1. Cell Biology Final Slide Review Good Luck!

2. Identify the tissue. Skeletal muscle. NOTE: the nuclei in each cell, characteristic cross striations, sarcomeres, endomysium that surrounds each muscle cell; differentiate between myofiber, myofibril, myofilament etc. Identify Z band, M line, A band, I band, H band etc.

3. Identify the tissue. Spinal cord – be able to identify endothelial cells, blood vessels, RBC’s (all in upper left corner), compare to larger ventral motor neurons if RBC’s are 7.5 um; know the function of ventral motor neurons. Identify motor neurons, neuropil, cell body, dendrites, recognize that this stain highlights cytoskeleton

4. Identify the tissue. Neural tissue EM 25,000x – identify the nucleus, nuclear pores, nuclear envelope, nucleolus, RER, mitochondria, golgi complex, Lysosome, polyribosome and cytoskeleton

5. Identify these structures. A- Muscular Artery, B-Vein

6. Identify the tissue. Gall bladder. Identify simple squamous tissue lining the blood vessels (endothelium)

7. Identify these structures. Terminal bronchioles & Clara cells

8. Identify this cell. Eosinophil

9. Identify the tissue. Kidney. Note simple cuboidal cells, simple squamous cells, basement membrane, PCT, loop of Henle thick limb, macula densa, mesangial cells, peritubular capillaries.

10. Identify this tissue. Neutrophil

11. Identify the tissue. Jejunum. Simple columnar epithelium, apical surface of the cells has microvilli (what is in the core of microvilli?), basement membrane, goblet cells (function?).

12. Identify the tissue. Thin Skin. (low power)

14. Identify the tissue. Skeletal muscle EM –Identify sarcomere, A band, H band, I band, Z line, M line, sarcoplasmic reticulum.

15. Identify the tissue. Thin skin 40x – name the 5 layers of thick skin…name the 4 layers of thin skin…identify in this slide stratum granulosum, stratum basale, basement membrane, dermis, epidermis, stratum spinosum, keratinized cells (note there aren’t any organelles, nucleus only protein keratin) stratum corneum.

16. Identify the tissue. Thick Skin.

17. Identify the tissue. Thin skin 4x – identify dermis, epidermis, hair shaft, hair follicle, sebaceous gland, arrector pili muscle, hypodermis, panniculus adiposus, sweat glands.

18. Identify the tissue. Hypodermal and dermal tissue. Identify pacinian corpuscle and adipocytes

19. Identify the tissue. Kidney EM. This slide is mainly for understanding structure/function relationships of the organelles/cell. notice the plasma membrane infoldings of these cells, note the nuclei, mitochondria, plasma membrane, polyribosome and basement membrane

20. Identify the tissue. Thick skin 4x – identify epidermis, dermis (papillary layer and reticular layer), sweat glands, interpupillary pegs, epidermal ridges, dermal ridges, primary dermal ridges, secondary dermal ridges.

21. Identify the structure. Finger nail.

22. Identify the tissue. Fibrocartilage

23. Identify this tissue. Cardiac Muscle.

24. Identify the tissue & structure w/arrow. Bone w/osteoclasts

25. Identify the tissue. Neural tissue.

26. Identify the tissue. Finger Nail.

27. Identify the tissue. Thick Skin.

28. Identify the tissue. Skeletal Muscle.

29. Identify the tissue. Skeletal Muscle. A – Epimysium B-Perimysium C- Endomysium

30. Identify the tissue and structures. Skeletal Muscle – A-M-line B-Z line C-A band D–H zone E– I band

31. Identify the tissue. Neuromuscular Junction

32. Identify the tissue. Trachea. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium PSCCE, cilia, basement membrane, connective tissue is in the lamina propria just below the epithelium…note that blood supply is in the lamina propria because epithelium is AVASCULAR…

33. Identify the tissue. Myotendinous Junction A- tendon B- Muscle

34. Identify the tissue and what it’s showing. Skeletal Muscle and the difference between types of muscle fibers.

35. Identify the tissue. Skeletal muscle. Fibers/cells are circular in the cross sectionNuclei are located at the edge of the cell (periphery)Epimysium: surrounds large group of fascicles (bundles of fibers)Perimysium: CT in between each fascicleA -Endomysium: immediately around each fascicle B- Capillary C-Muscle fiber in cross section D- peripheral nucleus

