Students will learn about different types of wave interactions including reflection where waves bounce off surfaces, refraction where waves change speed in different mediums causing bending, and diffraction where waves spread out when passing obstacles. Interference occurs when waves meet and can be constructive if they combine or destructive if they subtract. Standing waves are produced when incoming and reflected waves interact at a specific frequency, forming nodes of no amplitude and antinodes of maximum amplitude. Resonance amplifies vibrations and sounds when the driving frequency matches an object's natural frequency.

1. Wave Interactions Students will be able to Describe reflection, refraction, and diffraction Explain interference and standing waves Identify Seismic Waves Find epicenter of earthquake using seismograph Page 17

2. Reflection When an object hits a surface through which it can not pass, it bounces back. 18

3. Reflection Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection 18

4. Refraction Bending of waves When a wave enters a new medium its speed changes. 19

5. Diffraction When a wave moves around a barrier or through an opening, it bends and spreads out. 20

6. Interference What happens when two waves meet. Constructive = Working together Destructive = Subtracting from each other 20

7. Interference 21

8. Standing Waves If the incoming wave and the reflected way have the correct frequency, they produce a combined wave that appears to be standing still Node = zero amplitude Antinode = maximum amplitude 22

9. Standing Waves 22

10. Resonance Most objects have a natural frequency of vibration Resonance Increase amplitude occurs when external vibrations match the objects natural frequency Music Stronger, clearer sounds 23

11. Resonance 23