2. Participial adjectives
• Sometimes called “Psychological Adjectives,”
these adjectives come from verbs that are
related to the emotions.
• Some common examples are:
frustrate, disgust, excite, bore and surprise
3. • We can use this psychological verbs as
adjectives by adding ING or ED at the end.
• For this, we have to pay attention to the
causer and the receiver of the emotion.
4. Example
• The computer frustrates her.
Then, we can say:
• The computer is frustrating.(the computer
causes the emotion)
• She is frustrated. (she feels the emotion)
5. • My little sister annoys me.
Then, we can say:
My little sister is annoying.
I’m annoyed/ I feel annoyed.
6. • We usually use ED for people and ING for
things or situations. So generally things or
situations are the causers of an emotion and
people are the receivers (they feel the
emotion)
• Eg. That movie was so boring. Everybody in
the room was bored.
7. BUT
• People can also be the causers of emotions.
Examples:
• My mom is so irritating sometimes.
• He’s the most boring boyfriend I’ve ever had.
• Jenny is an incredibly interesting woman.
8. Most common participal adjectived
ING ED
amazed amazing
amused amusing
annoyed annoying
bored Boring
charmed charming
confused confusing
convincing Convinced
damaging Damaged
depressing depressed
disappointing disappointed
embarrassing embarrassed
exciting excited
9. And more
ING ED
exhausting Exhausted
fascinating Fascinated
frightening Frightened
frustrating frustrated
interesting Interested
puzzling Puzzled
relaxing Relaxed
satisfying Satisfied
shocking Shocked
terrifying Terrified
Tiring Tired
thrilling thrilled