36. Identify the tissue. Bone.

37. Identify the tissue. Skeletal Muscle. A- Endomysium B-Sarcomere C-Nuclei D-Muscle fiber Light band = I-band; contains Z-disc (thin filaments)Dark band = A-line (thick filaments)

38. Identify the tissue. A- Myotendinous Junction B-Collagen C-Striated muscle D- Muscle Cell Nuclei E-Fibroblasts Myotendinous Junction. Tendon and muscle cells are attached to each other by collagen fibers of the tendon insert themselves into muscle fibers and associate w/ infoldings on sarcolemmaTendon made up of fibroblasts and type I collagen (dense regular CT)

39. Identify the tissue & structures. Skeletal Muscle. A-Muscle fibers B- nerve fibers C-motor end plate

40. Identify the tissue. Bone w/osteocytes

41. Identify the tissue. Bone w/osteoblasts along border

42. Identify the tissue. Bone. A–Osteoblasts B-Osteoclasts C-Osteocytes

43. Identify this tissue. Cardiac Muscle – note intercalated discs

44. Identify the tissue. Elastic Cartilage

45. Identify the tissue and what is occurring. Bone. Intramembranous Ossification O = osteoblasts laying down osteoid layerM = mesenchymal cells/tissuesB = boneV = vascularized areas

46. Identify the tissue. Compact bone. A-osteocytes B- Osteon

47. Identify this tissue. Blood.

48. Identify the tissue. Fibrocartilage.

49. Identify the tissue and what is occurring. Bone. Endochondral Ossification A = Calcified Cartilage B = Osteoblasts laying down osteoidArrows = Osteocytes

50. Identify the tissue. Trachea again 10x – hyaline cartilage…because this isn’t articular cartilage it has a what??? (perichondrium located on the left side of the hyaline cartilage) identify chondrocytes, lacunae, isogenous groups, matrix…

51. Identify the tissue. Muscle - Endomysium

52. Identify the tissue. Myotendinous Junction T- Tendon I-Muscle

53. Identify the tissue. Elastic Cartilage.

54. Identify the tissue and what is occurring. Bone. Intramembranous Ossification A= resting zoneB = proliferative zoneC = hypertrophic cartilage zoneD = calcified cartilage zone E= ossification zone

55. Identify the tissue. Thick skin. Identify stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale. MEISSNER’s corpuscle.

56. Identify the tissue. Fibrocartilage

57. Identify the tissue. Bone.

58. Identify the tissue and the pathology. Bone fracture.

59. Identify the tissue. Thick skin – 4x – identify epidermis, dermis, stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, keratinocytes, sweat glands

60. Identify this organ. Heart

61. Identify the tissue. Skeletal Muscle. A-nerve bundle B-Axon C-Intrafusal fiber D- motor end plate

62. Identify these structures. Arteries & Veins

63. Identify these cells labeled by the bracket. Red Blood Cells

64. Identify the structures. Trachea. A – matrix B – Isogenous groups C- lacunae D- chondrocytes

65. Identify the tissue. Bone. A- osteocytes B-Interstitial lamellae C- Haversian canal D- osteon

66. Identify these cells.

67. Identify this Tissue. A- Fibrocartilage B-Tendon C-Bone

68. Identify the tissue. Intestine EM – Identify RBC’s, nuclei, plasma membrane, pinocytic vesicles, ER, basement membrane.

69. Identify this tissue. Osteogenesis of Bone. Resting zone: cartilage cells get pushed down Proliferating zone: cells are active, dividing, forming stacks, and getting pushed down Hypertrophying zone: cells swell because of extra cytoplasm Calcification zone: matrix around cells gets calcified and cells begin to die Ossification zone: where bone tissue first starts to appear

70. Identify this tissue. Bone. Osteogenesis - Intramembranous ossification A – Osteoblasts B- Endothelial cell nucleus C – boney trabeculae

71. Identify this tissue. Cardiac Muscle – note intercalated discs

72. Identify the tissue and what is occurring. Bone. Endochondral Ossification

73. Identify this tissue. Smooth Muscle of Bladder. (XS – cross section, LS – longitudinal)

74. Identify the tissues. A -Compact bone B- Muscle C- Marrow

75. Identify this tissue. Smooth Muscle of Gut. (IC – inner circular, OC – outer circular)

76. Identify the Structures IV disc. A- bone marrow B-Annulus fibrosus C – nucleus pulposus

78. Identify this tissue. Smooth Muscle.

79. Identify this tissue. Smooth Muscle.

80. Identify the tissue. Thin skin 4x – identify epidermis, dermis, adipocytes, hair shaft, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, erector pili muscle, dermal interdigitations.

