1. DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTHCARE
GROUP 1 Summary Points
1. Often the people who have no access to health-care are the people at most at risk from disease.
2. Emphasis on single diseases can have a detrimental effect on overall health provision.
3. Western systems may not work well in LEDCs
a. It should instead be linked to local circumstances
4. There should be an emphasis on pregnancy, childbirth and family, which would give basic education
about health practices.
5. Health needs to be considered as part of overall development
a. With plans and targets set by the Government.
6. Modern health methods may be inappropriate to a large number of LEDCs.
7. It must involve the community; be located close to the areas where it is needed.
a. Establish a dialogue with the local people, in order to change their living habits.
b. De-centralized organisation may be the best way to adapt the system for the local population.
c. It must be designed with the local community in mind
8. It may be hard to provision/monitor/supervise the work of remote health workers
9. Health workers need clearly defined tasks and efficient training.
10. Need to minimise the growth of high cost programmes, which affect few people (by instead promoting
the opposite).
11. Identification of underdeveloped rural area
a. Economic stagnation
b. Cultural patterns that are unfavourable to development
12. LEDCs may not have the technological advancement needed for modern technical techniques.
a. May be too reliant on charity
13. Nomads are difficult to reach with health-care
a. The move in search of water (and can then be badly affected by drought).
14. There may be a lack of a structured health-care system
15. There may not be clear priorities set by the government.
16. Many governments can't afford the rising costs of health-care in LEDCs
17. The movement of people because of natural disasters may result in the health-care systems being too
stretched.
18. Urbanisation results in a higher population density, putting pressure on the resources that exist.
19. Health workers need the support of their local population.
a. Traditional providers such as healers may be antagonistic
20. People need to feel confident enough to visit local health institutions, so instead when they are ill may go
to urban hospitals or tradition practitioners.
a. This will overburden local services (which should be used to provide secondary care).
GROUP 2 Summary Points
1. Current heathcare systems aren't working, especially for people living in rural areas. However, solutions
are possible and need to be enacted as soon as possible.
2. A reform needs to focus on addressing basic needs; sufficient immunisation, assistance during
pregnancy, post natal care, sufficient water and sanitation provision, vector control, education and
diagnosis and treatment for disease.
3. The problem has complex and varied roots, often linking to poverty levels and overpopulation
4. An increase in shanty towns and slums over recent years due to people moving from overpopulated
rural areas into towns seeking work has exacerbated the problems.
5. There is a difference in causes and solutions in MEDCs and LEDCs. Generally LEDCs are worse off due
to lower economic stability.
6. Health is integral to a county's development, especially health health research.
7. Misallocation of resources for health provision due to lack of budget and other, more urgent, priorities is
all too common.

2. 8. Despite an urgent need for change, people oppose it and passing new health legislations is very difficult.
9. Health provision is often not the the government's priority, so needs aren't catered for. Individual local
healthcare providers are required, particularly in areas of diverse demographics.
10. Professionals shy away from rural areas due to perceived 'boredom' and lack of trust in supposedly
unskilled local healthcare workers.
11. The public tend to bypass health services if confidence and trust aren't there.
12. Many rural healthcare workers migrate to urban areas in the promise of better pay and standard of living.
13. An increase in food costs has led to an increase in malnutrition which in turn has led to increased strain
on health services meaning greater expenditure is required.
14. Professionals are being poorly allocated. They are being paid more for jobs that could be completed by
more junior staff.