1. LADY M. LEE Audio Procedures And Operations
BAMC-3C Mr. Danilo R. Gatchalian Jr.
• Ad-lib - to improvise and deliver without preparation. To engage in improvisation, as during delivery of
a speech.
• Amplify - to make larger, especially by adding details to. To make larger or more powerful; increase.
• Announcer - One that announces, especially a person who introduces programs, reads
announcements, or provides commentary on television or radio.
• Audio Console - is an audio mixer software and it helps by saving time, space, efforts and frustrations
making the computer sound system easier to manipulate and pleasant to use.
• Audition - The sense or power of hearing.
• Bed – To lay flat or arrange in layers.
• By Directional - are environmental stimuli, particularly light and sound, that the direction of which it
comes and the direction.
• Billboard - is a large outdoor advertising structure (a billing board), typically found in high traffic areas
such as alongside busy roads.
• Board Operator - is a particular type of worker at a broadcast station , production studio, or at a live
production such as a theater or concert venue. The board operator is responsible for operation of the
control system.
• Bumper - broadcasting transition segment, other than around commercials.
• Cardioid - The most common unidirectional microphone, so named because the sensitivity pattern is
heart-shaped.
• Cassette - A lightproof cartridge containing photographic film or plates, used in specially designed
cameras. A cartridge for holding and winding typewriter or printer ribbon while in the machine.
• CD – (Compact Disc) is an optical disc used to store digital data. DVD – (Digital Video Disk/
digital Versatile Disc) A high-density optical disk for storing large amounts of data, especially high-
resolution audio-visual material. VCD - Video CD (also known as View CD, Compact Disc digital
video) is a standard digital format for storing video on a Compact Disc.
• Channel - a transmission medium, e.g. a wire, or a multiplexed connection, e.g. a radio channel, used
to convey an information signal from a sender to a receiver.
• Choppy - Abruptly shifting; variable. Used of the wind.
• Cluster - A group of the same or similar elements gathered or occurring closely together.
• Color - That aspect of things that is caused by differing qualities of the light reflected or emitted by
them, definable in terms of the observer or of the light.
• Commercial - a commercially sponsored ad on radio or television/
• Commercial Cluster - is a geographic concentration of interconnected businesses, suppliers, and
associated institutions in a particular field.
• Computer Editing - To assemble the components of (a film or soundtrack, for example), as by
cutting and splicing by using computers.
• Computerized Newsroom – The computers took the verve out of the whole newsroom and the
charm out of the stories.
• Condenser Microphone - is not the best choice for recording louder instruments or amplified
instruments, as the louder frequencies passing through the microphone tend to cause unwanted
distortion.
• Console - A central control panel for a mechanical, electrical, or electronic system.
• Control Room - a room housing control equipment (as in a recording studio).
• Copy - the duplication of information or an artifact.

2. • Cross- fade - an audio mixing technique.
• Cue - the trigger for an action to be carried out at a specific time.
• Cue tone - is a message consisting of audio tones, used to prompt an action.
• Dead Air - is an unintended interruption in a radio broadcast during which no sound is transmitted.
• Decibel - is used for a wide variety of measurements in science and engineering, most prominently
in acoustics, electronics, and control theory.
• Digital - is a data technology that uses discrete (discontinuous) values.
• DJ – (Disc Jockey) is a person who selects and plays recorded music for an audience.
• Dissolve - is a gradual transition from one image to another.
• Dub - the process of recording or replacing voices for a motion picture.
• Duration - an amount of time or a particular time interval, often cited as one of the fundamental
aspects of music.
• Edit - the process of correcting or revising text, images, or sound.
• Editing booth - media services can provide training on how to use editing software and camcorder
operation.
• Fade in - A gradual increase in the visibility of an image or the audibility of a sound, as in cinema,
television, or radio.
• Fade out - A gradual disappearance of an image or sound, as in cinema, television, or radio.
• Fader - is the definitive voice of emerging music.
• Feed back - the special kind of positive feedback that occurs when a loop exists between an audio
input and output.
• Format - The arrangement of data for storage or display.
• Gain - To operate or run fast. Used of a timepiece.
• Gain Control - A device for adjusting the gain of a system or component.
• Hand signals - are made by formation of the fingers on one or both hands to make some sort of
symbol or letter.
• Headphone - is used to describe a combination of headphone and microphone used for two-way
communication, for example with a telephone.
• I.D. - it is an identification.
• Impromptu - Something, such as a speech, that is made or done extemporaneously.
• Infomercial – also known as paid programming, are long-format television commercials, typically five
minutes or longer.
• Intro – or introduction, is a beginning section which states the purpose and goals.
• Lapel Microphone - is a small electret or dynamic microphone used for television, theatre, and public
speaking applications, in order to allow hands-free operation.
• L.E.D – (light-emitting diode) is used as indicator lamps in many devices and are increasingly used for
other lighting.
• Line Level - is a term used to denote the strength of an audio signal used to transmit analog sound
between audio components such as CD and DVD players, TVs, audio amplifiers, and mixing consoles,
and sometimes MP3 players.
• Live Coverage - The extent or degree to which something is observed, analyzed, and reported live.
• Mic Level - is exactly what it sounds like.
• Microphone - is an acoustic-to-electric transducer or sensor that converts sound into an electrical
signal.
• Mixer - A device that blends or mixes substances or ingredients, especially by mechanical agitation.
• Mixing - To combine or join.

