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Identifying Subjects, Verbs, Helping Verbs and Infinitives
1.
Copyright © 2012
by Pearson Education, Inc.
2.
CHAPTER 15: THE
SIMPLE SENTENCE Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
3.
CHAPTER OUTLINE AND
LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this chapter, you will be able to: identify subjects and verbs in both simple sentences and in ones with complicated word order, recognize helping verbs, prepositional phrases, and infinitives, and correct errors in faulty sentence construction. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
4.
RECOGNIZING A SENTENCE
A few basic definitions: A basic unit of language is a word. A group of related words can be a phrase. When the group of words contains a subject and a verb, it is called a clause. When the word group has a subject and a verb and makes sense by itself, it is called a sentence or an independent clause. When the word group has a subject and a verb but does not make sense by itself, it is called a dependent clause. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
5.
RECOGNIZING VERBS
Verbs are words that express some kind of action or being. Verbs about the five senses are part of the group called being verbs. More on Verbs The verb in the sentence can be more than one word. Helping verbs can be in front of the main verb, the action or being verb. Examples: is, am, are, was, were, do, must, might, have, has, shall, will, can, could, may, should, would. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
6.
RECOGNIZING SUBJECTS
Subjects and verbs are linked. The subject answers the question, “Who or what is doing the action?” Three steps to recognizing the subject 1. Identify the verb. 2. Ask, “Who or what is doing the action?” 3. The answer is the subject. More About Recognizing Subjects and Verbs • When you look for the subject of a sentence, look for the core word or words. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
7.
PREPOSITIONS AND PREPOSITIONAL
PHRASES Prepositions are small words that often signal a kind of position or possession. Prepositional phrases describe people, places, or things. INFO BOX: Some Common Prepositions A prepositional phrase is made up of a preposition and its object. Grammar Rule Nothing in a prepositional phrase can ever be the subject of the sentence. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
8.
WORD ORDER
When we speak, we use simple word order. First comes the subject; then comes the verb. Prepositional phrases can change word order. More on Word Order Word order changes when a sentence starts with There is/are, There was/were, Here is/are, Here was/were Word Order in Questions The main verb and the helping verb may not be next to each other. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
9.
WORD ORDER
Words That Cannot Be Verbs Words that look like verbs in a sentence, but they are not verbs. Adverbs, not, and contractions. Recognizing Main Verbs Pronoun test Verb Forms That Cannot Be Main Verbs An –ing verb, by itself, cannot be the main verb. Another verb form, an infinitive, cannot be a main verb. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
10.
WORD ORDER
INFO BOX: Some Common Infinitives Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
11.
VERBS ARE A.
The basic building block of an essay. B. A basic unit of language. C. Words that signal possession. D. Words that express some kind of action or being. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
12.
VERBS ARE A.
The basic building block of an essay. B. A basic unit of language. C. Words that signal possession. D. Words that express some kind of action or being. identify subjects and verbs in both simple sentences and in ones with complicated word order Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
13.
WHICH WORD IS
THE VERB IN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE? The students drive to campus. A. students B. drive C. campus D. The students Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
14.
WHICH WORD IS
THE VERB IN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE? The students drive to campus. A. students B. drive C. campus D. The students identify subjects and verbs in both simple sentences and in ones with complicated word order Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
15.
OF THE FOLLOWING,
WHICH IS A HELPING VERB? A. walk B. run C. are D. seems Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
16.
OF THE FOLLOWING,
WHICH IS A HELPING VERB? A. walk B. run C. are D. seems recognize helping verbs, prepositional phrases, and infinitives Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
17.
OF THE FOLLOWING,
WHICH IS AN INFINITIVE? A. to repeat B. up the wall C. are D. between the chair Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
18.
OF THE FOLLOWING,
WHICH IS AN INFINITIVE? A. to repeat B. up the wall C. are D. between the chair recognize helping verbs, prepositional phrases, and infinitives Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Hinweis der Redaktion
Review chapter objectives.
Discuss parts of a sentence.Share examples.
Discuss verbs.Share examples.
Discuss subjects.Share examples.
Discuss prepositions and prepositional phrases.Review INFO BOX.Review grammar rule.
Discuss word order.
Discuss words that cannot be verbs.Discuss main verbs and verb forms that cannot be main verbs.
Discuss infinitives.Review INFO BOX.
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