81. Identify this tissue. Respiratory Epithelium

82. Identify these structures. Skin. A – epithelium B – small blood vessels C- fibroblasts D- Dense irregular CT E- Collagen bundles **note the lack of cells and high amount of ECM/collagen in the dense irregular connective tissue of the dermis. .

83. Identify this cell. Basophil

84. Identify these cells labeled by the “S”. Sinusoidal Capillary

85. Identify this structure. Lungs – Respiratory Bronchioles, Alveolar ducts, Alvelolar sacs & Alveoli.

86. Identify this tissue. Endocardium, Purkinje Cells, Myocardium

87. Identify these structures. Bronchioles

88. Identify this tissue. Trabecular Bone.

89. Identify this cell. Monocyte

90. Identify the tissue. Elastic Cartilage. P-Perichondrium

91. Identify the structures. Tendon. A – Epitendineum B – Regular DCT C- Blood Vessel D- fibroblasts

92. Identify this organ. Lung – transition from conducting to respiratory portion.

93. Identify this structure & labels. Trachea. A-epithelium B-connective tissue C-goblet cells D-pericondrium E-chondrocytes

94. Identify this structure. Trachea

95. Identify this tissue. Endocardium, Purkinje Cells, Myocardium

96. Identify this tissue. Trabecular Bone. A – Marrow Space B- Bony Trabeculae

97. Identify this tissue. Smooth Muscle.

98. Identify this tissue. A – Capillary B - RBC

99. Identify the structure labeled “LV”. LV – Lymph vessels

100. Identify this tissue. Cardiac muscle – Epicardium N-Nerve, M-Myocardium F-Fat

101. Identify this structure. Elastic Artery

102. Identify these structures. A-Venule B-Arteriole C-Lymphatic VesselD-smooth muscle cells

103. Identify this tissue. Elastic Cartilage. You can tell by special black stain that these are elastic fibers, there are still chondrocytes in lacunae present, isogenous groups are present, PERICHONDRIUM is present on both sides of the cartilage. .

104. Identify this structure. Muscular arteries

105. Identify this tissue. TENDON. High power of the tendinous portion…this this dense regular connective tissue, note the fibroblasts and densely packed type I collagen fibers; he explains that the reason why this tendon is wavy looking only because it was on slack…so it shouldn’t normally look like this and I don’t think he would use this slide on the test .

106. Identify the structure. Synovial Joint. E - epiphyseal plate A – Articular hyaline cartilage SM – Synovial membrane

107. Identify this structure. Muscular Artery

108. Identify the structures. A – vein B- artery

109. Identify this organ. Heart – Left Ventricle

110. Identify this organ. Lung

111. How many tissues can you identify? Pericondrium, Goblet Cells, Capillary, PSSCE (from L to R)

112. Identify the tissue. Hyaline Cartilage.

113. Identify the structures. Glomeruli Afferent arteriole Efferent arteriole

114. Identify these cells labeled by the arrows. Platelets

115. Identify this tissue. Cartilage A- ChondrocytesB-Fibrocartilage C-Hyaline

116. Identify the tissue. Hyaline Cartilage

117. Identify this organ. Lung

118. Identify this tissue. Fibrocartilage in Annulus Pulposus

119. Identify the structures. Trachea. A-chondrocytes B – hyaline C- perichondrium

120. Identify this tissue. Elastic Cartilage: A –Chondrocytes B – isogenous groups

121. Identify this tissue. Loose Connective Tissue Note abundant ground substance, collagen fibers, elastic fibers, fibroblasts (most cells in this slide are fibroblasts) and macrophages (the one with the blue spots). Name a place where you would find LCT and what is it’s function? (dermis, supports vascular structures, mucous membranes, mesenteries)

122. Identify this organ. Lung – cells of alveolar wall.

123. Identify this tissue. Note the difference between collagen and elastic fibers )

124. Identify this tissue. This is from thymus tissue (20x) – note the adipocytes, capillaries running in between the adipocytes, because this is thymus all of the purple spots are white blood cells (probably T cells) The two large vessels on the left are arteries and veins…identify tunica intima, media and adventitia. What types of tissue lines the lumen of the blood vessels? (simple squamous epithelium/endothelium) Also what type of collagen are reticular fibers? (type III) See fig 5.46 in our book for a better pic of reticular tissue.