3. • Monitor Speaker - are speakers that are used to check the quality of or keep track of the content of
an electronic transmission.
• Monotone - is an open source software tool for distributed revision control.
• Music bed - Find relevant music for your media projects.
• Off Mic - goes behind-the-scenes at RFE/RL, featuring interviews with our journalists, photos, videos,
and anything.
• Omnidirectional - refers to the notion of existing in every direction.
• On- Air Studio – this is where production is done.
• On- Air Talent - a person or persons possessing such ability in On- Air Studio.
• Output - The act or process of producing; production.
• Outraw - Being in a natural condition; not processed or refined:
• Overmodulation - is the condition that prevails in telecommunication when the instantaneous level of
the modulating signal exceeds the value necessary to produce 100% modulation of the carrier.
• Pacing - To advance or develop (something) at a particular rate or tempo.
• Pan pot - is a simple, functional dial that governs the left and right axis of the stereo field, useful but
unremarkable.
• Pattern - is a type of theme of recurring events or objects, sometimes referred to as elements of
a set of objects.
• Phantom Power Supply - are often built into mixing desks, microphone preamplifiers and similar
equipment.
• Pick up pattern - The best way to visualise a microphone’s polar diagram (pickup pattern) is to think
of the pattern representing a view from above the capsule, which is on the horizontal axis, and its centre
is bisected by the vertical axis.
• Playlist - is simply a list of songs.
• Post Production - is part of the filmmaking process. It occurs in the making of motion
pictures, television programs, radio programs, advertising, videos, audio recordings, photography,
and digital art.
• Pot - is a three-terminal resistor with a sliding contact that forms an adjustable voltage divider.
• Program - A listing of the order of events and other pertinent information for a public presentation.
• Primetime - is the block of broadcast programming during the middle of the evening.
• Production Studio - is the place where programs and commercial advertising are recorded for further
emission.
• Potentiometer - are commonly used to control electrical devices such as volume controls on audio
equipment.
• P.S.A. – (Public Service Announcement) is a type of advertisement featured on television, radio, print
or other media.
• Public Service Announcement - (PSA) or public service ad, the objective of a standard
advertisement is to market a product
• Ratings - is the evaluation or assessment of something, in terms of quality (as with a critic rating a
novel), quantity (as with an athlete being rated by his or her statistics), or some combination of both.
• Raw Footage - unedited material as it had been originally filmed by movie camera or recorded by
a video camera which usually must be edited to create a motion picture, video clip, television show or
similar completed work.
• Raw Sound – unedited sound as it had been originally filmed by movie camera or recorded by
a video camera which usually must be edited .
• Reporter - is a type of journalist who researches and presents information in certain types of mass
media.
• Segue - is a smooth transition from one topic or section to the next .

4. • Selecting - To take as a choice from among several; pick out.
• SFX – (Sound Effects), artificially created or enhanced sounds.
• Simulcast - shorthand for "simultaneous broadcast", refers to programs or events broadcast across
more than one medium, or more than one service on the same medium, at the same time.
• Sound Bite - is a very short piece of a speech taken from a longer speech or an interview in which
someone with authority or the average "man on the street" says something which is considered by those
who edit the speech or interview to be the most important point.
• Spot set – It is a set being cover up.
• Stand by - To wait for something, such as a broadcast, to resume.
• Station I.D. - Station identification (Ident or Channel ID) is the practice of radio or television stations
or networks identifying themselves on air, typically by means of a call sign or brand name.
• Stereo - reproducer in which two microphones feed two or more loudspeakers to give a three-
dimensional effect to the sound.
• Stinger - a portable low altitude surface-to-air missile system using infrared guidance and an impact
fuse; fired from the shoulder.
• Studio - is an artist's or worker's workroom, or the catchall term for an artist and his or her employees
who work within that studio.
• Switcher - a person who administers punishment by wielding a switch or whip.
• Talent - a person or persons possessing such ability.
• Technical Director - (TD) or Technical Manager (TM) is usually a senior technical person within
a software company, film studio, television agency or theatrical company. This person usually
possesses the highest level of competence in a specific technical field and may be recognized as an
expert in that industry.
• Tempo - rate or pace.
• Tone - The characteristic quality or timbre of a particular instrument or voice.
• Track - A distinct path, as along a length of film or magnetic tape, on which sound, images, or other
information is recorded.
• Transducer - is a device that converts one type of energy to another.
• Unidirectional - having, moving in, or operating in only one direction.
• VJ - video jockey; a person who introduces video clips of popular music on television.
• Voice Over - also known as off-camera or off-stage commentary) is a production technique where a
voice which is not part of the narrative (non-diegetic) is used in a radio, television, film, theatre, or
other presentation. The voice-over may be spoken by someone who appears elsewhere in the
production or by a specialist voice actor.
• Volume - A control, as on a radio, for adjusting amplitude or loudness.
• VU Meter - is often included in audio equipment to display a signal level in Volume Units; the device
is sometimes also called volume indicator (VI).
• Windscreen - A screen for protection against the wind.
• Working Combo - charge up and get used up by the finishing moves.