination to non-toxic by products,
inactivation of virus and bacteria, and removal of
toxic metals (e.g. arsenic) (3, 4). The focus of the
presentation will be on demonstrating the chemistry
and applications of these high-valent iron species in
water treatment technology.
Mössbauer spectra of Fe(VI), Fe(V), Fe(IV) and
Fe(III) species can be used to distinguish these iron
species in the solid phase and in the solution
mixture. The isomer shift values of ferrates
decreased almost linearly and can be expressed as
Δ (mm s-1) = 1.084 – 0.326 × OS (1)
Mechanisms of the reactions of ferrates with different
contaminants were studied using Mössbauer
spectroscopy in conjunction with other spectroscopic
and surface techniques. Figure 1 shows the
example of studying the removal of arsenic by Fe(VI)
in which ex-situ and in-situ removal by Fe(III),
generated from Fe(VI), differ.
Figure 1. Different mechanisms of arsenic removal by
Fe(III), ex-situ sorption (left) and Fe(VI) induced in-situ
structural incorporation (right) (5).
References
[1] J. Hohenberger, K. Ray, and K. Meyer, Nature
Commun. 3720 (2012).
[2] V. K. Sharma, Coord. Chem. Rev. 257 (2013)
494-510.
[3] E. Casbeer, V.K. Sharma, Z. Zajickova, and
D.D. Dionysiou, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47 (2013),
4572-4580.
[4] V.K. Sharma, J. Environ. Manage. 92 (2011),
1051-1073.
[5] R. Prucek, J. Tucek, J. Kolařík, J. Filip, Z.
Marušák, V.K. Sharma, and R. Zboril, Environ. Sci.
Technol. 47 (2013) 3283-3292.

T05: DESIGN OF SELF AND MATRIX-SUPPORTED SYSTEMS OF IRON OXIDE
NANOPARTICLES FOR CATALYTIC APPLICATIONS
I.O. Pérez de Berti1, J.F. Bengoa1, S.G. Marchetti1, R.C. Mercader2*
1CINDECA, CONICET, CICPBA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 Nº 257, 1900 La
Plata, Argentina
2 Instituto de Física La Plata, CCT-CONICET, Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad
Nacional de La Plata, 115 y 49, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
*Corresponding author: e-mail: mercader@fisica.unlp.edu.ar
Keywords: Fischer-Tropsch reaction, semi-model catalysts, Mössbauer characterization, pre-synthesized nanoparticles
14
Metallic nanoparticles are widely used as supported
catalysts in many industrial chemical reactions. A
detailed understanding of the enhancement that the
nanoparticles bring about in the stability, activity, and
selectivity of the solids requires quasi-model
catalysts with well-defined surfaces and supported
nanoparticles of homogeneous size. The usual way
of synthesizing catalysts of supported nanoparticles
is to impregnate the solid with a solution that
contains the metal salts that will give rise to the
catalyst. However, this route doesn't necessarily lead
to a catalyst close to the ideal conditions.
The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is a reaction in which
a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide
converts into liquid hydrocarbons mediated by the
presence of a catalyst. The reaction process can be
written as:
nCO + (2n+1) H2  CnH2n+2 + nH2O
In spite that it was developed in the 1920s and that it
has been intensively used over many decades, the
intrinsic mechanism of how it proceeds is not fully
known. In particular, the activity and selectivity
depend on factors that are not easy to isolate. One
of them is the so-called structure sensitivity.
To be able to study the diverse influence of the
different parameters in the activity and selectivity of
the catalysts, we set about to prepare quasi-model
catalysts by a route different from the usual one; we
pre-synthesized systems of narrowly size-distributed
nanoparticles and introduced them afterwards into
the already synthesized matrix. In this talk we will
describe the results obtained after the preparation of
Fischer-Tropsch catalysts made up 3 nm maghemite
nanoparticles supported on SBA-15 matrices.
The catalysts were prepared by pre-synthesizing
γ-Fe2O3 particles and further embedding them into a
modified SBA-15 matrix. The results showed that the
solid kept its structural properties over impregnation,
activation and catalytic reaction performed in realistic
conditions. Out of the many techniques by which we
characterized the solids, Mössbauer spectroscopy
was the one that yielded the more helpful results
allowing the identification of all the relevant
intervening iron species.
Figure 1. Mössbauer spectra of γ-Fe2O3/SBA-15
catalysts measured at the temperatures indicated
after a catalyst reaction conducted at 20 atm.
As an example of the results that will be considered
in the talk, Fig. 1 displays the Mössbauer spectra of
two catalysts that produced a high activity and a
good olefin/paraffin ratio over the Fischer-Tropsch
reaction at 20 atm after being activated in a CO-H2:
CO atmosphere (left) and H2 atmosphere (right).
Both solids underwent catalysis tests and were
measured in a specially designed cell that enabled
keeping the same reactor atmosphere when taken
over to the Mössbauer spectrometer.

T01‐ Advances in experimentation and Data Processing
16

T02‐ Amorphous, Nanocrystals and Nanoparticles
17

T02: MÖSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY AS SOURCE OF COMPLEMENTARY A PRIORI
INFORMATION TO SOLVE CRYSTAL STRUCTURES FROM XRD POWDER DATA
Edilso Reguera
Center for Applied Science and Advanced Technology, Legaria Unit, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico, D. F., Mexico;
Corresponding author: e-mail: edilso.reguera@gmail.com
Mössbauer spectra provide information on the
coordination geometry for the atom involved in the -
resonant nuclear absorption, on the nature of first
and second neighbors, and on its electronic structure
and relative occupation of structural sites in the solid.
All this information is relevant to solve the crystal
structure of new materials from XRD powder data.
To solve the crystal structure of a new material the
best option is to have diffraction data from a single
crystal. Such possibility is available only for a small
fraction, usually < 10 %, of practical situations. In a
single crystal experiment, the diffraction pattern is
the Fourier Transform for the sample in the inverse
space and the crystal model to be refined (in the
direct space) is obtained from the Inverse Fourier
Transform of the recorded diffraction pattern. In XRD
powder experiment, the 3D structural information is
projected in 1D space. From this fact, the crystal
structure for this kind of data must be solved through
an ill-posed problem. This supposes the availability
of a priori structural information or boundary
conditions for the mathematical problem to be
solved. Such a priori information is usually obtained
from spectroscopic techniques. Nuclear, electronic
and vibrational spectra contain information on the
local symmetry (coordination geometry) and nature
of the first neighbors for the atom(s) involved
resonant absorption and re-emission. In this
contribution, the scope of Mössbauer spectroscopy
in that sense is discussed, from several illustrative
examples, where the crystal structure was solved
and then refined, using the corresponding
Mössbauer spectra as source of the required a priori
structural information.
18

T02: NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF BROAD MÖSSBAUER SPECTRA BY USING SIMPLE
DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS
B. Aguilar-García1, A. Sandoval-Nandho1, I. García-Sosa2 O. R. López-Castañares3, O. Olea-Cardoso3 and
A. Cabral-Prieto2(*)
1Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Avenida Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Cuajimalpa, Santa Fe Cuajimalpa,
05300 Ciudad De México, D.F.
2 Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Departamento de Química, Apdo. Postal 18-1027, Col. Escandón,
Deleg. M. Hidalgo, C. P. 11801, México. D. F., México.
3Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Universidad #100, Universitaria, 50130 Toluca de
Lerdo, Estado de México
*Corresponding author: e-mail: agustin.cabral@inin.gob.mx
Keywords: Broad Mössbauer spectra, hyperfine distributions, goettite
Topic: T02- Amorphous, nanocrystal and nanoparticles
19
The analysis of broad Mössbauer spectra is usually
handled by using the convolution between the
Gaussian and Lorentzian lines. There are, however,
many cases were this convolution does not give
meaningful results because the Mössbauer spectra
are the result of a complex superposition of several
patterns and the discrete hyperfine parameters are
difficult to calculate from them. In such cases the use
of hyperfine distribution functions are preferred [1]. In
this paper simple distribution functions are used to
analyze the Mössbauer spectrum of Goethite
nanoparticles. The asymmetrical triangle is shown in
Fig. 1.
Figure 1 (a) Mössbauer spectrum of goethite
nanoparticles recorded at 77K. (b) Asymmetrical
triangular distribution function may be used to
properly fit this spectrum.
Typical representations of the hyperfine field distributions
(HFD) for this nano material are as shown in Fig. 2 (a) and
(b), obtained with known methods [1, 2].
Figure 2. (a) Step distribution function [1], (b) Fourier
series expansion [2].
Figure 3. (a) Gaussian, (b, c) Rational, (d) binomial
distribution functions.
Figure 3 shows, on the other hand, three atypical
representations of the HFD. The decaying curve,
after the maxima, does not appear which seems to
be unnecessary for cases like this. If it does such a
decay is abrupt as indicated in figs. 1 (a). Fig. 2 (a)
and (b) or Fig. 3 (b). In all these cases there is
always a question left: what of the seven HFDs, here
presented, represents best the experimental data.
Morup et al. [3] reproduces the asymmetry of a
Mössbauer spectrum by using an asymmetrical
distribution function for the crystal size of
nanomaterials. Thus, Fig. 3 (d) may be the best
searched solution instead of Fig. 2 (b). In all
presented cases the same order of magnitude for
squared Ji is, however, acceptable.
References
[1] J. Hesse, A. Rübartsch, Journal of Physics E 7
(1974) 526.
[2] Window, B.: J. Phys. E: Sci. Intrum. 4, 401 (1971)
[3] S. MØrup , H. TopsØe and J. Lipka, Journal de
Physique Colloque C6, sup.12, Tome 37, (1976) C6-
287.