125. Identify these structures. A- Lymphatic Vessel B-Venules C–Arterioles

126. Identify the tissue. Bone.

127. Identify this organ. Skin. What are the different layers? What layer is the lighter pink? What type of tissue is this? What type of collagen is found in the light pink layer? (Thick skin, epidermis and dermis, dermis, dense irregular connective tissue, type I collagen) .

128. Identify this tissue and structure labeled “?” Cardiac Muscle with Purkinje cells in top left corner.

129. Identify this organ. Skin. Hypodermis – note the large amount of adipose. The darker pink at the top of the slide is dense reg connective tissue; sweat glands are in the center of the slide. .

130. Identify this tissue. Elastic Cartilage. A – chondrocyte nuclei B – elastin fibers .

131. Identify this tissue. Tendon! These are dense regular connective tissue…made of type I collagen, **note that there is more ecm than cells…compare to smooth muscle slides…so think what is the function of tendon in relationship to muscle and bone? How is the organization of a tendon different from a ligamnet? There are other figures in our book of longitudinal and cross section of tendon .

132. Identify this tissue. Myotendinous Junction A –tendon B- Junction C- muscle .

133. Identify this tissue. Muscle. What would the lighter pink at the bottom be? epimysium, perimysium, endomysium? What type of connective tissue? What type of collagen fibers? ( I think this is perimysium (but it could be epimysium too), because it surrounds muscle fibers as a fascicle and there are blood vessels in the connective tissue, dense irregular connective tissue, and I think it’s type I collagen) A – Muscle cell nuclei B – muscle fiber C – fibroblasts D – blood vessel .

134. Identify this cell. Lymphocyte

135. New Material Inflammation, Healing, Ear, Eye, Nervous System, Kidney

136. Arrow pointing to the joint space Letter A is type A cells (macrophage like cells)of synovial membrane, letter B is type B cells (fibroblast like cells) of the synovial membrane that are closely associated capillaries

137. Identify this condition. Healing. Left side: perfectly parallel collagen fibers Right side: healing collagen fibers before they have organized into parallel fibers

138. Identify the tissue. Human Fibular Fracture Site Fracture site Hyaline cartilage Formation of new bone

139. Note the pathology on the right slide. Fissures in articular surfaces Notice how the surface is very uneven, should be nice and smooth!

140. Identify the structures. PCT D. Macula densa Urinary space/capsular space E. DCT Glomerulus

141. Identify tissue type and structures. Nervous Tissue. A –fibroblast B –Schwann's cell nucleus C –Endoneurium D- Myelin sheath E – axons F – node of Ranvier

142. Identify the structures. D. Peritubular capillaries E. Glomeruli F. Interlobar capillaries Glomerular capillaries Vascular pole Macula densa

143. Identify the structures. Collecting ducts Thin loops of Henle Vasa recta

144. Identify the structures. Macula densa Mesangial cell E. PCT Glomerulus DCT

145. Identify tissue type and structures. Nervous Tissue. A – Fascicles B – Perineurium C –Nerve Fibers D- small artery E- Fat Cells

146. Identify the tissue types and cells. Nervous Tissue and Astrocytes

147. Identify the tissue undergoing healing. Bone. A -Necrotic bone: no cells inside of the lacunae B- Granulation tissue: BV’s and fibroblasts C - Chondrocytes making hyaline cartilage template D- Fracture Callus

148. Identify tissue type and structures. Nervous Tissue. A – Satellite Cells B – Axons C – Nissl Substance D- Neuronal Cell body E- Basal Lamina F – endothelial cell nucleus G - fibroblasts

149. Identify the 3 layers and their content. A-Fibrous Tunic B- Sclera C-Cornea D- Vascular Tunic E- iris F- Ciliary body G- choroid H- Retina I- pigmented layer J- neural layer

150. Identify blanks and overall structure. Lens. A – Lens Epithelium B- Lens Capsule C- Differentiating lens fibers D – Mature Lens fibers

