teachback on Birth Control

1. BIRTH CONTROL
“our ability to prevent or delay pregnancy is fundamental
to our abilities to chose how we live our lives” – our
bodies, ourselves 2011
By: leeann riley

2. BIRTH CONTROL
 Prevention/delay of
pregnancy
“The practice of
preventing unwanted
pregnancies, typically by
use of contraception.”

3. MEN AND BIRTH CONTROL
 Men have an important role in birth control, this is
not often discussed between couples, but should
be.
 Men benefit – being able to decide when and if they
will father a child / protection for themselves and
partners from sexually transmitted infections
 Birth control is not a decision for the woman alone-
unfair burden
 Condoms- way for men to get involved in birth
control, although many men find wearing condoms
to be unmasculine, they are a very easy way of
preventing unwanted pregnancies or infections.

4. BIRTH CONTROL ACTIVISM
 1870’s: first major defense of
birth control – women’s right
to refuse sexual activity
 1930’s – 2 things occurred
during this time period: a
woman named Margaret
Sanger fought to have
information and services
available to all women in
regards to birth control. A
feminist movement for the
legalization of birth
control, which also defended
the separation of sex from
reproduction
 1960’s – defined birth control
as a reproductive right and
motherhood as a choice.

5. METHODS: WHAT IS BEST FOR YOU!
 If you are going to be using  Important questions:
birth control other than
condoms or spermicide, it  “what characteristics are
should be discussed with a you looking for in a birth
health care professional, as control given your life style”
they are the only ones who
can prescribe prescription  “how safe is the method for
birth control both yourself and your
partner”
 Chosing the right one will be
decided between your  “what are the side effects
doctor and yourself and risks of each method”
 Every method of birth  “how effective is the
control is different and every method”
body is different
 Questions and concerns
should be discussed.  (for more questions see page 255 in our bodies,
ourselves)

6. EXAMPLES OF BIRTH CONTROL: BARRIER
METHODS
 Prevent pregnancy by blocking sperm from
reaching the cervix
 Male condoms (rubbers, prophylactics)
 FC2 Female Condom
 Diaphragm
 Cervical cap
 Sponge
 Spermicides (foams, creams/jellies, VCF)

7. METHODS OF BIRTH CONTROL: HORMONAL
 They work by using hormones similar to the ones in our bodies to
prevent the release of eggs.
 The protect against pregnancy but not STI’s, including HIV
 Estrogen and progestin work to stabilize the uterine lining and
encourage more regular bleeding patterns.
 Methods combined estrogen and a progestin reduce the uterine lining/ progestin
only methods prevent the lining of the uterus from building up- nothing to shed
 Pill – 99% effective. Taken daily and contains both estrogen and
progestin
 Minipill – progestin only. 98-99% effective
 Vaginal Ring- inserted into the vagina. Releases both estrogen
and progestin (stopping ovulation, thickens cervical fluid, barrier
from the sperm getting to the egg) 92 % effective
 Patch- ortho eva. Releases combination of estrogen and
progestin through the skin. 92-99% effective
 Shot- depo-povera (injection of progestin). Lasts for 3 months.
99% effective.

8. METHODS OF BIRTH CONTROL: LONG LASTING
 Contraceptive implant and intrauterine device
 Do not protect against STIs
 Requires a visit to the doctors office
 There is no difference between perfect and typical
use effectiveness because they do not require any
action for them to work.

9. PERMANENT BIRTH CONTROL METHODS
 There are three options for female sterilization
 They all work by stopping the egg from traveling to the uterus
from the ovary and preventing sperm from reaching the
fallopian tube to fertilize an egg
 Tubal ligation- surgical sterilization technique that closes the
fallopian tubes
 Essure- does not require surgery or general sterilization. A small
flexible spring is inserted each fallopian tube.
 Adiana- nonsurgical female sterilization that uses a silicon implant
about the size of a grain of rice.
Male Sterilization: Vasectomy
This involves minor surgery to cut the vas deferens (the tube
that carries sperm from the testes to the penis) The man still
produces semen, but when he ejaculates, there are no sperm in
the semen. This procedure is simpler than female sterilization

10. NONMEDICAL METHODS
 Withdrawal (“pulling out”)
 Removing the penis from the vagina
before ejaculation
 Does not protect against STIs,
requires self-control, experience and
trust, not always effective.
 FAM- Fertility Awareness Method
 Scientifically validated method of
natural birth control that involves
charting fertility signs
 Requires background research, record
keeping and a daily time commitment
 If used prefectly, 95-97%
 LAM – Lactational Amenorrhea
Method
 Can only be used in the first 6 months
of breastfeeding
 Must be strictly followed to be effective
– contingent upon frequent nursing
 2 criteria that must be met: periods
have not resumed and you are strictly
breastfeeding
 Abstinence- not having sexual
contact with any person
 Completely 100% effective

11. EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIVES
 Work by changing a
woman’s hormone levels in
the same way birth control
pills and other hormonal
methods work
 The body receives a short,
high burst of synthetic
hormones –this disrupts
natural hormones needed
for ovulation and pregnancy
 EPCs can be used within 5
days of unprotected sex
 These should NOT be used
as birth control pills, only for
emergencies – serious
health risks can ensue

12. IN CONCLUSION
The practice of safe sex through birth control can be
extremely beneficial, if used correctly
lower the risk of unwanted pregnancies
protect against STI’s
Hormonal birth controls are also beneficial in that they
lighter, more regular periods
may reduce painful periods
reduce incidence of ovarian cysts
may relieve PMS
protects against uterine and ovarian cancer
Encourages couples to communicate