1. Human Genetics 110

2. Students will be able to Understand the patterns of Human Inheritance Demonstrate how sex chromosomes function Describe sex-linked diseases Evaluate the effects of environment on behavior

3. Single Gene with Two Alleles 111

4. Multiple Alleles One gene has many different versions

5. Blood Typing One gene for standard blood type: I gene Three alleles A, B, O A modified blood surface B modified blood surface O No modification on surface So IA or IB or i 112

6. Blood Types due to 3 Alleles Genotypes IAIA IAi IBIB IBi ii IAIB Phenotypes A Blood A Blood B Blood B Blood O Blood AB Blood 112

7. Blood Type - Second Gene (Rh) Genotypes Rh No Rh Phenotypes + - So you can have A + or – B + or – AB + or – O + or -

8. Traits with many genes Height (4 different genes) Skin color Weight (130 genes) 112

9. Sex Chromosomes Two different types X and Y X chromosome is complex Y chromosome causes male traits X Y X X Y X X X X X X Y 113

10. Sex-Linked Genes Genes that are present on the X chromosome Example: Colorblindness 114

11. Colorblindness XC = Normal color vision Xc = Color Blindness (recessive) XC Y XC Y XC XC XC Xc XC Xc Xc Y One copy you appear normal but have the disease gene “Carrier” 114

12. Environmental Effects Height 4 genes Environmental Factors Diet Vitamins & Minerals Exercise Play Violin Muscle coordination Good Hearing Instruction & Practice 115

13. Hemophilia A Xh = Hemophilia A Xh X X X X X Xh Y Xh Y Y X What percentage will have hemophilia A? b. What gender are they?

14. Hemophilia A Xh = Hemophilia A Xh X Xh X Xh Xh Xh Y Xh Y Y X What percentage will have hemophilia A? b. What gender are they?

15. Hemophilia A Xh Y Father has hemophilia None of sons get it X X Xh X Xh Xh X Y X Y Y X What are the genotypes of the parents?