T02: STRUCTURAL AND HYPERFINE PROPERTIES OF M-DOPED SNO2
(M=TRANSITION METAL OR RARE EARTH ELEMENT) NANOPARTICLES
J. A. H. Coaquira1, F. H. Aragón1, J. C. R. Aquino1, R.Cohen2, L.C.C.M. Nagamine2, P. Hidalgo3, D. Gouvêa4
1Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília, Núcleo de Física Aplicada, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil.
2 Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, SP 05508-090,Brazil
3Faculdade Gama-FGA, Sector Central Gama, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 72405-610, Brazil.
4Departamento de Metalurgia e Engenharia de Materiais, Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo SP
05508-900, Brazil.
*Corresponding author: e-mail: coaquira.ja@gmail.com
Keywords: M-doped SnO2 nanoparticles, Mössbauer spectroscopy, structural properties
The possibility of using the magnetic properties of
magnetic gas sensing materials instead of their
conventional electrical properties is moving forward
the interest for dilute magnetic semiconductor
oxides. The SnO2 compound is a wide band-gap
(~3.5 eV) semiconductor and widely used as a
conventional gas sensor due to its high reactivity
with environmental gases. The doping of this
semiconductor using transition metals changes its
sensitivity, selectivity and time response with respect
to a number of pollutant gases. However, the use of
magnetic gas sensors requires that the sensing
material shows magnetic order above room
temperature. Although reports indicate room
temperature ferromagnetic properties of transition-metal-
doped SnO2 thin films and powders, the origin
of that order is not clear yet [1].
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
10.0 mol% 5%
2.5 mol%
Transmission (a. u.)
7.5 mol%
P (QS) P (QS)
QS (mm/s)
P (QS)
QS (mm/s)
P (QS)
QS (mm/s)
0.0 mol%
-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
Velocity (mm/s)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
QS (mm/s)
12 Experimental data
8
4
0
-4
Figure 1. Room-temperature Mossbauer spectra of
Gd-doped SnO2 nanoparticles. Isomer shift (IS) as a
function of the Gd content.
In this work, we report the study of the structural and
magnetic properties of M-doped SnO2 (M=transition
metal or rare earth element) nanoparticles
synthesized by a polymer precursor method [2]. X-ray
diffraction patterns indicate the formation of only
the rutile phase for the whole set of samples.
Undoped SnO2 nanoparticles show an average
particles size of ~11 nm and this size shows a
decreasing tendency as the M content is increased,
regardless the M dopant. This crystalline size is
further corroborated by TEM images. Magnetic
measurements, carried out in a wide range of
temperature and applied magnetic field, suggest the
coexistence of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic
phases. Depending on the dopant content, a
ferromagnetic behavior which survives until high
temperatures is determined. Mössbauer spectra,
carried out using a Ca119mSnO3 radiation source,
show no evidences of magnetic splitting and,
depending on the doping element (M), room
temperature Mössbauer spectra are well resolved by
considering doublets. The origin of these doublets
and the effects on the quadrupole splitting and
isomer shift due to the doping are discussed in this
work.
References
[1] W. Wang, Z. Wang, Y. Hong, J. Tang, and M. Yu,
J. Appl. Phys. 99 (2006) 0M115.
[2] D. Gouvêa, A. Smith, J. P. Bonnet, Eur. J. Solid
State Inorg. Chem. 33 (1996) 1015.
0 2 4 6 8 10
-8
IS (x10-3mm/s)
Gd content (%)

T03‐ Applications in Soils, Mineralogy, Geology, Cements and
Archaeology
21

T04‐ Biological and Medical Applications
22

T04: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MAGNETITE
NANOPARTICLES FUNCTIONALIZED WITH CARBOXYL AND AMINO ACIDS
FOR BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS
W. T. Herrera1, A.G. Bustamante Domínguez1, M. Giffoni2, E. Baggio-Saitovitch2 and J. Litterst3
1 Ceramics and Nanomaterials Laboratory, Department of Physics, National University of San Marcos
(UNMSM), A.P. 14-0149, Lima 14, Perú.
2 Brazilian Center for Physics Research (CBPF), 22290-180, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
3 Institute for Physics of Condensed Matter, Technische Universität Braunschweig (TU Braunschweig),
Mendelssohnstrasse 3, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
*Corresponding author: e-mail: wiliam@agdes.pe
Keywords: magnetite nanoparticles functionalized, magnetic nanoparticles
Topic: T04 - Biological and Medical Applications
23
This work involves the synthesis of magnetite
nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized with lauric acid
(LA), oleic acid (OA) and lysine (Lys). The synthesis
was carried out using a chemical route of co-precipitation.
This route allows the production of NPs
functionalized using a basic infrastructure, low cost of
production, the latter very important, especially if we
consider the potential applications in the field of
environmental remediation. In the case of biomedical
applications also chemical route is the best
alternative in this case however requires a more
extensive characterization and clinical trials.
After synthesis of functionalized NPs these
were characterized with the techniques: X-ray
diffraction (XRD), transmission electron
microscopy (TEM), Mössbauer spectroscopy
(MS), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), X-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and
thermogravimetry analysis (TGA).
Of the analysis made by the different
techniques we concluded that functionalized
NPs are of very good quality. All were magnetic
with magnetic saturation of 60 emu/g, for the
case of NPs coated with AL. The XRD and TEM
measurements show that the NPs have an
average size between 9 and 11 nm with spinel
crystal structure with lattice parameter of 8.37
Å. XPS measures determined that iron atoms
has a valence of +3 and +2, with a total ratio of
iron atoms Fe3+:Fe2+ of 2:1. Of the FTIR
measurements we show that AL and AO
molecules are chemically bound to the surface
of the NPs. By TGA measures we calculate the
number of functionalized molecules. In the case
of NPs coated with AL and AO were 1974 and
1486, respectively.
References
[1] Gupta, A.K., Gupta, M., Biomat. (2005) 26, 3995.
[2] Kas, R., Sevinc, E., Topal, U., Acar, H.Y., J. Phys.
Chem. (2010) 114, 7758.
[3] Tsedev Ninjbadgar, et al, Solid State Sciences 6,
(2004) 879–885.
[4] Katerina Kluchova et al. Biomaterials 30 (2009)
2855–2863.

T05‐ Catalysis, Corrosion and Environment
24

T05: PHOTOCATALYTIC EFFECT AND MÖSSBAUER STUDY OF IRON
TITANIUM SILICATE GLASS PREPARED BY SOL-GEL METHOD
Y. Takahashi1*, S. Kubuki1, K. Akiyama1, K. Sinkó 2 and T. Nishida3
1Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University,
Minami-Osawa 1-1, Hachi-Oji, Tokyo 192-0397, JAPAN
2Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P.s. 1/A, Budapest 1117,
25
Figure 1. XRD patterns of FSxTi with 'x' of (A) 10 and
(B) 40 annealed at (a) 400 oC and (b) 1000 oC for 3h.
102
100
98
96
94
92
90
100
95
90
85
(A-a)
(A-b)
(B-a)
(B-b)
Figure 2. FeMS of FSxTi with 'x' of (A) 10 and (B) 40
annealed at (a) 400 oC and (b) 1000 oC for 3h.
HUNGARY
3Department of Biological and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Humanity-Oriented Science and
Engineering, Kinki University, Kayanomori 11-6, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8555, JAPAN
*Corresponding author, e-mail: takahashi-yusuke3@ed.tmu.ac.jp
Keywords: photocatalyst, silicate glass
1. Introduction
Anatase type TiO2 is well known as a photocatalyst
activated by the UV light [1]. It will be more effective
to develop photocatalysts which show their activity
under visible light irradiation. Recently, Takahashi et
al. reported that 50Fe2O3·50SiO2 (in mass %) glass
had photocatalytic activity under the visible light [2].
This result implies that iron silicate glass might be a
practical photocatalyst with high efficiency. In this
study, we report a relationship between local
structure and visible light activated photocatalytic
effect of iron titanium silicate glass prepared by sol-gel
method.
2. Experimental
Iron titanium silicate glasses with a composition of
50Fe2O3•(50-x)SiO2·xTiO2 (in mass %, x = 10-40,
abbreviated as FSxTi) were prepared by sol-gel
method. Reagent chemicals of Si(OC2H5)4,
Fe(NO3)3•9H2O, Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4, HNO3, and C2H5OH
were poured into a beaker and well mixed for 2 h at
RT. After having been agitated by reflux-heat method
at 80 oC for 2 h, the solution was poured into a glass
vial and dried at 60 oC for 3 days to obtain dark
brown gel samples. The samples were annealed
between 400 and 1000 oC for 3 h in air. For the
structural characterization, 57Fe-Mössbauer spectra
(FeMS) were measured by a constant acceleration
mode with a source of 57Co(Rh) with -Fe as a
reference and X-ray diffractmetry (XRD) was carried
out at 2θ between 10° and 80° with an interval and
scanning rate of 0.02° and 5° min-1, respectively. X-ray
with the wavelength of 1.54 Å generated by Cu
filament was targeted by electron accelerated by 300
mA and 50 kV.
3. Results and Discussion
As shown in Figs. 1 (A-a) and (B-a), XRD
patterns of FSxTi with x of 10 and 40 annealed
at 400 oC showed halo patterns due to
amorphous structure, while intensive diffraction
peaks attributed to crystalline phases of
Fe2TiO5, -Fe2O3 and TiO2 were observed when
annealed at 1000 oC (Figs. 1 (A-b) and (B-b)).
FeMS of FS10Ti annealed at 1000 oC for 3 h
showed a sextet with  of 0.38 mm s-1,  of -
0.22 mm s-1and int of 50.6 T due to α-Fe2O3
and a doublet with  of 0.38 mm s-1 and  of
-10 -5 0 5 10
Velocity / mms-1
-10 -5 0 5 10
Velocity / mms-1
105
100
95
90
85
80
100
98
96
94
92
90
0.76 mm s-1 due to Fe2TiO5 (Fig. 2 (A-b)). -
Fe2O3 could not be detected from the XRD
pattern and the FeMS of FS40Ti annealed at
1000 oC. These results indicate that the kinds
and fraction of crystalline phases precipitated in
FSxTi can be controlled by the annealing
conditions and the chemical composition. The
photocatalytic effect of FSxTi is presented on
the day of the conference.
References
[1] A. Fujishima, K. Honda, Nature 238 (1972) 37-38.
[2] Y. Takahashi, S. Kubuki, K. Akiyama, K. Sinkó, E.
Kuzmann, Z. Homonnay, M. Ristić, T. Nishida,
Hyperfine. Interact. 226 (2014) 747-753