151. Identify the structures. Vasa recta Thin loop of Henle DCT Collecting tubules

152. Identify Structure and Labels. Spinal Cord. A – Central Canal D – Ventral Horn B- Gray Matter w/ Motor Neurons E - Dorsal Horn C – White Matter

153. Identify the structures. Peritubular capillaries PCT DCT Collecting ducts

154. Identify all blank markers. A-Ciliary muscle B- ciliary process C-Ciliary body D- Limbus E- Sclera venous sinus F- Lens G- Iris H- cornea I- pupil J- sphincter pupillae K- dilator pupillae L- anterior chamber M- posterior chamber N- anterior cavity O- sclera P- choroid Q-retina

155. Identify the structures. Transitional epithelium Minor calyx Renal papilla Collecting ducts

156. Identify this condition. Effect of DOMS (bottom picture) -disruption of parallel A bands and I bands -z-discs are disrupted

157. Identify this tissue. Granulation Tissue. Left: granulation tissue- In growth of blood vessels Right: granulation tissue- not as many blood vessels here, collagen from fibroblasts

158. Identify the tissue. Granulation tissue Bone Fibrous tissue trying to bridge fracture site

159. Identify tissue type and structures. Nervous Tissue. A – axon B – schwann cell nucleus C – node of Ranvier D- myelin sheath E – fibroblasts.

160. Identify the structures. A. Granulation tissue D. Granulation tissue B. Osteoblasts E. Necrotic bone (dead bone): empty lacunae C. Osteoclasts F. osteoblasts

161. Identify tissue type and structures. Nervous Tissue. A –Epineurium B –Perineurium C –nerve fascicle D- blood vessel

162. Identify blanks and overall structure. Cochlear Duct A- Spiral Ganglion B- Scala Tympani B C-periosteum D-scala vestibuli E- Spiral Organ F-Stria Vascularis G-Cochlear duct (scala media)

163. Identify all structures & overall tissue. Nervous Tissue. A – Dendrite B – Nucleolus C- Alpha motor neuron D - Oligodendrocyte E – Astrocyte

164. Identify the pathology and tissue of bottom slide. Osteoarthritis Cartilage Fissures Clustered chondrocytes

165. Identify the structures. Podocyte E. Lumen of Basal Lamina Small black line= diaphragm F. Endothelial Cell of capillary Basal lamina G. Filtration Slit Fenestration H. Pedicle

166. Identify the tissue undergoing healing. Bone. A- showing trabecular bone B - showing cortical bone The blue stained area is the fracture site healing, hard callus stage because there is a bridge almost entirely through fracture site, near radiographic union

167. Identify the structures. Glomerular capillary Podocyte Mesangial cell Bowman’s space

168. What is the arrow pointing to? Synapse

169. Identify blanks and overall structure. Cornea. A – stratified squamous epithelium B- stroma C- simple squamous endothelium D – bowman’s membrane E – Decement’s membrane F –under epithelium G – under endothelium

170. Identify this condition. Inflammation. A. WBC’s are sticking to the wall of dilated blood vessels B. WBC’s are migrating C .WBC’s are emigrating to the area of injury forming EXUDATE

171. Identify blanks and overall structure. Iris. A – Dilator Pupillae muscles B- Sphincter Pupillae C – Pigmented epithelium Arrows – blood vessels

172. Identify tissue type and structures. Nervous Tissue. A –endoneurium B –Perineurium C –nerve fibers D- Myelin sheath E - axons

173. Identify the layers and overall structure. Retina. Inner limiting layer Nerve fiber layer Ganglionic layer Inner plexiform layer Inner nuclear layer Outer plexiform layer Outer nuclear layer Outer limiting layer Rod & cone layer Pigmented layer

174. Identify this tissue & the labels. Cochlea & Spiral Organ CN–cochlear nerve SL-Spiral Limbus TM-Tectorial Membrane IHC- inner hair cell OHC – outer hair cells BM- basilar Membrane

175. Identify tissue type and structures. Nervous Tissue. A – Fascicles B – Perineurium C - Epineurium

176. Identify tissue type and structures: Nervous Tissue.1 – Neuronal cell bodies 2- Neuropil 3 – Glial cells

177. Identify the structures. Artery Vein Collecting ducts PCT DCT