3. 559 – 530 BC: Cyrus the Great
controlled Persian Empire
520 BC: Persia took over Greek
colonies on Asia Minor
4.
5.
6. 490 BC: Persians invade
Greece, landing in Marathon just 25
miles from Athens
2 Persians for every 1 Greek
Athenians suddenly attacked
6,400 Persians and 192 Greeks die
Unites the Greek city-states
7.
8. 480 BC
Located in a mountain pass
(southern Greece)
6,000 Greeks vs 200,000 Persians
Greeks retreat but 300 Spartans
stay
Spartans all killed, but slowed
Persian invasion
9. Xerxes I was determined to defeat the Greeks
after the results of Marathon and Thermopylae
Themosticles, the Greek Leader, tricked the
Persian navy into sailing into the narrow Strait
of Salamis
Persian ships were large, slow, and
outnumbered the smaller, faster Greek ships
Changed the direction of the war and led to a
Greek victory over Persia
10.
11. War between Athens and Sparta
(major rivals)
Lasted for 27 years (431 – 404 BC)
Named after the Peloponnese)
Recorded by Thucydides (Greek
historian)
12. 5-year plague before the war
weakened Athens (killed 1/3 of
people)
405 BC: Sparta sets up blockade
blocking shipments of food to Athens
404 BC: Athens surrenders
Ends Athenian dominance in the
Greek world