T06‐ Chemical Applications, Structure and Bonding
26

T06: 57Fe-MÖSSBAUER STUDY OF ZIRCONIA CONTAINING IRON VANADATE
CLYSTALLIZED GLASS WITH HIGH ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
K. Matsuda1, S. Kubuki1*, K. Akiyama1 and T. Nishida2
1 Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University,
Minami-Osawa 1-1, Hachi-Oji, Tokyo 192-0397, JAPAN.
2 Department of Biological and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Humanity-Oriented Science and
Engineering, Kinki University, Kayanomori 11-6, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8555, JAPAN.
*Corresponding author: e-mail: kubuki@tmu.ac.jp
Keywords: vanadate glass, electron hopping, heat-treatment, monoclinic vanadium-zirconia, beta-vanadium
bronzes
Topic: T06- Chemical Applications, Structure and Bonding
100
98
96
100
98
96
27
Introduction
Vanadate glass is known as a semiconductor with the
electrical conductivity () of 10-7-10-5 S cm-1 due to 3d
electron (polaron) hopping from VVI (or VIII) to VV [1].
A drastic increase in  of up to 100 Scm-1 was
observed for barium iron vanadate glass, BaO-Fe2O3-
V2O5 caused by heat treatment (HT), which has a
registered trademark of ‘NTAglassTM’ [2]. This unique
electrical property shows that vanadate glass will be
a good candidate for electrode of secondary
batteries. In order to find a vanadate glass with
higher , we have investigated several vanadate
glasses. In the present study, we report a new
conductive vanadate glass containing ZrO2 with high
 value without HT.
Experimental
A new vanadate glass with the composition of xZrO2･
10Fe2O3･(90−x)V2O5 (x=0-30), abbreviated as xZFV,
was prepared by a conventional melt-quenching
method under the melting temperature and time of
1200-1400 oC for 1h. For comparison, another
vanadate glass with the composition of xZrO2･(20-
x)CaO･10Fe2O3･70V2O5 (x=0-20), abbreviated as
xZCFV, was prepared under the same condition.
Isothermal heat treatment was performed at 500 oC
for 100 min in air. 57Fe-Mössbauer spectra were
measured by constant acceleration method.
57Co(Rh) and -Fe were used as a source and a
reference, respectively. Measurements of  were
carried out by DC four-probe method.
Results and Discussion
Two doublets with isomer shift () and quadrupole
splitting () of 0.42±0.01 and 0.29±0.01 mm s-1, 0.34±0.03
and 1.48±0.06 mm s-1 were observed from the 57Fe-
Mössbaeur spectrum of heat-treated 20ZFV glass,
respectively of which is ascribed to FeIII2VV4O13 and
an amorphous FeIII-VIV-O phases [3] (Fig. 1(a)). On
the other hand, three paramagnetic doublets with
and  of 0.39±0.01 and 0.33±0.04, 0.40±0.01 and
0.65±0.04, and 0.32±0.01 and 1.12±0.03 mm s-1 were
observed from 0ZCFV glass (Fig. 1(b)), which is
ascribed to FeIIIVVO4 [4]. These results may suggest
that when a glass contained few network-modifiers
(NWM), iron ion partially reduces vanadium from VV
to VIV.
(a)
(b
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
Velocity / mm-1s
Figure 1. 57Fe-Mössbauer spectra of (a) 20ZFV
and (b) 0ZCFV heated at 500 oC for 100min.
A gradual increase in was observed from
6.3×10-5 to 2.9×10-3 S cm-1 with increasing ZrO2
content from 0 to 30 mol%. However, the drastic
increase in due to HT, which could be
observed in 0ZCFV, did not occur for xZFV
glass. It is concluded that introduction of
zirconia into vanadate glass results in higher
conductivity without HT. In addition, we found
that it is favorable for vanadate glass to contain
less than 20 mol% of Ca2+ for the drastic
increase in caused by HT.
References
[1] N.F. Mott, Adv. Phys. V. 16 No.61 (1967) 49
[2] T. Nishida, Jpn. Patent (2006) No. 3854985.
[3] A. Brückner, G.-U. Wolf, M. Meisel, R. Stösser, H.
Mehner, F. Majunke and M. Baerns, J. Catal. V. 154
(1995) 11
[4] S. Kubuki, K. Matsuda, K. Akiyama and T.
Nishida, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. V. 299 (2014)
453

T07‐ Industrial Applications
28

T08‐ Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
29

T08: CORRELATION BETWEEN MILLING TIME OF POWDER, AND THE
TEMPERATURE OF SUBSTRATE ON THE PROPERTIES OF NdFe THIN FILMS
Y.A. Rojas Martínez, D. Oyola Lozano, H. Bustos Rodríguez
Department of Physics, University of Tolima, A.A. 546, Ibagué, Colombia
*Corresponding author: e-mail: yarojas@ut.edu.co
Keywords: Mössbauer spectrometry, Thin films, Mechanical alloy
Topic: T08- Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
In this study we report the structural and magnetic properties, obtained by 57Fe Mössbauer
spectrometry (MS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Physical Properties Measurement System
(PPMS), of amorphous rare-earth transition metal alloys of compositions Nd0.257Fe0.743 prepared
by mechanical alloying during 12, 24, and 48 hours to study the influence of the milling time of
powders. The films were prepared by DC sputtering technique deposited on Kapton substrate, at
substrate temperature varying at 77°K,300°K, 450°K, To study the influence of the temperature
substrate in their magnetic and structural properties.
The X-rays results show that the α-Fe and amorphous phase in all the samples are present. The
first decreases while the second one increase, with increase of the milling time and the substrate
temperature, respectively. Mossbauer spectrometry results show that the amorphous phase in
samples are ferromagnetic and appears as a hyperfine field distribution and a broad doublet. When
the milling time and the substrate temperature increases, the paramagnetic contribution increase
too.
30

T08: IN γ-Fe2MnGa COMPOUND DO Fe AND Mn ORDER MAGNETICALLY AT
THE SAME TEMPERATURE? DO THEY COUPLE PARALLEL OR
ANTIPARALLEL AT LOW TEMPERATURES?
Edson Caetano Passamani
Depto de Física, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
Heusler alloys (HAs) are generically represented by the stoichiometric X2YZ formula, where X and
Y atoms are, in principle, d-elements with more than half-filled and less than half-filled shells,
respectively and Z are atoms with sp-shell electrons. This series of compounds has potential for
technological application including spintronics devices. They usually stabilize at room temperature,
either with L21-type (Fm3m – number 225) full Heusler alloy (HA) or with C1b-type (F-43m) half-HA
structure. Specifically, for the Fe2MnGa HA there are several controversies reported in literature;
either related with its crystal structure or with its magnetic state at high and low temperatures
(above 300 K and below 200 K). According to first principles calculations, Fe2MnGa HA should have
the stable L21-type structure, as typically found in most of full HAs. However, it was recently
reported the L12-type as its stable configuration, determined by electronic calculation. Experimental
results seem also to be contradictory from the structural viewpoint because the samples are no
single crystalline phase. From magnetic viewpoint, a ferromagnetic (FM) state is expected to be the
ground state for the L21-type as well for the L12-type structure; a ferrimagnetic (FI) configuration is
0.02 eV high in energy. An additional controversy is related to the existence of exchange bias (EB)
effect, which is attributed to an antiferromagnetic (AF) state that appears at low temperatures.
However, there is no direct proof for a coexistence of FM and AF states in this material, except for
the presence of the loop shifting effect at low temperatures. Then, as the γ-Fe2MnGa HA has iron
as a natural constituent, 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy could be a suitable method to investigate Fe
environment and its magnetic state, considering that Mn atoms govern the alloy magnetism. Thus,
in this work, bulk and local magnetic properties of the single phase polycrystalline γ-Fe2MnGa
Heusler alloy have been studied in a broad temperature range and under high applied magnetic
fields using X-ray diffraction, magnetization measurements and Mössbauer spectroscopy. X-ray
diffraction data of the γ-Fe2MnGa alloy indicate stabilization of a L12-type structure and no
structural phase transformation induced by thermal effect. While magnetization experiments have
shown that the Mn sublattice is ferromagnetic well above 300 K, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy
indicates that Fe-sublattice orders magnetically at 200 K and couple antiparallel with Mn sublattice.
This ferrimagnetic state is responsible for the magnetization reduction in low temperatures observed
at low temperature. Due to high magnetic anisotropy of this material, a large vertical (magnetization-axis)
and horizontal (field-axis) magnetization loop shift effects are observed in field-cool process
for fields up to 5T, consequently they cannot be purely attributed to the exchange bias effect, as
reported in literature for this Heusler compound.
31

