2. 359BC: Phillip II rose to the
throne of Macedonia
He wanted to make his kingdom
stronger than the Persians
He admired everything Greek
and even taught his army to
fight like the Greeks
He wanted to unite Macedonia
and Greece

3. King Phillip took over the Greek city-
states one by one. Some joined willingly,
others did not.
Effect of the Peloponnesian Wars?
In 338BC, the Macedonians crushed the
Greeks at the Battle of Chaeronea (near
Thebes)
Phillip now controlled most of Greece

5.  Phillip planned to conquer
Persia with the help of the
Greeks but Phillip was
assassinated in 336 BC
 His son Alexander became
king at 20 years old
 He had been a commander at
age 16 and was ready to lead
 In 334 BC, Alexander invaded
Asia Minor

6.  Over the next year, Alexander
freed the Greek city-states in Asia
Minor and defeated a large
portion of the Persian army
 In 332BC, he conquered Syria
and Egypt
 He built the city of Alexandria in
Egypt. It became a center of
business and trade.
 In 331BC, Alexander wins the
Battle of Gaugamela (near
Babylon)

7.  After Gaugamela, Alexander easily overran the
rest of the Persian army.
 Over the next three years Alexander expanded
the empire past Persia.
 He conquered through Pakistan and all the way
to India.
 In India there were many bloody battles.
 Alexander’s soldiers were exhausted and
demanded to return home.

9.  Alexander wanted to continue
the fight in India but he
listened to his troops.
 In 323BC on the way home to
Macedonia, Alexander got a
fever while in Babylon.
 He was tired and weak from
past battles wounds.
 Alexander died after 10 days
of fever at the age of 32. He
never made it home.