1. BBasicasic LLifeife SSupportupport
(adult)(adult)
Basil BabyBasil Baby
In- charge NurseIn- charge Nurse
Emergency DepartmentEmergency Department

2. What is BLSWhat is BLS
 It is a protocol based basicIt is a protocol based basic
emergency treatment of a victim ofemergency treatment of a victim of
cardiac or respiratory arrest throughcardiac or respiratory arrest through
cardiopulmonary resuscitation andcardiopulmonary resuscitation and
emergency cardiac care till advancedemergency cardiac care till advanced
help is available.help is available.

3. Why BLSWhy BLS
American dataAmerican data --
 325,000 coronary heart disease deaths occur out-of-325,000 coronary heart disease deaths occur out-of-
hospital or in hospital emergency departments annually.hospital or in hospital emergency departments annually.
 Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in North America is aboutOut-of-hospital cardiac arrest in North America is about
0.55 per 1000 population.0.55 per 1000 population.
 About two thirds of unexpected cardiac deaths occurAbout two thirds of unexpected cardiac deaths occur
without prior recognition of cardiac disease.without prior recognition of cardiac disease.
 About 60 percent of unexpected cardiac deaths are treatedAbout 60 percent of unexpected cardiac deaths are treated
by EMS.by EMS.
 There are 1,900–-14,200 pediatric out-of-hospital cardiacThere are 1,900–-14,200 pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac
arrests, annually, from all causes (including trauma,arrests, annually, from all causes (including trauma,
sudden infant death syndrome, respiratory causes,sudden infant death syndrome, respiratory causes,
cardiovascular causes and submersion).cardiovascular causes and submersion).
Indian data not availableIndian data not available..

4. Who should give BLSWho should give BLS
 Anyone can give BLS after learning theAnyone can give BLS after learning the
sequence.sequence.
Common Elements of SuccessCommon Elements of Success
 Trained RescuersTrained Rescuers
 Rapid RecognitionRapid Recognition
 Prompt CPRPrompt CPR
 Defibrillation < 5 minDefibrillation < 5 min

5. BLS SequenceBLS Sequence
Four Parts –Four Parts –
 CCirculationirculation
 AAirwayirway
 BBreathingreathing
 DDefibrillationefibrillation

6. BLS SequenceBLS Sequence
Four Parts –Four Parts –
 AirwayAirway
 BreathingBreathing
 CirculationCirculation
 DefibrillationDefibrillation

7. Chain Of SurvivalChain Of Survival
AdultAdult
PediatricPediatric

8. The SceneThe Scene
 Approach safelyApproach safely
 The position of victimThe position of victim
 Position yourselfPosition yourself
 Check forCheck for
consiousnessconsiousness
 Victim unconsiousVictim unconsious
 Call for help/get helpCall for help/get help
 Get AEDGet AED

9. A-AirwayA-Airway
 Open the airway – HeadOpen the airway – Head
tilt Chin lifttilt Chin lift
 Check for foreignCheck for foreign
body/secretions/dent.body/secretions/dent.
 Jaw thrusts in trauma.Jaw thrusts in trauma.

10. A-AirwayA-Airway
 Nasal & OralNasal & Oral
CavitiesCavities
 PharynxPharynx
 LarynxLarynx
 TracheaTrachea
 PrinciplePrinciple
BronchiBronchi

11. Airway AdjunctsAirway Adjuncts

12. B-BreathingB-Breathing
 Check for max.10 sec.Check for max.10 sec.
 Look, Listen, Feel.Look, Listen, Feel.
 Don’t confuse withDon’t confuse with
agonal breathing.agonal breathing.
 Take inadequateTake inadequate
breathing as notbreathing as not
breathingbreathing

13. BreathingBreathing
 Victim not breathingVictim not breathing
 Rescue breathsRescue breaths
 Mouth to mouthMouth to mouth
 Each breath 1 secEach breath 1 sec
 See the chest riseSee the chest rise
 Only two breathsOnly two breaths
 Follow 30: 2 ratioFollow 30: 2 ratio

14. Breathing AdjunctsBreathing Adjuncts

15. B-BreathingB-Breathing
 Has definitive pulseHas definitive pulse
 Rescue positionRescue position
 Call for help if notCall for help if not
done previouslydone previously
 Assure breathingAssure breathing
 Assure circulationAssure circulation
 Victim BreathingVictim Breathing

16. C- CirculationC- Circulation
 Check pulse –Check pulse –
carotids/brachialcarotids/brachial
 Check for max.10 secCheck for max.10 sec
 Definite pulse cont.- BDefinite pulse cont.- B
 No definite pulse orNo definite pulse or
unsureunsure
 Start chestStart chest
compressionscompressions

17. CirculationCirculation
 Make sure the victimsMake sure the victims
on flat surface.on flat surface.
 Remove chestRemove chest
clothing's.clothing's.
 Put the heel of onePut the heel of one
hand over the victimshand over the victims
chest between thechest between the
nipples.nipples.
 Put the heel of otherPut the heel of other
hand on top.hand on top.
No CirculationNo Circulation

18. CirculationCirculation
 Straighten your arms &Straighten your arms &
position the shouldersposition the shoulders
directly over hands.directly over hands.
 Push hard & push fast.Push hard & push fast.
 Press down atleast 2 inchPress down atleast 2 inch
(1.5 inch for children)(1.5 inch for children)
 Allow chest recoil fullyAllow chest recoil fully
between compressions.between compressions.
 Deliver compressions inDeliver compressions in
smooth fashion atleastsmooth fashion atleast
100/min.100/min.
 Maintain a ratio of 30:2,Maintain a ratio of 30:2,
compressions: ventilationcompressions: ventilation
 Minimal interruption in CPRMinimal interruption in CPR

19.  Continue CPR for 5 cycles or 2 minContinue CPR for 5 cycles or 2 min
 Recheck the pulseRecheck the pulse
 If pulse – check & continue breathsIf pulse – check & continue breaths
 No pulse continue CPR.No pulse continue CPR.
 Do not interrupt chest compressionsDo not interrupt chest compressions
for more than 10 sec.for more than 10 sec.
 If two rescuers then switch overIf two rescuers then switch over
afterafter
2 min, time < 5 sec, CPR ratio2 min, time < 5 sec, CPR ratio
same.same.
CirculationCirculation

20. D-DefibrillationD-Defibrillation
 AED – Automated External DefibrillatorAED – Automated External Defibrillator
Monophasic, BiphasicMonophasic, Biphasic
 Open AEDOpen AED
 Attach padsAttach pads
 Analyze rhythmAnalyze rhythm
 Shockable rhythmShockable rhythm
 Shock – 360j M, 120 – 200j BShock – 360j M, 120 – 200j B

21. DDefibrillationefibrillation

22. Adult BLS AlgorithmAdult BLS Algorithm

23. Questions?Questions?

24. THANK YOUTHANK YOU