T08: MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF TWO CORE/SHELL NANOPARTICLES
COUPLED VIA DIPOLAR INTERACTION
W. R.Aguirre-Contreras1,*, and A.M. Schönhöbel1
1Grupo de Metalurgia y Transiciones de Fase, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad del
Valle. Cali, Colombia
*Corresponding author: e-mail: william.aguirre@correounivalle.edu.co
Keywords: Magnetic core/shell nanoparticles, Monte Carlo simulation, Metropolis algorithm, dipolar
interaction, Ising Model
We have used Monte Carlo simulations by Metropolis algorithm to study the magnetic properties of
two identical core/shell nanoparticles with spherical shapes. A three-dimensional Ising Model with
ferromagnetic (antiferromagnetic) nearest-neighbor couplings for core (shell) has been used on a
body-centered cubic lattice and we have considered that nanoparticles are coupled by dipolar
interactions. Zero-field cooling simulations were performed to obtain magnetization, susceptibility
and Edward-Anderson factor as a function of dimensionless temperature. We also present the
phase diagram as a function of the distance between nanoparticles and radii.
References
[1] A. Weizenmann and W. Figueiredo. Int. Journ. of Mod. Phys. C, V. 23(08) (2012) 1240006–1
[2] A. Weizenmann and W. Figueiredo. Phys. A, (2010) 389
[3] Liu W, Zhong W, Du YW., J. Nanosc. Nanotechnol. 8(6) (2008) 278
[4] D. Kechrakos and K. N. Trohidou. Appl. Phys. Lett. 81 (2002) 4574
32

T08: MÖSSBAUER AND STRUCTURAL STUDY OF ALLOYS Fe1-XVX
OBTAINED BY MECHANICAL ALLOYING
Dagoberto Oyola Lozano, Yebrayl Antonio Rojas Martínez, Humberto Bustos Rodríguez
1Department of Physics, University of Tolima, A.A. 546, Ibagué, Colombia
*Corresponding author: e-mail: doyola@ut.edu.co
Keywords: Mechanical Alloying, Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Laves phase
In the present work we studied the structural and magnetic properties of milled powders to 12, 48
and 72 hours of the Fe1-xVx with x= 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 obtained by mechanical alloying.
The samples were characterized by Mössbauer spectroscopy and, X-ray diffraction. For times all of
milling results Mössbauer spectra reveal that the samples show a behavior paramagnetic for x>0.5,
and its pattern of X-ray diffraction indicates the presence of the Fe, V and FeV phases.
For times greater than 48 hours of milling Fe1-xVx system with x>0.7 tends to an amorphous
structure.
33

T08: MÖSSBAUER INVESTIGATIONS ON THE DESORBTION OF HYDROGEN
AND HYDROXYL FROM THE IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES
L. Herojit Singh, S. S. Pati, A. C. de Oliveira and V. K. Garg
Institute of Physics, University of Brasília, 70910-970 Brasília, DF, Brazil
*Corresponding author: e-mail: loushambam@gmail.com
Keywords: Mössbauer spectrum, reduction, topotactical transformation
Topic: T08- Magnetism and Magnetic materials
34
Magnetite (Fe3O4) due to its unique magnetic
properties, it plays an important role in biological
applications such as hyperthermia, gene targeting
etc. Stoichiometry of magnetite dictates the
magnetism of magnetite. Iron oxide nanoparticles
were synthesized through precipitation of
FeSO4.7H2O in the presence of NaOH maintaining
the pH value of 11. XRD of the as prepared
nanoparticles confirmed the single phase
formation of Fe3O4 having crystallite size of 60 nm
as derived using Debye Scherer formula.
Mössbauer spectra of the as prepared
nanoparticles and after subsequent thermally
treated at various temperatures at 10-6 mbar are
depicted in Fig 1. These spectra could be resolved
into four subspectra. (a) IS = 0.68 mm/s ,QS =
0.03 mm/s, absorption 47%, Hint = 453 kG
corresponds to Octahedral site of Fe3O4 (b) IS =
0.29 mm/s ,QS = 0.03 mm/s, absorption 26 %,
Hint = 488 kG corresponds to tetrahedral site of
Fe3O4 (c) The third subspectra with an area of 4 %
corresponds to goethite (α-FeOOH) and (d) the
fourth component with 23 % area, Hint of 464 kG,
QS = 0.14 mm/s and IS = 0.33 mm/s. corresponds
to hematite (α-Fe2O3) The presence of hematite
could not be observed by XRD, because thermal
treatment altered the stoichiometry of Fe3O4 with
fine nanoparticles. The heat treatment at 423K
reduced the octahedral component to 37 % and
the tetrahedral part increased to 38%. Surfaces
with defects such as oxygen vacancies dissociates
from H2O that came into contact into H+ and OH-that
got adsorbed resulting to hydrogenated
surface. The dissociated H+ and OH- could not
recombine due to the Jahn-Teller distorted surface
that could kinetically hinder recombinative
desorption. Mild heat treatment desorbs the H+ and
OH– driving away oxygen from the particles.
Therefore the reduction of α-FeOOH to off-stoichiometric
magnetite take place at 423 K and
in the process some fraction of magnetite got
oxidized leading to decrease of octahedral fraction
by 10 %. However thermal treatment at 423 K is
not sufficient to drive away oxygen from the non-cubic
fraction and thus remains unchanged.
Increase in thermal treatment temperature to 523
K reduces the non-cubic to off-stoichiometric
magnetite.
Fig1. Mössbauer spectra of the nanoparticles
and the subsequent treated at various
temperatures.
Further increase in the temperature i.e. at 523 K
reduces α-Fe2O3 and α-FeOOH to off-stoichiometric
magnetite. The Mössbauer spectra
of the nanoparticles after subjecting to 773 K are
resolved into Fe3O4 and 13 % γ-Fe2O3.
As the temperature increases from a 773 K
temperature the H and OH are desorbed from the
surface of the nanoparticles causing
recombination resulting in diminution of the rate of
reduction of the particles. Further increase in the
temperature (above 873 K) the adsorbed H and
OH no more acts as the reducing agent therefore
topotactical transformation of α-FeOOH to α-Fe2O3
takes place and the α-Fe2O3 nucleates to larger
particles experiencing the hyperfine field of a bulk
α-Fe2O3.
Acknowledgements: This work was supported by
CAPES project A 127-2013; LHJ and SSP
thankfully acknowledge post doctoral fellowships.

T08: MÖSSBAUER STUDY OF ALLOYS Fe67.5Ni32.5, PREPARED BY ALLOY
35
Fe67.5Ni32.5
Fe67.5Ni32.5
without sieve
-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
1.00
0.98
0.96
0.94
1.01
1.00
0.99
0.98
0.97
0.96
1.00
0.98
0.96
 m
RT Mφssbauer spectra of the MA Fe67.5Ni32.5 samples milled for 10 h.
relative transmission [%] relative transmission [%]
m m
Relative transmition [%]
-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
0.94
V[mm/s]
MECHANICAL
E.D. Benítez Rodríguez1, H. Bustos Rodriguez1, D. Oyola Lozano1, Y. A. Rojas Martínez1 y G.A.
Pérez Alcázar2
1Department of Physics, University of Tolima, A.A. 546, Ibagué, Colombia
2) Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Departamento de Química, Apdo. Postal 18-1027, Col.
Escandón, Deleg. M. Hidalgo, C. P. 11801, México. D. F., México.
*Corresponding author: e-mail: edbenitezr@ut.edu.co, hbustos@ut.edu.co
Keywords: Mechanical alloying, X-Ray Diffraction, FeNi alloys, Mössbauer Spectrometry
We present the study Mössbauer of the system
Fe67.5Ni32.5, prepared by mechanical alloying
(MA). The structural, electronic and magnetic
properties of alloys were analyzed using the
techniques of x-ray diffraction (XRD),
spectroscopy Mössbauer (MS) and PPMS
(Physical Properties Measurement System),
respectively. Samples are prepared with
powders of iron and nickel in high purity
(99.99%), is the respective stoichiometry of
powders and powders in a planetary mill of high
energy, alloy during a period of 10 hours with a
20: 1 ratio, from mass to mass of dust balls.
Alloys are then sieved in different mesh: 18, 35,
60, 120, 230, 400 y 500 which are respectively
equivalent a: 1mm, 500 μm, 250 μm, 125 μm,
63 μm, 38 μm y 25 μm. Mössbauer spectra in
all alloys present a ferromagnetic behavior (see
figure 1). In the graphs ZFC and FC, apparently
exists in unscreened spin glass transition below
50K, which is reached to notice a bit in sample
sizes between 63 and 125 micron and
disappears for smaller sizes than 25 microns.
This means that this phase is related to the
larger particles. Besides the curve FC as low
temperature is nearly constant for the first two
and it may be due to magnetic dipole interaction
is less intense for small particle as in this FC
curve increases at low temperatures.

