Gutenberg, Johann ( c.1397–1468, German inventor and printer, long credited with the invention of a method of printing from movable type, including the use of metal molds and alloys, a special press, and oil-based inks: a method that, with refinements and increased mechanization, remained the principal means of printing until the late 20th cent.

1. Johannes Gutenberg

2. The purpose of work
• To familiarize with the Life and workers of a
german inventor Johannes Gutenberg.
• To explain why is this person famous

3. Early life of Gutenberg
• His real name is Johann Gensfleisch
• GUTENBERG, JOHANN (c. 1398—1468), German printer, is supposed
to have been born 1398—1399 at Mainz of well-to-do parents, his
father being Friele zum Gensfleisch and his mother Elsgen Wyrich
• Gutenberg enjoyed reading the manuscripts and block books
• in 1438, Gutenberg began a business arrangement with Andreas
Dritzehn, who funded his experiments in printing..
• In 1434 – 1444 lived in Strasburg and tried to find a new way of
making books cheaply

4. Gutenberg meets Fust
• Gutenberg met a rich goldsmith and lawyer named Joahann Fust (or
Faust).
• Fust became greatly interested and gave Gutenberg what money he
needed.
• The business between them has begun.

5. Gutenberg loses his business
• Fust, however, was losing patience. He quarreled with Gutenberg and
said that he was doing nothing but spending money.
• At last he brought suit against him in the court, and the judge decided
in favor of Fust. So everything in the world that Gutenberg had, even
the tools with which he worked, came into Fust's possession.

6. The Gutenberg Bible
• Between 1450 and 1455, the Gutenberg Bible was completed. Early documentation
states that a total of 200 copies were scheduled to be printed on rag cotton linen
paper, and 30 copies on velum animal skin. It is not known exactly how many
copies were actually printed. Today, only 22 copies are known to exist, of which 7
are on velum.
• The Bible was in two volumes, each of which had three hundred pages, while each
of the pages had forty-two lines. The letters were sharp and clear. They had been
printed from movable types of metal. The news that books were being printed in
Mainz went all over Europe. Before Gutenberg died, printing-presses like his were
at work making books in all the great cities of the continent.

7. The Gutenberg Bible in Mainz museum

8. • The Gutenberg press with its wooden and later
metal movable type printing brought down the
price of printed materials and made such
materials available for the masses
• It was there in 1440 that Johannes Gutenberg
created his printing press, a hand press, in which
ink was rolled over the raised surfaces of
moveable hand-set block letters held within a
wooden form and the form was then pressed
against a sheet of paper.
• . It remained the standard until the 20th century.

9. The mechanical printing - press

10. • Gutenberg's technique of making movable type remains unclear. In the
following decades, punches and copper matrices became standardized in
the rapidly disseminating printing presses across Europe. Whether
Gutenberg used this sophisticated technique or a somewhat primitive
version has been the subject of considerable debate.
• The invention of the making of types with punch, matrix and mold has
been widely attributed to Gutenberg. However, recent evidence suggests
that Gutenberg's process was somewhat different. If he used the punch
and matrix approach, all his letters should have been nearly identical, with
some variations due to miscasting and inking. However, the type used in
Gutenberg's earliest work shows other variations

11. The Death of Gutenberg
• Johann Gutenberg died in Mainz, Germany in 1468.
Ironically, the inventor of the most important invention in
history never profited from his invention and died in
poverty
• He was buried in a Franciscan church.
• . Without his invention, the Protestant Reformation would
not have been possible.

12. Memory
• Monuments were raised to Gutenberg in Mainz,
Strasburg, Vienna and Frankfurt
• The Gutenberg Museum was opened in 1901.
• In 1914 asteroid of Gutenberg was opened.

13. Monuments to Gutenberg in Mainz and
Strasburg

14. The Johannes Gutenberg University

15. References
• http://www.greatsite.com/timeline-english-bible-
history/gutenberg.html
• http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/gutenberg.html
• http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventors/gutenberg.htm
• http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/people/gutenberg-
johann.html