1. SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGN
FOUNDATION IN NATURAL AND BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
GROUP MEMBERS: LEE JO YEE (0314880),
KHOR SEEM LENG (0315208),
KIMBERLEY EE SZE ANN (0315319),
DANIESH ASHIK (0315256),
LIEW YONG SHENG (0315108),
PENG YIAP SENG (0315359).
MATHEMATICS (MATH0103)
LECTURER: ANN SEE PENG
SUBMISSION DATE: 24/1/2014
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2. Table of Contents
Title
Page Number
Contents
1
Introduction
2
Objectives
3
Methodology
4
Survey forms
Analysis
5
Conclusion
20
1

3. Introduction
The study examined the idealism of teenagers. Two hundred participants were given separate
questionnaire forms based on their sex that is, one hundred questionnaires for males and one
hundred questionnaires for females.
The purpose of the survey was to identify male and female teenagers’ ideal concept of
themselves and also their ideal concept of the opposite sex. The questions asked were strictly
based on physical appearance only.
In order to discover the participants ideal concept of themselves, they are first asked to answer
their current weight, height, sex, body shape hair style, eye colour and hair colour. Later, they are
asked to answer their ideal weight, height, sex, body shape, hair style, eye colour and hair colour.
Finally, in order to discover participants ideal concept of the opposite sex, they are asked to
answer the ideal weight, height, sex, body shape, hair style, eye colour and hair colour they
expect in the opposite sex.
2

4. Objectives

To identify male teenager’s ideal concept of themselves ( ideal weight, height, sex, body
shape, hair style, eye colour and hair colour).

To identify female teenagers ideal concept of themselves ( ideal weight, height, sex, body
shape, hair style, eye colour and hair colour).

To identify male teenagers ideal concept of the opposite sex ( ideal weight, height, sex,
body shape, hair style, eye colour and hair colour).

To identify female teenagers ideal concepf of the opposite sex( ideal weight, height, sex,
body shape, hair style, eye colour and hair colour).
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5. Methodology
Two hundred university students participated in this study. One hundred participants
were male and the other hudred were female. The survey was carried out in Taylor’s
University Lakeside Campus.
Giving out survey forms in the classroom.
A participant filling in a survey form.
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6. Analysis
Analysis of Male Participants
Question 1: Current Weight
Current Weight of Male Participants
70
60
Frequency
50
40
30
Male
20
10
0
31-45
46-60
61-85
Weight (kg)
86-100
Based on the graph above, the best measure of central tendency to be used is mean. The reason
for this is because the data are roughly symmetric and have no outliers.
Calculation of mean:
Weight (kg)
31-45
46-60
61-85
86-100
Frequency
(f)
0
34
58
8
∑f=100
Midpoint
(x)
38
53
73
93
fx
0
1462
4234
744
∑fx=6440
Mean = ∑fx/∑f = 6440/100 = 64.4kg
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7. Question 2: Ideal Weight
Ideal Weight of Male Participants
70
60
Frequency
50
40
30
Male
20
10
0
31-45
46-60
61-85
Weight (kg)
86-100
Others
Based on the graph above, the median is the best measure of central tendency because the data are very skew.
A large number of outliers exist.
Calculation of median:
Weight (kg)
31-45
46-60
61-85
86-100
Others
Frequency Cumulative
Frequency
1
1
33
(34)
(61)
95
4
99
1
100
Median = 60.5 + [(100/2 - 34)/61] (25) = 67.06kg
6

8. Question 3: Current Height
Current Height of Male Participants
60
Frequency
50
40
30
Male
20
10
0
140-150
151-160
161-170
Height
171-180
181 - 190
Based on the graph above, the median is the best measure of central tendency because the data are very skew.
A large number of outliers exist.
Calculation of median:
Height (cm)
140-150
151-160
161-170
171-180
181 - 190
Frequency Cumulative
Frequency
0
0
6
(6)
(48)
54
18
72
28
100
Median = 160.5 + [(100/2 - 6)/48] (10) = 169.67cm
7