T08: SPIN DYNAMICS IN COEXISTING ANTIFERROMAGNETIC AND
SPINGLASS STATES OF MULTIFERROIC LEAD PEROVSKITES
S. Chillal1, F.J. Litterst2,4 *, S.N. Gvasaliya1, T. Shaplygina3, S.G. Lushnikov3, J.A. Munevar4, E.
Baggio Saitovitch4 and A. Zheludev1
1 ETH Zürich, Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Magnetism, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland, 2 Technische
Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.3 Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS,
194021St.Petersburg, Russia. 4Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, 22290-180 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
*Corresponding author: e-mail: j.litterst@tu-bs.de
Keywords: multiferroics, spin dynamics, perovskites, Mössbauer spectroscopy
Topic:T08- Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
0.2
0.1
0.08
0.04
0.00
36
PbFe1/2Nb1/2O3 (PFN) and PbFe1/2Ta1/2O3 (PFT)
belong to the family of PbB’xB’’1-xO3 perovskites
which have inherent chemical disorder at the B-site.
Due to this disorder, complex magnetic
phase diagrams are expected in these materials
that undergo ferroelectric transitions already
above room temperature. Magnetic ground
states ranging from simple antiferromagnetic to
incommensurate structures have been reported
[1]. As recently shown for PFN and PFT via
macroscopic characterization, neutron
scattering and 57Fe Mössbauer spectro-scopy,
both compounds reveal antiferromagnetic
transitions at 145 K and 153 K, respectively,
followed by a spinglass transition around 10 K,
below which antiferromagnetism coexists with a
spinglass [2,3]. We suggest that the mechanism
which is responsible for such a non-trivial
ground state can be explained by a
speromagnet-like spin arrangement (Fig. (1)).
Figure 1. Schematic of the coexisting
antiferromagnetic spinglass phase in the
ground state of PFN and PFT.
Mössbauer spectroscopy reveals strongly
temperature dependent broadenings (Fig.
(2a,b)) of magnetic hyperfine patterns. This may
originate from dynamic mechanisms and some
inhomogeneous broadening. Notably, there is
found an unusual increase of the mean
magnetic hyperfine field below 50 K (Fig. (2c))
that is accompanied by a decrease in the
antiferromagnetic magnetic Bragg peak
intensity as measured by neutron scattering
(Fig. (2d)). This is indicative for the onset of
magnetic freezing on the time scale of
Mössbauer spectroscopy resembling earlier
findings in re-entrant spinglass systems [4]. We
shall present a coherent analysis of the spin
dynamics and its temperature dependent
development along the different magnetic
regimes, as probed by 57Fe.
50
40
30
20
10
0
7500
5000
2500
Figure 2. a), b) The distribution of hyperfine
fields in PbFe1/2Nb1/2O3 at 4K and 30K, c)
temperature dependent mean magnetic
hyperfine field at the Fe3+ ion as observed by
Mössbauer spectro-scopy, d) AF Bragg peak
intensity measured by neutron scattering at
wave vector (½, ½, ½)
References
[1] G.A. Smolenskii and I.E. Chupis, Sov. Phys.
Usp. 25 (1982) 475.
[2] S. Chillal, et al., Phys. Rev. B 86 (2013)
220403R.
[3] S. Chillal, et al., Phys. Rev. B 87 (2014)
174418.
[4] R.A. Brand, et al., J. Phys. F 15 (1985) 1987,
and references given there
Fe3+
Nb5+
Φ
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
0
Temper ature (K)
Intensity (a.u.)
QAF=(1/2, 1/2, 1/2)
<Bhf> (T)
b d
0.0
-20 0 20 40 60 80
Probability
4 K
Bhf (T)
30 K
a)
b)
c)
d)

T08: STUDY OF STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF
Fe DOPED, Co DOPED, AND Fe-Co CO-DOPED ZnO
J.J. Beltrán1*, J.A. Osorio1, C.A. Barrero1 and A. Punnoose2
1Grupo de Estado Sólido, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
2 Department of Physics, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725-1570, United States
*Corresponding author: E-mail address: jjbj08@gmail.com
Keywords: Diluted magnetic semiconductors, ZnO, Mössbauer spectra.
Topic: T08-Magnetism and Materials Magnetic.
Several works have reported ferromagnetic
(FM) behavior in Fe doped, Co doped and Fe-
Co co-doped ZnO systems, but there are a lot
of controversies about the observed
ferromagnetism. Then, careful structural and
magnetic investigations with high quality single-phase
37
samples are desired to investigate in
detail this controversy.
In this work, we explore the effect of Fe doping,
Zn1-xFexO, Co doping, Zn1-xCoxO and Fe-Co co-doping
Zn1-xFexCoxO with x =0.0, 0.01, 0.03 and
0.05 on the crystallographic, structural, optical
and magnetic properties of zinc oxide
nanoparticles, prepared by Sol-Gel method.
These fine powders of the as-obtained product,
after being annealed at 550 oC for 1h, were
characterized by X ray diffraction (XRD), optical
absorption, X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy
(XPS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)
at RT and as a function of temperature, RT 57Fe
Mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetic
measurements as a function of applied
magnetic field and as a function of temperature
[1, 2].
The XRD patterns showed that the formation of
hexagonal wurtzite ZnO crystal structure in all
samples was discerned as the only single
phase. Optical absorption results displayed that
Co doped ZnO samples exhibited smaller band
gaps (Eg) than Fe doped ZnO samples and that
Fe-Co co-doped ZnO nanopowders showed
intermediate values. In RT 57Fe Mössbauer
spectra for all Zn1-xFexO samples only
paramagnetic signals were detectable, ascribed
to Fe3+. For x=0.05 the introduction of a third
doublet was clearly necessary, which was
attributed to spinel phase ZnFe2O4. In contrast,
the spectra of Zn1-xFexCoxO sample did not
show this third doublet, suggesting that Co ions
might be preventing the formation of ZnFe2O4.
XPS and EPR results showed only Co2+ ions for
Zn1-xCoxO samples with x =0.01 and 0.03, and
with further doping, mixed valence of Co2+ and
Co3+ were evidenced, while in Fe-Co co-doped
ZnO samples this mixed valence was observed
for all doping concentration. Additionally,
variable temperature EPR studies in Zn1-
xFexCoxO suggested that some Co2+ ions are
weakly FM coupled.
Interestingly, pure ZnO sample exhibited very
weak ferromagnetism, which might arise from
the presence intrinsic defects that can become
magnetic. The RT M vs H data of all doped and
co-doped samples exhibited a linear component
superimposed on a saturating FM-like
magnetization. The FM character of Zn1-xFexO
and Zn1-xCoxO were similar to each other, but
increased compared with that of undoped ZnO.
Now, Zn1-xFexCoxO samples showed higher FM
behavior in comparison to the presence of only
one of these cations. We deem that more
probably the main role of Fe3+ ions in ZnO
structure may be related to the formation of
defects on the surface region, while Co ions
have higher effect in its electronic properties. In
Zn1-xFexCoxO the magnetic signal has been
interpreted in terms of the charge transfer
ferromagnetism involving mixed valence ions,
most likely Co3+−Co2+ in addition to changes in
the electronic structure associated with the
presence of defects in the nanoparticles. The
study suggested that the simultaneous
introduction of Fe and Co ions in ZnO lattice
has a strong synergistic effect because they
eliminated the formation of the ZnFe2O4 and
gave the strongest ferromagnetic signal in
comparison to the presence of only one of these
cations.
References
[1] J.J. Beltrán et.al J. Phys. Chem. C 118
(2014) 13203−13217.
[2] J.J. Beltrán et.al J. Appl. Phys. 113 (2013)
17C308.

