Just as builders put scaffolding around a building while it is being built, so scaffolding can be used to support a person's learning of written language. ..

1. © Ed-Links-Morocco, December 2014
Scaffolding StudentS ‘
Writing
Scaffolding StudentS ‘
Writing

2. Roadmap
 Writing in the guidelines
 Writing in “Focus”
 Defining writing
 The importance of writing
 Common writing tasks
 Scaffolding writing
 The writing process
© Ed-Links-Morocco, December 2014
Scaffolding StudentS ‘
Writing
Scaffolding StudentS ‘
Writing

3. By the end of the year learners will demonstrate
the ability to..
* write a single paragraph with a topic sentence that expresses
a basic idea, with several sentences that develop or support
the main idea;
* write a paragraph describing a person, a place, or a thing
* write a letter or an email to give information;
* write a simple conversation or dialogue.
(Guidelines, p.p: 20-1)
© Ed-Links-Morocco, December 2014
Writing in the guidelinesWriting in the guidelines

4. Writing is a process where symbols have to be
arranged according to certain conventions to form
words and words arranged to form sentences, thus,
translating thoughts into language.
 Writing is the most difficult skill for L2 and requires
paying attention to skills such as planning, organizing,
spelling, punctuation, word choice, etc.
© Ed-Links-Morocco, December 2014
Defining WritingDefining Writing

5. writers are readers as they read their own texts. Readers
are writers as they make responses on a written text.
Content and subject matter do not exist without
language. The form of a text is determined by the
interaction of writer, reader, and content. Language
inevitably reflects subject matter, the writer, and the
writer's view of the reader's background knowledge and
expectations.
(Raimes, 1983)
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2014
Recognition of the Complexity of ComposingRecognition of the Complexity of Composing

6. Copying
Doing exercises
Guided writing
Free writing
Common Writing TasksCommon Writing Tasks
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7. SCAFFOLDINGSCAFFOLDING
In education, scaffolding refers to a
variety of instructional techniques used
to move students progressively toward
stronger understanding and, ultimately,
greater independence in the learning
process.
In education, scaffolding refers to a
variety of instructional techniques used
to move students progressively toward
stronger understanding and, ultimately,
greater independence in the learning
process.

8. One of the main goals of scaffolding is
to reduce the negative emotions and
self-perceptions which students may
experience when they get frustrated,
intimidated, or discouraged when
attempting a difficult task without that
amount of assistance, direction, or
understanding they need to complete it.
One of the main goals of scaffolding is
to reduce the negative emotions and
self-perceptions which students may
experience when they get frustrated,
intimidated, or discouraged when
attempting a difficult task without that
amount of assistance, direction, or
understanding they need to complete it.
Cont...Cont...

9. By studying examples of texts, discussing
appropriate or useful language, doing practice
exercises and using structured outlines, all in
collaboration with the teacher and peers,
students can build bridges between reading
and writing which they could not normally
build on their own.
© Ed-Links-Morocco, December 2014
Scaffolding WritingScaffolding Writing

10. • Discuss with learners the objectives of writing.
• Let them know that their writing can speak for
them when they are not there.
• Show them samples of forms of writing.
• Tell them that writing is an complex process.
© Ed-Links-Morocco, December 2014
Cont...Cont...

11. The Writing Process
 Prewriting
Find idea / Build on idea / Plan and structure
 Writing
Start writing / forget about word count and grammar
 Revising
Add / Rearrange / Remove / Replace
 Editing
Check for clarity, grammar, spelling and punctuation
 Publishing
Celebrate your accomplishment !