9. Question 4: Ideal Height
Ideal Height of Male Participants
60
Frequency
50
40
30
Male
20
10
0
140-150
151-160
161-170
Height (cm)
171-180
181 - 190
Based on the graph above, the median is the best measure of central tendency because the data are very skew.
A large number of outliers exist.
Calculation of median:
Height (cm)
140-150
151-160
161-170
171-180
181 - 190
Frequency Cumulative
Frequency
1
1
1
2
25
27
18
(45)
(55)
100
Median = 180.5 + [(100/2 - 45)/55] (10) = 181.41cm
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10. Analysis of Female Participants
Question 1: Current Weight
Frequency
Current Weight of Female Participants
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Female
31-40
41-50
51-60
Weight (kg)
61-70
Based on the graph above, the best measure of central tendency to be used is mean. The reason
for this is because the data are roughly symmetric and have no outliers.
Calculation of mean:
Weight
(kg)
31-40
41-50
51-60
61-70
Frequency
(f)
37
45
17
1
∑f=100
Midpoint
(x)
35.5
45.5
55.5
65.5
fx
1313.5
2047.5
943.5
65.5
∑fx=4370
Mean = ∑fx/∑f = 4370/100 = 43.7kg
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11. Question 2: Ideal Weight
Ideal Weight of Female Participants
70
60
Frequency
50
40
30
Female
20
10
0
31-40
41-50
51-60
Weight (kg)
61-70
Based on the graph above, the median is the best measure of central tendency because the data are very skew.
A large number of outliers exist.
Calculation of median:
Weight
(kg)
31-40
41-50
51-60
61-70
Frequency Cumulative
Frequency
1
(1)
(62)
63
35
98
2
100
Median = 40.5 + [(100/2 - 1)/62] (10) = 48.40kg
10

12. Question 3: Current Height
Current Height of Female Participants
60
Frequency
50
40
30
Female
20
10
0
140-150
151-160
161-170
171-180
Height (cm)
181 - 190
Based on the graph above, the median is the best measure of central tendency because the data are very skew.
A large number of outliers exist.
Calculation of median:
Height
(cm)
140-150
151-160
161-170
171-180
181 - 190
Frequency Cumulative
Frequency
2
2
40
(42)
(52)
94
3
97
3
100
Median = 160.5 + [(100/2 - 42)/52] (10) = 162.04cm
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13. Question 4: Ideal Height
Ideal Height of Female Participants
80
70
Frequency
60
50
40
Female
30
20
10
0
140-150
151-160
161-170
171-180
Height (cm)
181 - 190
Based on the graph above, the median is the best measure of central tendency because the data are very skew.
A large number of outliers exist.
Calculation of median:
Height
(cm)
140-150
151-160
161-170
171-180
181 - 190
Frequency Cumulative
Frequency
1
1
11
(12)
(73)
85
3
88
12
100
Median = 160.5 + [(100/2 - 12)/73] (10) = 165.71cm
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14. Analysis of Male and Female Participants
The following questions consist of categorical data. Therefore, the best way to analyse the following data
is to identify the mode, thus identifying the most common category.
Question 7: Current Body Shape
Current Body Shape of Male
Participants
3%
Current Body Shape of Female
Participants
Triangle
14%
14%
19%
Inverted
Triangle
16%
18%
Square
18%
Square
38%
Inverted
Triangle
Hourglass
26%
Trapezium
Mode = Trapezium body shape.
34%
Triangle
Mode = Hourglass body shape.
Question 8: Ideal Body Shape
Ideal Body Shape of Male
Participants
1%
0%
Triangle
Inverted
Triangle
35%
54%
10%
Ideal Body Shape of Female
Participants
Square
Trapezium
Mode = Trapezium body shape.
0% 7%
12%
Inverted
Triangle
Square
37%
44%
Hour glass
Triangle
Mode = Hourglass body shape.
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15. Question 9: Current Hairstyle
Current Hair Style of Male
Participants
10%
Current Hairstyle of Female
Participants
1%
4%
4%
Pixie
Shaved Head
20%
15%
Curly Long
37%
Medium Length
51%
Shoulder
length
26%
Spiky
Wavy long
32%
Wavy Long
Straight long
Mode: Spiky hair.
Mode: Shoulder length hair.
Question 10: Ideal Hairstyle
Ideal Hairstyle of Male
Participants
Current Hairstyle of Female
Participants
2% 10%
7%
15% 16%
15%
47%
Shaved Head
Curly Long
Spiky
Medium Length
Wavy Long
Mode: Spiky hair
Pixie
38%
11%
Shoulder
length
Wavy long
39%
Straight long
Mode: Wavy long hair.
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16. Question 11: Current Eye Colour
Current Eye Colour of Male
Participants
1%
1%
Current Eye Colour of Female
Participants
1%
1%
0%
1%
Black
Black
Brown
37%
Brown
34%
Red
60%
Red
Green
64%
Others
Green
Other
Mode = Black eyes.
Mode: Black eyes.
Question 12: Ideal Eye Colour
Ideal Eye Colour of Male
Participants
Ideal Eye Colour of Female
Participants
Black
24%
21%
11%
27%
Red
7%
9%
Brown
Black
8%
3%
39%
Mode = Brown eyes.
Red
Green
Others
Brown
Green
51%
Other
Mode: Brown eyes.
15