T08: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NixCo1-xFe2O4 Nanoparticles
P.M.A. Caetano1, P. R. Matos1, A. S. Albuquerque1, L.E. Fernadez-Outon2, J.D. Ardisson1 and
W.A.A. Macedo1
1Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear (CDTN), Serviço de Nanotecnologia, Belo Horizonte,
Minas Gerais, Brasil.
2 Universidade Federal de Mina Gerais (UFMG), Departamento de Física, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais,
Brasil.
*Corresponding author: e-mail: patriciamacaetano@gmail.com
Keywords: Ferrite, magnetism, nanostructure
Topic: T08 - Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
Nanostructured magnetic systems have been
intensively investigated due to the different
behavior of the materials at least one of their
dimensions is in the nanometer range1. Among
the nanostructured materials, ferrites, iron
oxides of the type MFe2O4 (M = divalent metal
ion) have been widely studied due to their
magnetic properties, some of which are of great
potential for application in the manufacturing of
sensors with high sensitivity, e.g. for biomedical
applications, such as hyperthermia, among
others2,3. The present work consists in the
synthesis and the investigation of structural and
magnetic properties of nanostructured NixCo(1-
x)Fe2O4 (with x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0) for
hyperthermia applications. Ferrite nanoparticles
were synthesized by coprecipitation and
calcined at 700 °C, for 2 h. The nanoparticles
were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),
Mössbauer spectroscopy and vibrating sample
magnetometry (VSM). The capacity of heat
generation of the ferrites, dispersed in deionized
water when submitted to an AC field (198 kHz
and 220 Oe), was investigated. The XRD
patterns, Fig.1 (a), showed well defined peaks,
indicating the formation of the desired spinel
phase. The average particle size was about 30
nm as calculated from Scherrer's formula. The
magnetization curves showed that the coercivity
and saturation magnetization increase due to
the increase of cobalt content, as can be seen
in Table 1.
Table 1 – Saturation magnetization and coercivity
of the ferrite samples
Saturation magnetization (MSat) and Coercivity (Hc)
NixCo1-xFe2O4 X=1 X=0.75 X=0.5 X=0.25 X=0
MSat (emu/g) 20 42 49 63 66
Hc (Oe) 150 490 920 1000 1413
38
(b)
Figure 1 (a) XRD patterns and (b) Mössbauer
spectra of ferrite samples studied.
Mössbauer spectra of the ferrite samples,
measured at 80 K, are shown in Fig.1 (b). The
spectra were fitted with two sextets referring to
the Fe3+ ions present in tetrahedral and
octahedral sites. Samples with higher content of
Ni showed significant heating, reaching
temperatures higher than 50 oC after 30 min
under an alternating magnetic field due to both
Brownian motion and magnetisation reversal.
Our results indicated that, the control of Ni and
Co content, and the nanoparticle concentration,
would allow for the tailoring of the heating
capabilities of these ferrites being a promising
material for several applications, such as
hyperthermia.
This work is supported by CAPES (PNPD),
CNPq and FAPEMIG.
References
[1] Q.A. Pankhurst, J.Connolly, S.K. Jones, J.
Dobson, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 36, R167
(2003).
[2] C.A. Sawyer, H. Habib, K. Miller, K.N.
Collier, C.L. Ondeck, M.E. McHenry, J. Appl.
Phys. 105, 07B320 (2009).
[3] B. D. Cullity, Introduction to Magnetic
Materials (Addison-Wesley, London, 1972).

T08: SYNTHESIS OF SILVER -COATED MAGNETITE NANOCOMPOSITE
FUNCTIONALIZED BY AZADIRACTHA INDICA
J. L. López1, C. Carioca Fernandes1, D. M. Sá Oliveira1, M. Amorim Lima1, J. H. Dias Filho2, R.
Paniago3 and K. Balzuweit3
1Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Núcleo de Física, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco,
AC 69915-900, Brazil.
2) Departamento de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39.401-089, Minas Gerais,
Brazil.
3) Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
*Corresponding author: e-mail: jorge0503@gmail.com
Keywords: Nanoparticles,functionalization,
39
Magnetic nanoparticles of iron oxides such as
magnetite (Fe3O4) were coated with silver and
then functionalized with extract of Azadirachta
indica (Neem) forming a composite for use as
non-toxic for the control of insect pests
magnetic boots. The development of these
composites requires a detailed study of the
synthesis and magnetic properties of the
functionalized nanoparticles to be used as an
insecticide. In agriculture Azadirachta indica is
used as a natural pesticide [1] and it was our
interest to develop functionalized composite
magnetic nanoparticles to combat Spodoptera
frugiperda which is a pest of major importance
in maize by reducing up to 34% crop
productivity. This nanobiotechnological
insecticide could also be applied to other type of
pest. Magnetic fluids based on Fe3O4 has been
synthesized using the condensation method by
coprecipitating aqueous solutions of FeSO4,
HCl and FeCl3, oleic acid mixtures in NaOH at
room temperature [2-3]. Coating of Fe3O4
magnetic nanoparticles was achieved by
dispersing this magnetite in AgNO3 solution
containing specific amount of urea in vigorous
stirring and mixture of sodium hydroxide
solution and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), as
stabilizer polymer, was added and finally a
solution glucose was mixture. In the next step
magnetite-silver core-shell nanoparticles were
functionalized by Azadirachta indica. Samples
with an average particle diameter ~7 nm and
different concentrations of extract were studied
by Mössbauer spectroscopy and dc
magnetization measurements in the range of
4.2–250 K. The saturation magnetization (Ms) at
4.2 K were determined from M vs 1/H plots by
extrapolating the value of magnetizations to
infinite fields, to 3 - 5 emu/g and coercivity to
20- 50 Oe. The low saturation magnetization
value was attributed to spin noncollinearity
predominantly at the surface. From the
magnetization measurements a magnetic
anisotropy energy constant (K) between 1.3 - 3
×104 J/m3 were calculated. Fe3O4 functionalized
spectra at room temperature showed a singlet
due to superparamagnetic relaxation and two
sextets at low temperature. The line form in
spectra Mössbauer vary with the temperatures it
were simulated using a model of
superparamagnetic relaxation of two levels
(spin ½) and theory stochastic. It was taken into
account that a distribution of the size of the
particles that obeys a log-normal.
References
[1] A. H. Varella Bevilacqua H., B. Suffredini,
M.M. Bernardi, Rev. Inst. Ciências da Saúde;
26(2) (2008)157.
[2] J. L. López, J.H. Dias Filho, R. Paniago, H. –
D. Pfannes, K. Balzuweit, Revista ECIPerú,
10(2) (2014) 5.
[3] Y.M. Wang, X. Cao, G.H. Liu, R.Y. Hong,
Y.M. Chen, X.F. Chen, H.Z. Li, B.Xu, D.G. Wei,
J. Magn. Magn, Mater. 323 (2011) 2953.

T09‐ Multilayers, Thin Films and Artificially Structured Materials
40

T10‐ Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science
41

T10: MÖSSBAUER AND XRD CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PHASE
TRANSFORMATIONS IN A Fe-Mn-Al-C AS. CAST ALLOY DURING
TRIBOLOGY TEST
J. Ramos1, J. F. Piamba2, H. Sánchez3, and G.A. Pérez Alcázar2*
1Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Km. 2 vía Jamundí, Cali, Colombia
2Universidad del Valle, Departamento Física, A.A. 25360, Cali, Colombia
3Universidad del Valle, Escuela de Materiales, A.A. 25360, Cali, Colombia
*Corresponding author: e-mail: gpgeperez@gmail.com
Keywords: Fermanal steels, DRX, Mossbauer spectrometry, tribology
Topic: T10- Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science
42
In this study Fe-29Mn-6Al–0,9C-1,8Mo-1,6Si-
0,4Cu (%w) alloy was prepared in an induction
furnace. Chemical analysis of the as-cast
sample was performed by optical emission
spectrometry; Pin on Disk Tribometer (ASTM
G99) at room temperature was used to evaluate
the mass loss. Microstructure was characterized
by Optical Microscopy, Ray X Diffraction and
Transmission Mossbauer Spectroscopy. The
obtained microstructure of the as-cast sample is
of dendritic type and its XRD pattern (not shown
here) was refined with the lines of the austenite
with a volumetric fraction of 99.39% and lattice
parameter of 3.67 Å, and the lines of the
martensite with a volumetric fraction of 0.61%
and lattice parameters of 2.91 and 3.09 Å.
1,00
0,95
0,90
0,85
exp
total
fit1
-9 -6 -3 0 3 6 9
relative transmission
V [mm/s]
Figure 1. Mossbauer spectrum of the as-cast
sample.
Fig. 1 shows the Mossbauer spectrum of the as-cast
sample and it was fitted with a singlet
which corresponds to the austenite.
After the tribology test, using a charge of 3N,
the surface of the sample was examined and in
Fig. 2 its XRD pattern is shown. The refinement
of this pattern was performed with the lines of
the austenite phase with a volumetric fraction of
97.89% and lattice parameter of 3.67 Å, and
also the lines of the martensite with a volumetric
fraction of 2.21% and lattices parameters of
2.90 and 3.09 Å.
Figure 2. XRD pattern of the surface of the as-cast
sample after the wear test.
Finally Fig. 3 shows the Mossbauer spectrum of
the surface of the as-cast sample after the wear
test.
1,00
0,95
0,90
0,85
exp
total
fit1
fit2
fit3
fit4
fit5
-12 -9 -6 -3 0 3 6 9 12
relative transmission
V [mm/s]
Figure 3. Mossbauer spectra of the surface of the
as-cast sample after the wear test
This spectrum was fitted with a big
paramagnetic site with similar parameters of
that shown in Fig. 1, which corresponds to the
austenite phase of Fe and a hyperfine magnetic
field distribution which is associated to the
disordered martensite which appear in the
surface as a consequence of the wear process.
The martensite is the responsible of the
hardening of the material.

