1. Definition: a group of words that contains a subject and a verb Clause …not Santa

2. A. Independent (IC) and B. Dependent (Subordinate) (DC) II. There are two kinds of clauses:

3. A clause that expresses a complete thought and can stand alone. AKA A SENTENCE A. Independent

4. * he memorized a poem last night * Mary will read her poem *many people enjoy poetry Examples of Independent Clauses:

5. When an independent clause (IC) starts with a capital letter and ends with a period or question mark, it is a SENTENCE. *He memorized a poem. *Mary will read her poem at school. *Many people enjoy poetry.

6. It does not express a complete thought and It cannot stand by itself as a sentence B. Dependent (or subordinate ) clause (DC)

7. * because he memorized a poem * when Mary reads her poem at school * since many people enjoy poetry Examples of Dependent (Subordinate Clauses)

8. A dependent /subordinate clause (DC) will be a FRAGMENT when the clause begins with a capital letter and ends with a period or question mark. This is a grammatical ERROR ! .

9. ... because he memorized a poem… He memorized a poem. What makes one clause independent and another dependent?

10. … when Mary read her poem at school... Mary read her poem at school.

13. A dependent /subordinate clause (DC) needs an independent clause (IC) to create a true sentence.

14. Because he memorized a poem , Mike will receive extra credit. Mike will receive extra credit because he memorized a poem.

15. We will applaud when Mary reads her poem at school . When Mary reads her poem at school, we will applaud.

17. The game will begin when the rain stops. F. Punctuation: When the dependent clause (DC) comes last , there is generally no comma .