17. Question 13: Current Hair Colour
Current Hair Colour of Male
Participants
Current Hair Colour of Female
Participants
0% 1% 1%
6%
5% 0%
Black
18%
Black
Brown
Brown
45%
Red
44%
Blonde
80%
Red
Blonde
Other
Others
Mode = Black hair.
Mode: Black Hair
Question 14: Ideal Hair Colour
Ideal Hair Colour of Male
Participants
Ideal Hair Colour of Female
Participants
4%
8%
Black
12%
44%
6%
34%
Brown
Red
Black
11%
13%
Red
Blonde
30%
Others
Mode = Black hair
Brown
Blonde
38%
Other
Mode: Brown hair
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18. Question 15: Ideal Weight of Opposite Sex
Male's Ideal Weight of Opposite
Sex
Female's Ideal Weight of
Opposite Sex
1% 2%
1%
7%
6%
31 – 45
0%
15%
31-45
46 – 60
49%
46-60
61 – 85
61-85
86 – 100
41%
86-100
Others
Other
78%
Mode = 61-85kg
Mode =61-85kg
Question 16: Ideal Height of Opposite Sex
Male's Ideal Height of Opposite
Sex
Female's Ideal Height of Opposite
Sex
0% 3%
2%
1%
7%
141 – 150
41%
49%
140-150
26%
151 – 160
161 – 170
171 - 180
160-170
61%
10%
181 - 190
Mode = 161-170cm
150-160
170-180
180-190
Mode = 160-170cm
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19. Question 17: Ideal Body Shape of Opposite Sex
Male's Ideal Body Shape of
Opposite Sex
Female's Ideal Body Shape of
Opposite Sex
0% 0%
Triangle
2%
Triangle
4%
7%
Inverted
Triangle
34%
Square
37%
45%
Square
Trapezium
Trapezium
53%
Inverted
Triangle
18%
Oval
Mode = Square.
Oval
Mode: Trapezium.
Question 18: Ideal Hairstyle of Opposite Sex
Male's Ideal Hairstyle of Opposite
Sex
2% 5%
Pixie
5%
9%
Female's Ideal Hairstyle of
Opposite Sex
Shaved Head
Shoulder
Length
16%
12%
58%
20%
Wavy Long
Straight Long
Curly Long
Spiky
57%
16%
Medium Length
Wavy Long
Curly Bob
Mode: Wavy long hair.
Mode: Spiky hair.
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20. Question 19: Ideal Eye Colour of Opposite Sex
Male's Ideal Eye Colour of
Opposite Sex
Female's Ideal Eye Colour of
Opposite Sex
3%
8%
2%
11%
Black
36%
Brown
2%
Black
16%
33%
Brown
Red
Green
43%
Red
Green
46%
Others
Mode = Brown eyes.
Other
Mode: Brown eyes.
Question 20: Ideal Hair Colour of Opposite Sex
Male's Ideal Hair Colour of
Opposite Sex
Female's Ideal Hair Colour of
Opposite Sex
4%
3%
1%
9%
5% 1%
Black
Black
Brown
Brown
49%
35%
49%
Red
Blonde
44%
Blonde
Other
Others
Mode = Black hair.
Red
Mode: Black hair.
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21. Conclusion
In conclusion, we can further analyse our data starting with the difference in median of current
and ideal weight and height of both gender. The difference in median of weight in female which
is 4.7 is higher than the median in male which is 2.7. In the meantime, the difference in median
of height in female is 3.67 while in male is 23.94. This evidently that female have a greater goal
when it comes to weight but male have a greater goal when it comes to height. We further
proceed by calculating the difference in the frequency of the modal class in both current and
ideal weight and height of both gender. The result of the calculation shows that female have a
difference of 17 in the difference of frequency in weight while male have a difference of 3. Also,
female have a greater difference of frequency in modal class which is 21 while male only have
the difference of 7. This proves that a lot of female have a demand to change both their weight
and height where as most male are already satisfied with their current weight and height.
Furthermore, we can also observe that when the subject of body shape comes into questions both
the male and female participants have mostly achieved their ideal body shape and are
comfortable with their bodies. As for hair style, most males already posses their ideal hairstyle
whereas females do not. However, when it comes to eye colour most males and females have a
different ideal in mind from their natural eye colour. Lastly, it is also observed that most males
feel secure with there natural hair colour where as females do not share that security and invision
different ideals for themselves.
Moving on, we can observe the idealism of males and females of the opposite sex. The results
for ideal weight and height of males and females is very similair and the same can be said for
ideal hair colour and eye colour. This proves that teenagers, whether male or female have a very
specific ideal in mind when it comes to the opposite sex.
In closing, we can observe that male and female teenagers have different idealisms when it
comes to theselves. Males have insecurities when it comes to their height and always desire to be
taller. On the other hand, females find that weight is a greater issue and always desire to be
slimmer. Overall, we can also conclude that males are more secure with their current appearance
as compared to females.
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