T10: STRUCTURAL STUDY ON Li2Fe1-xNixSiO4
J.A. Jaén1, M. Jiménez2, E. Flores3, A. Muñoz2, J.A. Tabares4, and G.A. Pérez Alcázar4
1Depto. de Química Física, CITEN, Edificio de Laboratorios Científicos-VIP, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá
2Depto. de Física, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá
3Escuela de Física, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá
4Departamento de Física, Universidad del Valle, AA 25360, Cali, Colombia
*Corresponding author: e-mail: juan.jaen@up.ac.pa
Keywords: Orthosilicates, Li2FeSiO4.
Topic: T10- Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science
Li2FeSiO4 is a promising cathode material for Li-ion
43
battery applications [1]. This material has
good electrochemical activity and high cycling
stability, but poor electronic conductivity and
lithium ion mobility. One manner to improve the
electrochemical performance is to dope with an
isovalent cation [2-4].
Li2Fe1-xNixSiO4 (x=0, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.30)
samples were prepared via solid state reaction
to study the effects of doping Ni on the crystal
structure of the orthosilicate. The phase
structure, morphology and composition of
Li2Fe1-xNixSiO4 nanocrystals were investigated
by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer
spectroscopy (MS), Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive
spectrometer (EDS), respectively. Mössbauer
spectra are shown en Figure 1.
X-ray diffraction data accompanied by Rietveld
refinement and Mössbauer measurements
showed that both, the pristine and doped Li2Fe1-
xNixSiO4, basically crystallize in a monoclinic
structure with (P21/n) symmetry. The doped
materials up to 5% mol of Ni2+ retain the
monoclinic structure and lattice parameter,
which indicates that doping agent introduces
into the structure of Li2FeSiO4 without
destroying the lattice structure. There is a small
increase of volume of the unit cell and slight
changes in local environments around the FeO4
and SiO4 tetrahedra with increasing Ni doping.
The crystallite size calculated from the Scherrer
equation is about 60 nm. Some small amounts
of electrochemical deleterious impurities, Fe2+
and Fe3+ phases, and unreacted Li2SiO3 are
detected. Samples doped with more than 10
mol% contain some magnetic impurity of Fe-Ni
alloy as a result of the reduction of the Fe2+
provided in the raw materials by residual
carbon. The in situ formed carbon may enhance
the electronic conductivity of the electrode, and
effectively suppresses the grain growth of
Li2FeSiO4 [5-7]. Magnetic measurements
indicated that the lithium iron orthosilicate is a
paramagnetic ceramic which becomes
antiferromagnetic below 23 K. Nickel dopant
does not modify the paramagnetic nature of this
cathode material.
Figure 1. Room temperature Mössbauer
spectra of Li2Fe1-xNixSiO4 samples.
References
[1] A. Nytén, A. Abonimrane, M. Armand, T.
Gustafsson and J.O. Thomas, Electrochem.
Commun. 7 (2005), 156-160.
[2] Y.H. Chen, Y.M. Zhao, X.N. An, J.M. Liu,
Y.Z. Dong, Electrochim. Acta 54 (2009), 5844-
5850.
[3] C. Deng, S. Zhang, S.Y. Yang, B.L. Fu and
J. Ma, J. Power Sources 196 (2011), 386–392.
[4] B. Shao and I. Taniguchi, J. Power Sources,
199 (2012) 278-286.
[5] L.M. Li, H.J. Guo, X.H. Li, Z.X. Wang, W.J.
Peng, K.X. Xiang and X. Cao, J. Power Sources
189 (2009), 45-50.
[6] Z. Yan, S. Cai, L. Miao, X. Zhou and Y.
Zhao, J. Alloys Compd. 511(1) (2012), 101-106.
[7] Z. Yan, S. Cai, L. Miao, X. Zhou and Y.
Zhao, J. Alloys Compd. 511(1) (2012), 101-106.

T02 CHARACTERIZATION OF NATURAL ZEOLITE CLINOPTILOLITE FOR SORPTION OF
45
CONTAMINATNS
E. Xingu-Contreras1, G.
García-R1, I. García-Sosa2
and A. Cabral-Prieto2(*)
1Instituto Tecnológico de Toluca, Avenida Tecnológico S/N, Fraccionamiento. La Virgen, c. p. 52149, Metepec, Estado de México,
México.
2) Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Departamento de Química, Apdo. Postal 18-1027, Col. Escandón, Deleg. M.
Hidalgo, C. P. 11801, México. D. F., México.
*Corresponding author: e-mail: agustin.cabral@inin.gob.mx
Keywords: zeolites, nanomaterials, Móssbauer. Sorption.
Topic: T02- Amorphous, nanocrystal ans nanoparticles
Cd contaminated rivers is one of the ambient problems that society is facing since long time ago. The traditional chemical
routines produce secondary to use procedures of green chemistry [1]. In this sense present study a Mexican pretreated
natural zeolite, products that the environment is further contaminates. So, new methodologies are necessary to
remediate these ambient problems by trying the Clinoptilolite, with adsorbed nano crystals of Fe0 is used to remove Cr(II)
in aqueous phase. The characterization of this pretreated zeolitic material, before and after the sorption process was
made using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanned electron microscopy (SEM/EDS) and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The XRD
patterns of this zeolitic material are characteristic the Clinoptilolite zeolite only.
Figure 1 XRD patterns of the treated Clinoptilolite. (a) Tarjeta JCPDS, (b) natural zeolite, (c) natural zeolite with Fe0
nanoparticles.
From SEM, nano particles of different size were observed ranging from 8 to 120 nm. The Mössbauer spectra of these
zeolite materials may consist of a well defined quadrupole double superimposed to broad magnetic pattern. From the
isothermal curves of adsorption 35 mg of Cd(II) /g of natural zeolite can be removed from aqueous media.
Figure 2. SEM image of the natural zeolite with nano particles of Fe0, prepared with 0.54 g of FeCl3 6 H2O per g of
natural zeolite [2].
Figure 3. Typical Mössbauer spectrum of natural zeolite with Fe0 core-shell nano particles.

The sorption of Cd(II) using natural zeolite alone removes 30 mg of Cd(II)/g, suggesting that iron nano particles may
favor the removal of heavy metals more efficiently.
References
[1] Lázar, K., Beyer, H., Onyestyák, G., Jönsson, B., Varga, L., & Pronier, S. NanoStructured Materials, 12, (1999). 155-
158.
[2] Yuvakkumar, R., Elango, V., Rajendran, V., & Kannan, N. Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures", (2011).
1771-1776.
46

T02 NOVEL PROTOCOL FOR THE SOLID‐STATE SYNTHESIS OF MAGNETITE FOR
1.000
0.995
0.990
0.985
0.980
-12 -9 -6 -3 0 3 6 9 12
Velocity (mm/s)
-10 -5 0 5 10
Velocity (mm/s)
47
MEDICAL PRACTICES
D.L. Paiva, A.L. Andrade,
J.D. Fabris, J.D. Ardisson,
and R.Z. Domingues
1Department of Chemistry CCEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto,
35400-000 Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
2Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM),
39100-000 Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
3Laboratory of Applied Physics, Center for the Development of the Nuclear Technology,
31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
4Department of Chemistry ICEx, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG),
31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
*Corresponding author: e-mail: jdfabris@ufmg.br
Keywords: Biomedicine, Nanotechnology, Sucrose
Real benefits of nanotechnology both in industrial processes and in medicine are being inimitable. Reducing sizes may
significantly change some physical and chemical properties, including electrical conductivity, magnetic response, active
surface area, chemical reactivity, and biological activity, relatively to the corresponding characteristics of the bulk
counterpart material. The way nanoparticles are synthesized may determine their morphological uniformity, their particle
sizes distribution and, as a critical feature for clinical purposes, their purity. These conditions become one of the key-issues
for researchers in nanoscience and developers in nanotechnology, particularly to plan the synthesis of maghemite
(-Fe2O3) or magnetite (Fe3O4) with controlled form, size in the nanoscale and magnetically induced hyperthermic
behavior, if the material is to be destined to medical clinical practices. This work was devoted to the synthesis of
magnetite nanoparticles by reducing the chemical oxidation state of iron (III) in a commercial synthetic maghemite. The
direct solid-state chemical conversion procedure that was first used by Pereira [1] to obtain magnetite by mixing and
burning a natural hematite (Fe2O3) with glucose was found unsuccessful, in the present case. Instead, the magnetite
could only be effectively produced by putting the reacting mixture of the starting synthetic commercial maghemite mixed
with sucrose in a furnace at 400 oC for 20 min. The after-reaction residual carbon was removed with an oxidant chemical
agent to render the suitably pure magnetic oxide. The samples were characterized by Mössbauer spectroscopy; powder
X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The 298 K-Mössbauer spectrum collected for the starting
maghemite and the corresponding parameters are given in Figure 1 and Table 1. Figure 2 shows the spectrum and the
corresponding parameters (Table 2) for the obtained magnetite by using a mass ratio maghemite:sucrose of 1:5.
Relative transmission
Figure 1. 298 K-Mössbauer spectrum for the starting commercial synthetic maghemite.
Table 1: Hyperfine parameters of the fitted Mössbauer spectra recorded at 298 K.
*/mms-1 2/mms-1 Bhf/T RA/%
0.33 0.01 50.3 77
0.30 -0.06 48.8 13
1.0043
0.9960
0.9877
Relative transmission
Figure 2. 298 K-Mössbauer spectra for the obtained magnetite after the calcinations of maghemite with sucrose.

