2. Cranial Nerves Cranial nerves are nerves that originate in the cranium There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves The first two pairs attach to the forebrain The others originate in the brain stem
4. I – Olfactory Nerve Olfactory Nerve (83) FUNCTION Purely sensory nerve Carries afferent impulses for the sense of smell TEST smell bilaterally
5. II – Optic Nerve FUNCTION Purely sensory Carry afferent impulses for vision TEST See bilaterally Optic Nerve (84)
6. III – Oculomotor Nerve FUNCTION Chiefly motor nerve Cause pupil constriction Eye movement TEST Pupil contraction when light is shined into eye Oculomotor Nerve (85)
7. IV – Trochlear Nerve FUNCTION Primarily motor nerves Cause eye movement in one of the extrinsic eye muscles (Superior oblique) TEST Tracking of eye from left to right Trochlear Nerve (86)
8. V – Trigeminal Nerve (The largest Cranial Nerve) FUNCTION Mixed nerve Provides sensory and motor input for the face and associated structures TEST Sensation on three sections of the face bilaterally Trigeminal Nerve (87)
9. VI – Abducens Nerve FUNCTION Motor nerve Supplies motor fibers to the lateral rectus muscles which move the eye TEST eye tracking from left to right Abducens (88)
10. VII – Facial Nerve FUNCTION Mixed nerve the chief motor nerve for the muscles of the face TEST Wrinkle forehead Close eye smile Facial Nerve (89)
11. Bell’s Palsy Is characterized by paralysis of the face muscles on the affected side and partial loss of taste sensation. The lower eyelid droops, corner of the mouth sags, tears may continuously drip from eye to eye These symptoms are caused by damage to the facial nerve
12. VIII – Auditory Nerve FUNCTION Mostly sensory, some motor Branches transmit the afferent fibers affecting the sense of equilibrium and hearing TEST Bilateral hearing Balance with your eyes closed Auditory Nerve (90)
13. IX – Glossopharyngeal Nerve FUNCTION Mixed nerve Provides motor fibers to the muscles of the tongue and pharynx TEST Gag reflex Glossopharyngeal Nerve (91)
14. X – Vagus Nerve FUNCTION Mixed nerve Motor fibers supply heart, lungs and abdominal viscera Regulates heart rate, breathing rate and digestive system activity TEST Say “Ah” uvula is midline Swallow Vagus Nerve (92)
15. XI – Spinal Accessory Nerve FUNCTION Motor Nerve innervates trapezius and Sternocleidomastoid TEST Shoulder Shrug against resistance Spinal Accessory Nerve (93)
16. XII – Hypoglossal Nerve FUNCTION Motor Nerve (primarily motor) Carries motor fibers to the tongue TEST Stick out tongue and look for tremors Hypoglossal Nerve (94)
