2. What process keeps a cell alive?
Respiration is the process that the body uses to release energy from digested
food (glucose).
This type of respiration is called aerobic respiration because energy is released in the
presence of oxygen.
How do the glucose and oxygen needed for aerobic respiration get to the all the
body’s cells?
oxygen
carbon
dioxideglucose + + water ( energy)+
from the
digestive system
from the
respiratory
system
waste product
(exhaled)
waste product
(exhaled)
3. Where do we get the raw
materials from? - Oxygen
Breathing Gaseous exchange in
the lungs
and then into
our
circulatory
system via…
4. Energy
is used for...
to work the
muscles and
other organs
to make the
chemicals the
body needs
to make new
cells for
growth and
to repair
dead cells
Transport
chemicals
Keeping
body
temperature
constant
5. Anaerobic respiration
Glucose Lactic acid + energy
Instead of glucose forming CO2 and H2O, it is broken down without
oxygen into an intermediate, lactic acid, giving less energy:
120 kJ
To avoid damage to cells it has to be broken
down fully to CO2 and H2O immediately after
the exercise has finished. This needs more
oxygen (oxygen debt)…
BUT lactic acid accumulates in the muscles causing muscle fatigue
and cramps.
6. glucose + oxygen
a lot of energy
carbon dioxide + water
glucose
lactic acid
aerobic anaerobic
some
energy
7. How do we remove the waste
products?
Carbon Dioxide
via Breathing
Water via
urine,sweating
and breathing
and
8. Different foods contain different
amounts of energy
The main food type which we use in respiration are CARBOHYDARTES
(glucose), however if our body is lacking in carbohydrates.
Then what do you think happens?
•Carbohydrates –
•Fat –
•Protein -
9. Energy needed!
Plant cells respire, just as animal cells do. If they stop
respiring, they will die. Remember that respiration is not
the same as breathing, so take care - plants do not
breathe.
A
s we can see from the word equations respiration and
photosynthesis are opposites. Respiration uses oxygen
and produces carbon dioxide. Photosynthesis uses carbon
dioxide and produces oxygen.
17. The Lungs
The lungs are all
of the tubes
surrounded by the
lung tissue.
There are different
sections to the
lungs called
lobes.
Compare the two
lungs – what do
you notice about
the lobes?
One does not
have a middle
lobe and is
smaller.
18. Alveolar walls are made
up of a continuous layer,
one-cell thick, of
epithelial cells –
squamous epithelium.
One type of cells
produces surfactant.
Therefore blood within an alveolar capillary and air from within the
alveolus is only separated by an extremely thin barrier – this
permits efficient diffusion of large amounts of oxygen and carbon
dioxide.
The outside of the alveolar walls are
lined with capillaries.
The alveolus are bundles tiny hollow air sacs (singular – alveoli)
Alveolus
20. Here is a cross section:
oxygen (O2) gas
passes through
here
This O2 is then
able to dissolve in
a small moist
lining.
lining of the
alveolus
Alveolus
The alveolar walls also contain a small space
consisting of fluid and loose connective tissue
21. Copy and complete the table stating what happens to
each part of the breathing system
Feature Inhaling Exhaling
Diaphragm shape Flat (contracts) Domed (relaxed)
Ribs up and out down and in
Diaphragm muscle contracted relaxed
Rib muscle contracted relaxed
Lungs inflated deflated