Table 2: Hyperfine parameters of the fitted Mössbauer spectra recorded at 298 K.
*/mms-1 2/mms-1 Bhf/T RA/%
0.65 0.04 45.9 64
0.27 -0.02 48.9 34
*Relative to Fe.
Acknowledgements:
Work supported by FAPEMIG and CNPq (Brazil). JDF is indebted to CAPES (Brazil) for granting his Visiting
Professorship at UFVJM under the PVNS program and to CNPq for the grant # 305755-2013-7.
Reference
[1] Pereira, MC (2009) Preparação de novos catalisadores tipo Fenton heterogeneous à base de óxidos de ferro
formados em litologia de itabirito. DSc thesis. UFMG, Brazil. In Portuguese.
48

T02 MÖSSBAUER STUDIES OF POLYANILINE COATED MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES J.C. Maciel1,2, A.A.D.
49
Merces2, M. Cabrera2, W.T.
Shigeyosi3, S. D. de Souza4,
M. Olzon-Dionysio4, C.A.
Cardoso3 and L.B. Carvalho
Jr.2
1Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil.
2Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife,PE, Brazil.
3Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
4 Universidade Federal dos Vales de Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
*Corresponding author: e-mail: jackeline_maciel@hotmail.com
Keywords: PANI, magnetic nanoparticles, magnetite
Topic:T02- Amorphous, Nanocrystals and Nanoparticles
Polyaniline (PANI) draws special attention among other conducting polymers due to the simple synthetic methodology, good
environmental stability, optical activity, controllable doping [1], easy tunability of its electronic properties and high levels of
electromagnetic shielding performances at microwave frequencies with a low mass by unit of surface [2]. The aim of this work is to
study the structural and magnetic characteristics of polyaniline coated magnetic nanoparticles for their application as an insoluble
support for enzyme immobilization.
The differences in the crystalline behavior of magnetic nanoparticles and polyaniline coated magnetic nanoparticles (mPANI) are
analyzed using XRD measurements. Fig. 1 shows XRD patterns for magnetic nanoparticles and mPANI.
Figure 1. XRD patterns.
The 2θ peaks at 18.44°, 30.30°, 35.67°, 43.37°, 53.80°, 57.35°, 62.97°, 71.43° and 74.48° are attributed to the crystal planes of
magnetite. According to Yu et al. [3], the absence of the (221) reflections, corresponding to maghemite, suggests magnetite as a
predominant phase. In this work, the absence of this peak was also observed. However, we cannot rule out the presence of
maghemite in the samples produced, as the FTIR results, for example, suggest otherwise (Fig. 1). Fig. 2 shows the adjusted
Mössbauer spectra at 298 K for magnetic nanoparticles and mPANI, where the contribution of two magnetic subspectra corresponds
to Fe3+ in the tetrahedral position and [Fe3+/Fe2+] in the octahedral coordination in the spinel structure.
Figure 2. Mössbauer spectra at room temperature.
In Fig. 2, the presence of a doublet at the center of the spectrum can be observed. This doublet emanates from ferric iron in a non-spherical
place, which perhaps comes from the rim of the iron oxide core. The Mössbauer spectrum could not be fitted with two
discrete tetrahedral and octahedral sites along with a doublet because of the superposition of relaxing sextet and doublet patterns. To
block the superparamagnetic relaxation effect, the Mössbauer spectrum should be recorded at a low temperature. According to
Mössbauer spectra and the hyperfine parameters, it is clear that the process to obtain the mPANI does not interfere significantly with
the nature of the oxide. However, a small percentage of maghemite must be present in the samples due to the oxidation process.
References
[1] K.R., Reddy et al., React. Funct. Polym., V (67) (2007) 943.
[2] B., Belaabe et al., J. Alloy Compd., V(527) (2012) 137.
[3] R.E., Vandenberghe et al., Hyperfine Interact., V(126) (2000) 247.

T02 STRUCTURAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE AlFe
NANOSTRUCTURED INTERMETALLIC OBTAINED BY MECHANICAL MILLING
50
R.Rocha Cabrera, M. Pillaca,
C.V. Landauro, J. Quispe-
Marcatoma
Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Ap. Postal 14-0149, Lima 14, Perú
*Corresponding author: e-mail: jquispem@unmsm.edu.pe
Keywords: Al-Fe system, nanostructuration.
Nowadays, intermetallic AlFe alloys have taken attention of many researchers for their application in different branches of
industry. This is due to the high corrosion resistance and low density of these systems [1]. In particular, AlFe alloys have
interesting mechanical and magnetic properties, where the order or disorder in the sample is of crucial importance to
define its physical behavior [2]. In this sense, the nanostructuration process gives us the possibility to change its
structure and, consequently, manipulate the physical properties as function of the average grain size [3].
In the context described above, in the present work we investigate the structure and micro-structure of the
nanostructured intermetallic AlFe (50 at.% Al). Solid samples were produced using the arc furnace technique under Ar-atmosphere.
Subsequently, the alloys were thermally annealed at 600°C during 48 hours. The nanostructured samples
were obtained by means of mechanical milling employing a high energy ball milling equipment (SPEX 8000). The
obtained products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission Mössbauer spectroscopy
(TMS). The XRD results indicate that the annealed solid samples can be indexed as a single AlFe phase. The sample
milled up to 20 hours presents AlFe nano-grains with a solid solution of Al in Fe, i.e. Fe(Al). The results of TMS show that
the local order around Fe sites is of the B2-type.
References
[1] V.N. Antonov, O.V. Krasovska, E.E. Krasovskii, Y.V. Kudryavtsev, V.V. Nemoshkalenko, B.Y. Yavorsy, Y.P. Lee and
K.W. Kim, Phys. Condens. Matter 9,11227, (1997).
[2] H. Wu, I. Baaker, Y. Liu, X. Wu and J. Cheng, Intermetallics 19, 1517, (2011).
[1] C. Suryanayana., Prog. Matter. Sci., 46, 1 (2001).

T03 CHARACTERIZATION OF PIGMENT FROM THE TAMBO COLORADO
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE BY MÖSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY
-10 -5 0 5 10
Velocity ( mm s-1 )
51
A. Trujillo, E. Zeballos-
Velásquez, V. Wright, M.
Mejía
1Laboratorio de Arqueometría, 2Laboratorio de Cristalografía
Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos.
Ap. Postal 14-0149. Lima, Perú.
3 Instituto Francés de Estudios Andinos, Avenida Arequipa 4500, Casilla 18-1217, Lima, Perú.
*Corresponding author: aletruj70@gmail.com
Keywords: Pigments, Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffractometry
Topic: T03- Applicationsin Soils, Mineralogy, Geology, Cements and Archaeology.
The Tambo Colorado archaeological site, located on the right bank of the Pisco Valley (290 Km South of Lima), is of
importance because of its monumentality, colorful and the apparent good condition, features that make it attractive to
different visitors and researchers. Most of the studies about this site have been directed to make architectural records,
interpretations of the function and use of areas of the site, as well as its strategic importance during the Inca conquest;
interpretations of the symbolic importance of the mural paintings of the site have also been made. However, these
studies do not have been articulated integrally with descriptions and records of the site, so it is considered useful to carry
out an investigation involving the analysis of the nature of the materials, as well as an adequate understanding of the
state of conservation of its architecture [1].
In the present work are analyzed samples of pigments from the Tambo Colorado site, using Mössbauer Spectroscopy by
transmission and x-ray diffractometry, in order to study the structure of these materials. In Figure 1 are shown the
Mössbauer spectrum of the sample Tambo RN.
In the study of pigments containing iron, Mössbauer Spectroscopy has proven to be a useful and sensitive tool to identify
the presence of iron sites that differ from one another not only in its octahedral or tetrahedral coordination but also in
small deviations from the ideal geometry, in addition to the differences in their chemical environments [2].
In this sense, this research will contribute to achieve these goals, because the conservation requires a critical approach
based on the definition of the main characteristics of the object to be treated, which can be achieved with a qualitative
and quantitative understanding of the physico-chemical properties of the object in study [3].
1.005
1.000
0.995
0.990
0.985
0.980
0.975
0.970
0.965
Figure 1. Mossbauer spectrum of sample Tambo RN.
Relative transmission (%)
References
[1] Wright V. Proyecto de Investigación Tambo Colorado. Instituto Francés de Estudios Andinos. Lima (2012).
[2] U, Casellato; P, Vigato; U, Russo, M, Matteini, Journal of Cultural Heritage 1 (2000) 217-232.
[3] D, Hradila; T, Grygara; J, Hradilova; P, Bezdicka.. Applied Clay Science 22 (2003) 223– 236.

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